FN ISI Export Format VR 1.0 PT J AU Rodriguez, LF Gonzalez, RF Montes, G AF Rodriguez, Luis F. Gonzalez, Ricardo F. Montes, Gabriela TI THE RADIO COUNTERPARTS TO THE BINARY O4+O4 SYSTEM CEN 1 IN NGC 6618, THE CLUSTER IONIZING M17 SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA LA English DT Article DE stars: individual(CEN 1.); ISM: individual (M17); radio continuum: stars ID EARLY-TYPE STARS; WOLF-RAYET STARS; CONTINUUM MEASUREMENTS; STELLAR POPULATION; EMISSION MODELS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SPECTRUM; WINDS AB We present the analysis of VLA archive observation made in the year 2000 at 8.46 GHz toward M17. In the region of the stellar cluster NGC 6618 we detect seven compact radio sources, of which four have Chandra X-ray counterparts. Two of the radio+X-ray sources coincide positionally with the two 04 stars that form the binary systen CEN 1. These stars are the main ionizing sources of the M17 H II region and the brightest X-ray objects in the zone. The observed 8.46 GHz flux densities exceed by an order of magnitude the values expected from free-free emission from a wind. An additional archive observation made in 1988 at 4.86 GHz suggests variability in the radio sources associated with CEN 1. C1 [Rodriguez, Luis F.; Gonzalez, Ricardo F.; Montes, Gabriela] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radiostron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Montes, Gabriela] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. RP Rodriguez, LF, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radiostron & Astrofis, Apdo Postal 3-72 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM l.rodriguez@astrosmo.unam.mx rf.gonzalez@astrosmo.unam.mx gmontes@iaa.es FU DGAPA ; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico ; Conacyt (Mexico) FX We thank ail anonymous referee for helpful comments. We are also thankful for the support of DGAPA, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, and of Conacyt (Mexico). This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. 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Mex. Astron. Astrofis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 2 BP 273 EP 277 PG 5 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 502FE UT ISI:000270440200014 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Alvarado, G Perez-Caliz, MI Caudillo-Ruiz, KB Garay-Serrano, E Rodriguez-Fernandez, R Fernandez-Pavia, SP AF Rodriguez-Alvarado, G. Perez-Caliz, M. I. Caudillo-Ruiz, K. B. Garay-Serrano, E. Rodriguez-Fernandez, R. Fernandez-Pavia, S. P. TI Root Rot of Hydroponically Grown Lettuce Caused by Phytophthora drechsleri in Mexico SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Rodriguez-Alvarado, G.; Garay-Serrano, E.; Rodriguez-Fernandez, R.; Fernandez-Pavia, S. P.] UMSNH, Lab Patol Vegetal, IIAF, Morelia 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Perez-Caliz, M. I.; Caudillo-Ruiz, K. B.] LDF CESAVEG, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. RP Rodriguez-Alvarado, G, UMSNH, Lab Patol Vegetal, IIAF, Morelia 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. CR JEE HJ, 2001, PLANT PATHOLOGY J, V17, P311 LINDE AR, 1990, PLANT DIS, V74, P1037 NR 2 TC 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 93 IS 10 BP 1077 EP 1077 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-10-1077B PG 1 SC Plant Sciences GA 499ZS UT ISI:000270266400026 ER PT J AU Aksoylu, B Beyer, HR AF Aksoylu, Burak Beyer, Horst R. TI On the Characterization of Asymptotic Cases of the Diffusion Equation with Rough Coefficients and Applications to Preconditioning SO NUMERICAL FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE Diffusion equation; Diffusion operator; Rough coefficients; Singular diffusivities AB We consider the diffusion equation in the setting of operator theory. In particular, we study the characterization of the limit of the diffusion operator for diffusivities approaching zero on a subdomain 1 of the domain of integration of . We generalize Lion' results to covering the case of diffusivities that are piecewise C1 up to the boundary of 1 and 2, where [image omitted] instead of piecewise constant coefficients. In addition, we extend both Lion' and our previous results by providing the strong convergence of [image omitted], for a monotonically decreasing sequence of diffusivities ([image omitted])*. C1 [Aksoylu, Burak] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Computat & Technol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Aksoylu, Burak] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Math, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Beyer, Horst R.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Aksoylu, B, Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Computat & Technol, 216 Johnston Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM burak@cct.lsu.edu CR AKSOYLU B, 2008, COMPUT VIS SCI, V11, P319 AKSOYLU B, 2008, SIAM J MATH AN UNPUB AKSOYLU B, 2009, COMPUT VIS SCI UNPUB BAKHVALOV NS, 1990, SOV MATH DOKL, V41, P481 KNYAZEV A, 2003, MATH COMPUT, V72, P17 KNYAZEV AV, 1992, ITERATIVE METHODS LI, P85 LIONS JL, 1973, LECT NOTES MATH, V323 NR 7 TC 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0163-0563 J9 NUMER FUNC ANAL OPTIMIZ JI Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5-6 BP 405 EP 420 DI 10.1080/01630560902987162 PG 16 SC Mathematics, Applied GA 500VD UT ISI:000270332800001 ER PT J AU Huipe-Ramos, AB Bernal-Brooks, FW AF Bel Huipe-Ramos, Ana Walter Bernal-Brooks, Fernando TI Water basins management for extensive aquaculture of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) in the region of Zacapu, Michoacan, Mexico SO HIDROBIOLOGICA LA Spanish DT Article DE Extensive aquaculture; carp; small reservoirs ID DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; LAKES AB This study provides an assessment of the carrying capacity of water bodies in the area of Zacapu, Michoacan for extensive and semintensive aquaculture with carp (Cyprinus carpio) by means of experimental trials in 27 ponds. A 3 x 3 factorial analysis with three densities (D-B=0.5 org.(.)m(-2), D-M=1 org.(.)m(-2) and D-A=2 orgs.(.)m(-2)) and three feeding regimes (R-0=without fertilization, R-F=fertilization and R+=farming by-products) included nine combined treatments between densities and feeding regimes with three replicates for each case. The combination of low density and natural food, analog to an extensive aquaculture in small water reservoirs, attained a maximum yield equivalent to 5,000 orgs.(.)ha(-1). Empirical trials accomplished at seven temporary basins (<10 he) under conditions of different stocking densities from 1,500 to 6,000 orgs.(.)ha(-1) lead to fairly similar yields to those obtained in the ponds. Thus,the general index used in Mexico for extensive aquaculture of 1 org.(.)m(-2) overloads the regional temporary ecosystems and only the possibility of supplying additional food allows rearing of a double amount of organisms and improves the results of this productive activity. C1 [Bel Huipe-Ramos, Ana] SAGARPA, Ctr Acuicola Zacapu, Zacapu, Michoacan, Mexico. [Walter Bernal-Brooks, Fernando] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Recursos Nat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Huipe-Ramos, AB, SAGARPA, Ctr Acuicola Zacapu, Zacapu, Michoacan, Mexico. EM fbernal_brooks@yahoo.com CR *FAO, 942 FAO *SEPESCA, 1988, MAN BIOT CULT REPR C ARREDONDOFIGUER.JL, 1992, HIDROBIOLOGICA, V3, P1 ARREDONDOFIGUER.JL, 1994, HIDROBIOLOGICA, V4, P1 CORTES R, 1976, ESTIMACION RENDIMIEN DAVALOSLIND L, 1996, J AQUAT ECOSYS HLTH, V5, P99 FOX W, 1970, T AM FISH SOC, V170, P80 GARAWAY CJ, 2001, RESERVOIR CULTURE BA, P227 GARAWAY CJ, 2002, COMMUNITY FISHERIES GARAWAY CJ, 2004, ADAPTIVE LEARNING PR GONZALEZYANEZ J, 2001, VET MEXICO, V33, P109 HASAN MR, 1997, PUBLICACION TECNIA F, V374, P159 HENDERSON F, 1974, PROGRAMA EVALUACION, V8 HERNANDEZAVILES JS, 2007, AGUAS INTERIORES M6X, P597 HERNANDEZAVILTS JS, 1992, HIDROBIOLOGICA, V13, P11 HISHAMUNDA N, 2003, 427 FAO HUET M, 1994, TXB FISH CULTURE BRE JUAREZ P, 1987, DESARROLLO PESQUERO, P219 JUAREZPALACIOS R, 1992, MANEJO EXPLOTACION A KASHIGAN S, 1991, MULTIVARIATE STAT AN LIND OT, 2002, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V467, P159 LITTLE DC, 2003, INTEGRATED LIVESTOCK LORENZEN K, 1996, AQUACULTURE, V142, P191 LORENZEN K, 1998, AQUAC RES, V29, P211 LORENZEN K, 2002, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V269, P49 MARI A, 1993, AVANCES MANEJO APROV NAVARRETE SNA, 1989, REV LATINOAMERICANA, V39, P45 PETERS RH, 1982, T AM FISH SOC, V111, P121 PETERS RH, 1986, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V31, P1143 QUIROZ CH, 1990, THESIS U NACL AUTONO RAWSON DS, 1952, ECOLOGY, V33, P513 REMEDIOS L, 1999, ACUICULTURA SOCIEDAD RITTERORTIZ WJ, 2001, ANALES I CIENCIAS MR, V19, P43 ROJASHOYO J, 1986, TRABAJOS PRESENTADOS RYDER RA, 1965, T AM FISH SOC, V94, P214 SANCHEZ MR, 1984, THESIS ENEP IZTACALA SANCHEZ MR, 1987, REV LATINOAMERICANA, P33 SCHAEFER MB, 1954, B INTERAMERICAN TROP, V1, P25 SCHEFFER M, 2003, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V48, P1920 SCHLESINGER DA, 1982, T AM FISH SOC, V111, P141 SINHA VRP, 1985, INTEGRATED CARP FARM STEEL RGD, 2006, PRINCIPLES PROCEDURE SUGUNAN VV, 1997, FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, P933 WETZEL R, 2001, LIMNOLOGY LAKES RIVE ZAMBRANO L, 2001, OIKOS, V94, P344 NR 45 TC 0 PU UNIV AUTONOMA METROPOLITANA-IZTAPALAPA PI MEXICO PA SAN RAFAEL ATLIXCO NO 186, COL VICENTINA, DELEGACION IZTAPALAPA, MEXICO, 09340, MEXICO SN 0188-8897 J9 HIDROBIOLOGICA JI Hidrobiologica PD AUG PY 2009 VL 19 IS 2 BP 129 EP 139 PG 11 SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 502IV UT ISI:000270452900007 ER PT J AU Dominguez-Dominguez, O Perez-Rodriguez, R Escalera-Vazquez, LH Doadrio, I AF Dominguez-Dominguez, Omar Perez-Rodriguez, Rodolfo Humberto Escalera-Vazquez, Luis Doadrio, Ignacio TI Two new species of the genus Notropis Rafinesque, 1817 (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) from the Lerma River Basin in Central Mexico SO HIDROBIOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE New species; Notropis; Central Mexico; Cyprinidae; critically endangered species ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CYPRINODONTIFORMES; SHAPE; SIZE AB Prior findings suggest the existence of undescribed species among the cypirinids of central Mexico. Within the genus Notropis distributed across central Mexico and adjacent areas sometimes reaching southern basins, two groups have been recognized: a Southern Mexican clade and a central Mexican clade. Within this last clade, Notropis calientis has been defined as a species complex of four small minnows inhabiting upland areas. Here we describe two new species of this complex based on morphometric, meristic and genetic characters. Notropis marhabatiensis sp. nov. was diagnosed according to the following set of characters: 7, rarely 8, branched pelvic fin rays (vs. 8, rarely 7 or 9, in other species of the N. calientis complex) and 9, rarely 8, scales in a transverse series (vs. 10, rarely 9 or 11 in N. grandis & N. calientis); a dark, narrow lateral stripe running from around the pectoral fin to the caudal peduncle origin; and twenty-six fixed nucleotide positions in the cytochrome b gene. The diagnosis of Notropis grandis sp. nov. was based on: 6, rarely 7, branched fin rays (vs. 7, rarely 6 or 8, in N. marhabatiensis, N. calientis and N. aulidion and 8, rarely 7 or 9, in N. calbazas and N. amecae), 42, rarely 40-41, or 43-45 scales in a lateral series (vs. 40, rarely 37-39, in N. calabazas, 3536, rarely 37-39, or 33-34 in N. amecae; 35, rarely 31-34, or 36 in N. marhabatiensis and N. calientis and 34, rarely 30-33, or 35 in N. aulidion) and 11 rarely 10 or 12 gill rakers in the first arch; a dark lateral stripe widening from approximately the pectoral fin origin to the dorsal fin origin, forming a slightly convex segment; adult animals larger (n=30, (chi) over bar =42.6, S0=4.69) relative to N. calientis (n=55, (chi) over bar =33.3, SD=3.28) and N. marhabatiensis sp. nov. (n=30, (chi) over bar =30.5, SD=7.57) (F=16.87; p<0.001); and finally 31 fixed nucleotide positions in the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b sequence along with four amino acid changes. Calculated genetic distances between the new species and other species of the complex ranged between <(D)over bar>(GTR) = 6.1% to 7.4% for N. marhabatiensis and (D) over bar (GTR) = 6.3% to 8.1% for N. grandis. C1 [Dominguez-Dominguez, Omar] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Biol Acuat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Perez-Rodriguez, Rodolfo; Humberto Escalera-Vazquez, Luis] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Doadrio, Ignacio] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Dominguez-Dominguez, O, Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Biol Acuat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM goodeido@yahoo.com.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia ; [CGL2006-12325/BOS] FX The authors thank Adolfo de Sostoa, Hugo Mejia and Rogelio Rosas for their help during field trips, Luis Boto for his help and comments and Lourdes Alcaraz and Carlos Pedraza for laboratory work. Part of this research was financed by a grant awarded to OD by Chester Zoo Garden, England and by the project CGL2006-12325/BOS. OD, RIP and LE thank the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia for fellowship awards. 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The optimum temperature to produce well-grown Ni/carbon nanotubes was found to be 850 degrees C. The carbon nanotubes were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and TGA-DTA. The microscopy studies show that the produced carbon nanotubes have disorder morphologies with diameters between 60 and 100 nm and lengths of a few hundred microns. Ni particles of 40 nm are well dispersed along the carbon nanotubes. XRD patterns show the crystalline planes corresponding to graphite and metallic Ni. The TGA-DTA results indicate a Ni loading of 20wt%. Raman spectroscopy reveals that the grown carbon nanotubes are graphitized, showing both the D and G bands at 1330 cm(-1) and 1590 cm(-1), respectively. The corresponding intensity ratio of these bands (ID/I-G) varies with respect to synthesis temperature and catalyst concentration. C1 [Verde, Ysmael] Inst Tecnol Cancun, Cancun 77500, Quintana Roo, Mexico. [Gomez, Javier] Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados, Chihuahua, Mexico. [Lara-Romero, Javier] UMSNH, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alonso-Nunez, Gabriel] UNAM, Ctr Nanociencias & Nanotecnol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. RP Verde, Y, Inst Tecnol Cancun, Cancun 77500, Quintana Roo, Mexico. EM yverde@itcancun.edu.mx FU International Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials [07]; FOMIX Quintana Roo-CONACYT [QROO-C03-04-022]; CONACYT [58280-Y] FX We are grateful for the valuable technical assistance from C. Ornelas, S. Jimenez-Sandoval, F. Rodriguez-Melgarejo, W. Antunes and E. Torres. Thanks to financial support of International Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials under grant No. 07, FOMIX Quintana Roo-CONACYT under grant No. QROO-C03-04-022 and CONACYT Project No. 58280-Y. 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Nanotub. Carbon Nanostruct. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 5 BP 507 EP 518 DI 10.1080/15363830903130085 PG 12 SC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical GA 500PP UT ISI:000270315900005 ER PT J AU Antonio-Estrada, C Bello-Perez, LA Martinez-Sanchez, CE Montanez-Soto, JL Jimenez-Hernandez, J Vivar-Vera, MA AF Antonio-Estrada, C. Bello-Perez, L. A. Martinez-Sanchez, C. E. Montanez-Soto, J. L. Jimenez-Hernandez, J. Vivar-Vera, M. A. TI Produccion enzimatica de maltodextrinas a partir de almidon de malanga (Colocasia esculenta) Enzymatic production of maltodextrins from taro (Colocasia esculenta) starch SO CYTA-JOURNAL OF FOOD LA Spanish DT Article DE taro starch; maltodextrins; enzymatic hydrolysis ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS; COMMERCIAL MALTODEXTRINS; XANTHOSOMA-SAGITTIFOLIUM; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; CORN STARCH; PROTEIN; POTATO; FLOUR; CASSAVA; ENZYMES AB Starch was isolated from taro (Colocasia esculenta) tubers and partially characterized in order to be used as starting material to obtain maltodextrins by enzymatic hydrolysis. The starch was extracted with a yield of 858g/kg and it had 269.2 and 554.8g/kg of amilose and amilopectin contents, respectively. Maltodextrins with dextrose equivalent (DE) of 15.12 and 17.48% were obtained at 95 degrees C during 48.6 and 79.4min, respectively. Moisture content of taro maltodextrins (TM) was similar to commercial corn (CCM) maltodextrins for each DE (15 or 17.5%), whereas the ash content of TM was higher than CCM with DE 15%. Fat content was higher (p 0.05) in TM than CCM with DE 15 or 17.5%. There was no difference (p 0.05) in pH between TM and CCM with the same DE. However, aw of TM was significantly lower than CCM. Average degree of polymerization (DP) was lower in TM than CCM with DE 15%. Average molecular weight (MW) of TM was lower than CM. Color was significantly different between both maltodextrins, except in L value of 15% DE maltodextrins. The analysis of functional properties suggests that CM could be replaced by TM in food systems which require water and oil absorption properties and in food emulsions. C1 [Antonio-Estrada, C.; Martinez-Sanchez, C. E.; Vivar-Vera, M. A.] Inst Tecnol Tuxtepec, Tuxtepec 68350, Oaxaca, Mexico. [Jimenez-Hernandez, J.] Univ Autonoma Guerrero, Unidad Acad Ciencias Agropecuarias & Ambientales, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico. [Montanez-Soto, J. L.] Ctr Interdisciplinario Invest Desarrollo Integral, Jiquilpan, Michoacan, Mexico. [Bello-Perez, L. A.] CEPROBI IPN, Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico. RP Vivar-Vera, MA, Inst Tecnol Tuxtepec, Av Dr Victor Bravo Ahuja S-N Col 5 Mayo, Tuxtepec 68350, Oaxaca, Mexico. 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Food PY 2009 VL 7 IS 3 BP 233 EP 241 DI 10.1080/19476330903091300 PG 9 SC Food Science & Technology GA 503OC UT ISI:000270545200009 ER PT J AU Campos, RG Diaz, FM AF Campos, Rafael G. Mejia Diaz, Francisco TI Quadrature formulas for the Laplace and Mellin transforms SO BIT NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Two-sided Laplace transform; Quadrature; Inversion formula; Hermite polynomials; Discrete Fourier transform ID NUMERICAL INVERSION AB A discrete Laplace transform and its inversion formula are obtained by using a quadrature of the integral Fourier transform which is given in terms of Hermite polynomials and its zeros. This approach yields a convergent discrete formula for the two-sided Laplace transform if the function to be transformed falls off rapidly to zero and satisfies given conditions of integrability, achieving convergence also for singular functions. The inversion formula becomes a quadrature formula for the Bromwich integral. The use of asymptotic formulae yields an algorithm to compute the discrete Laplace transform by using only exponentials. C1 [Campos, Rafael G.; Mejia Diaz, Francisco] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Campos, RG, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. EM rcampos@umich.mx fdiaz@fismat.umich.mx CR ABATE J, 2004, INT J NUMER METH ENG, V60, P979, DOI 10.1002/nme.995 CAMPOS RG, 1992, NUOVO CIMENTO B, V107, P703 CAMPOS RG, 1995, NUMER ALGORITHMS, V9, P343 CAMPOS RG, 2001, NUOVO CIMENTO B, V116, P31 COPE DK, 1990, SIAM J NUMER ANAL, V27, P1345 DUBNER H, 1968, J ASSOC COMPUT MACH, V15, P115 MUCKENHOUPT B, 1970, SIAM J MATH ANAL, V1, P295 SZEGO G, 1975, C PUBLICATIONS AM MA VALKO P, LIST PAPERS NUMERICA NR 9 TC 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3835 J9 BIT JI Bit PD SEP PY 2009 VL 49 IS 3 BP 477 EP 486 DI 10.1007/s10543-009-0234-z PG 10 SC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied GA 502HN UT ISI:000270448500002 ER PT J AU Heitsch, F Ballesteros-Paredes, J Hartmann, L AF Heitsch, Fabian Ballesteros-Paredes, Javier Hartmann, Lee TI GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE AND FILAMENT FORMATION: COMPARISON WITH THE PIPE NEBULA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; methods: numerical; stars: formation; turbulence ID DENSE CORE POPULATION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; STAR-FORMATION; MASS FUNCTION; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; BROWN DWARFS; DARK CLOUDS; FRAGMENTATION; TURBULENCE AB Recent models of molecular cloud formation and evolution suggest that such clouds are dynamic and generally exhibit gravitational collapse. We present a simple analytic model of global collapse onto a filament and compare this with our numerical simulations of the flow-driven formation of an isolated molecular cloud to illustrate the supersonic motions and infall ram pressures expected in models of gravity-driven cloud evolution. We compare our results with observations of the Pipe Nebula, an especially suitable object for our purposes as its low star formation activity implies insignificant perturbations from stellar feedback. We show that our collapsing cloud model can explain the magnitude of the velocity dispersions seen in the (CO)-C-13 filamentary structure by Onishi et al. and the ram pressures required by Lada et al. to confine the lower-mass cores in the Pipe Nebula. We further conjecture that higher-resolution simulations will show small velocity dispersions in the densest core gas, as observed, but which are infall motions and not supporting turbulence. Our results point out the inevitability of ram pressures as boundary conditions for molecular cloud filaments, and the possibility that especially lower-mass cores still can be accreting mass at significant rates, as suggested by observations. C1 [Heitsch, Fabian] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Heitsch, Fabian; Hartmann, Lee] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ballesteros-Paredes, Javier] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Heitsch, F, Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, CB 3255, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. FU NSF [AST-0807305]; University of Michigan FX We thank the referee for comments and questions that helped to improve our presentation. This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-0807305 and by the University of Michigan. Computations were performed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (AST 060034). This work has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. 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J. PD OCT 20 PY 2009 VL 704 IS 2 BP 1735 EP 1742 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/1735 PG 8 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 502UQ UT ISI:000270486200056 ER PT J AU Suarez, O Gomez, JF Miranda, LF Torrelles, JM Gomez, Y Anglada, G Morata, O AF Suarez, O. Gomez, J. F. Miranda, L. F. Torrelles, J. M. Gomez, Y. Anglada, G. Morata, O. TI Water maser detections in southern candidate post-AGB stars and planetary nebulae SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE masers; surveys; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: mass-loss; planetary nebulae: general ID OH IR STARS; EMISSION; ENVELOPE; H2O; OBJECTS AB Aims. We study the incidence and characteristics of water masers in the envelopes of stars in the post-AGB and PN evolutionary stages. Methods. We used the 64-m antenna in Parkes (Australia) to search for water maser emission at 22 GHz, towards a sample of 74 sources with IRAS colours characteristic of post-AGB stars and PNe, at declination < -32 degrees. In our sample, 39% of the sources are PNe or PNe candidates, and 50% are post-AGB stars or post-AGB candidates. Results. We detected four new water masers, all of them in optically obscured sources: three are in PNe candidates (IRAS 12405-6219, IRAS 15103-5754, and IRAS 16333-4807) and one is in a post-AGB candidate (IRAS 13500-6106). The PN candidate IRAS 15103-5754 has water fountain characteristics and could be the first PN of this class found. Conclusions. We confirm the trend suggested in Paper I that water maser emission during the post-AGB phase is more likely to be present in obscured sources with massive envelopes than in objects with optical counterpart. We propose an evolutionary scenario for water masers in the post-AGB and PNe stages, in which "water fountain" masers could develop during the post-AGB and early PN stages. Later PNe would exhibit lower velocity maser emission, both along jets and close to the central objects, with only the central masers remaining in more evolved PNe. C1 [Suarez, O.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, UMR H Fizeau 6525, CNRS, OCA, F-06108 Nice 2, France. [Suarez, O.; Gomez, J. F.; Miranda, L. F.; Anglada, G.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Torrelles, J. M.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencias Espacio, CSIC IEEC, Fac Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Gomez, Y.] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Morata, O.] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Taipei 116, Taiwan. [Morata, O.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Morata, O.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meteorol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Suarez, O, Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, UMR H Fizeau 6525, CNRS, OCA, Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice 2, France. EM olga.suarez@unice.fr FU Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AYA2008-06189-C03, AYA2005-08523-C03, AYA2008-01934]; Consejer a de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa of Junta de Andaluc a ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; National Science Foundation FX We would like to thank our referee, Dr. Dieter Engels, for his careful and useful review. O. S., J. F. G., J. M. T., and G. A. are partially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, grants AYA2008-06189-C03 and AYA2005-08523-C03 (co-funded with FEDER funds). O. S. and L. F. M. are partially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, grant AYA2008-01934. O. S., J. F. G., L. F. M., J. M. T., and G. A. also acknowledge support from Consejer a de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa of Junta de Andaluc a. This publication makes use of data products from the TwoMicron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. 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TI EVIDENCE FOR DYNAMICAL CHANGES IN A TRANSITIONAL PROTOPLANETARY DISK WITH MID-INFRARED VARIABILITY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; planetary systems: protoplanetary disks; stars: pre-main sequence ID PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER; ALL-SKY SURVEY; MASS STARS; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; MOLECULAR CLOUD; C2D SURVEY AB We present multi-epoch Spitzer Space Telescope observations of the transitional disk LRLL 31 in the 2-3 Myr old star-forming region IC 348. Our measurements show remarkable mid-infrared variability on timescales as short as one week. The infrared continuum emission exhibits systematic wavelength-dependent changes that suggest corresponding dynamical changes in the inner disk structure and variable shadowing of outer disk material. We propose several possible sources for the structural changes, including a variable accretion rate or a stellar or planetary companion embedded in the disk. Our results indicate that variability studies in the infrared can provide important new constraints on protoplanetary disk behavior. C1 [Muzerolle, James] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Muzerolle, James; Flaherty, Kevin; Balog, Zoltan; Smith, Paul S.; Rieke, George H.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Balog, Zoltan] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Furlan, Elise] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Allen, Lori; Muench, August] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Allen, Lori] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Calvet, Nuria] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [D'Alessio, Paola] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Megeath, S. Thomas] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Sherry, William H.] Natl Solar Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Muzerolle, J, Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. FU NASA [1407, 960785] FX This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under NASA contract 1407. Support for this work was provided by NASA through Contract Number 960785 issued by JPL/Caltech. We acknowledge K. Luhman for assistance with spectral typing the SpeX spectrum. 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J. Lett. PD OCT 10 PY 2009 VL 704 IS 1 BP L15 EP L19 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/704/1/L15 PG 5 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 499KT UT ISI:000270219700004 ER PT J AU Zapata, LA Schmid-Burgk, J Ho, PTP Rodriguez, LF Menten, KM AF Zapata, Luis A. Schmid-Burgk, Johannes Ho, Paul T. P. Rodriguez, Luis F. Menten, Karl M. TI EXPLOSIVE DISINTEGRATION OF A MASSIVE YOUNG STELLAR SYSTEM IN ORION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual (Orion BN/KL); ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: molecules; ISM: Herbig-Haro objects; radio lines: ISM; techniques: interferometric ID PROPER MOTIONS; BN OBJECT; NEBULA; REGION; STAR; OUTFLOW; RESOLUTION; FEATURES; ARRAY; SOUTH AB Young massive stars in the center of crowded star clusters are expected to undergo close dynamical encounters that could lead to energetic, explosive events. However, there has so far never been clear observational evidence of such a remarkable phenomenon. We here report new interferometric observations that indicate the well-known enigmatic wide-angle outflow located in the Orion BN/KL star-forming region to have been produced by such a violent explosion during the disruption of a massive young stellar system, and that this was caused by a close dynamical interaction about 500 years ago. This outflow thus belongs to a totally different family of molecular flows that is not related to the classical bipolar flows that are generated by stars during their formation process. Our molecular data allow us to create a three-dimensional view of the debris flow and to link this directly to the well-known Orion H-2 "fingers" farther out. C1 [Zapata, Luis A.; Schmid-Burgk, Johannes; Menten, Karl M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rodriguez, Luis F.] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Zapata, LA, Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. 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J. Lett. PD OCT 10 PY 2009 VL 704 IS 1 BP L45 EP L48 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/704/1/L45 PG 4 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 499KT UT ISI:000270219700010 ER PT J AU Romieu, I Riojas-Rodriguez, H Marron-Mares, AT Schilmann, A Perez-Padilla, R Masera, O AF Romieu, Isabelle Riojas-Rodriguez, Horacio Teresa Marron-Mares, Adriana Schilmann, Astrid Perez-Padilla, Rogelio Masera, Omar TI Improved Biomass Stove Intervention in Rural Mexico Impact on the Respiratory Health of Women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE biomass fuels; respiratory symptoms; lung function tests; longitudinal models ID INDOOR AIR-POLLUTION; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; LUNG-FUNCTION; WOOD-SMOKE; EXPERIMENTAL EXPOSURE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; LONGITUDINAL DATA; GUATEMALAN WOMEN; INFLAMMATION; WOODSMOKE AB Rationale: Exposure to biomass smoke has been related to adverse health effects. In Mexico, one household in four still cooks with biomass fuel, but there has been no evaluation of the health impact of reducing indoor air pollution. Objectives: To evaluate the health impact of the introduction of an improved biomass stove (Patsari; Interdisciplinary Group for Appropriate Rural Technology [GIRA], Patzcuaro, Mexico) in Mexican women. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Central Mexican state of Michoacan. Households were randomized to receive the Patsari stove or keep their traditional open fire. A total of 552 women were followed with monthly visits over 10 months to assess stove use, inquire about respiratory and other symptoms, and obtain lung function measurements. Statistical analysis was conducted using longitudinal models. Measurements and Main Results: Adherence to the intervention was low (50%). Women who reported using the Patsari stove most of the time compared with those using the open fire had significantly lower risk of respiratory symptoms (relative risk [RR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.95 for cough and RR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.77 for wheezing) adjusted for confounders. Similar results were found for other respiratory symptoms as well as for eye discomfort, headache, and back pain. Actual use of the Patsari stove was associated with a lower FEV1 decline (31 ml) compared with the open fire use (62 ml) over 1 year of follow-up (P = 0.012) for women 20 years of age and older, adjusting for confounders. Conclusions: The use of the Patsari stove was significantly associated with a reduction of symptoms and of lung function decline comparable to smoking cessation. C1 [Romieu, Isabelle; Riojas-Rodriguez, Horacio; Teresa Marron-Mares, Adriana; Schilmann, Astrid] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Cuernavaca 62508, Morelos, Mexico. [Perez-Padilla, Rogelio] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Natl Inst Resp Dis INER, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Masera, Omar] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ecosyst Res Ctr, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Masera, Omar] Interdisciplinary Grp Appropriate Rural Technol G, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Riojas-Rodriguez, H, Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 655 Av Univ,Col Santa Maria Ahuacatitlan, Cuernavaca 62508, Morelos, Mexico. EM hriojas@correo.insp.mx FU Comision Federal para la Proteccion contra Riesgos Sanitarios (COFEPRIS) ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ; Shell Foundation [20965] FX Supported by Comision Federal para la Proteccion contra Riesgos Sanitarios (COFEPRIS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Shell Foundation (grant 20965). 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J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 180 IS 7 BP 649 EP 656 DI 10.1164/rccm.200810-1556OC PG 8 SC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System GA 502QI UT ISI:000270474700010 ER PT J AU Mena-Violante, HG Cruz-Hernandez, A Paredes-Lopez, O Gomez-Lim, MA Olalde-Portugal, V AF Mena-Violante, Hortencia G. Cruz-Hernandez, Adres Paredes-Lopez, Octavio Gomez-Lim, Miguel A. Olalde-Portugal, Victor TI FRUIT TEXTURE RELATED CHANGES AND ENHANCED SHELF-LIFE THROUGH TOMATO ROOT INOCULATION WITH Bacillus subtilis BEB-13BS SO AGROCIENCIA LA English DT Article DE Lycopersicon esculentum; Aco gene expression; firmness; PG activity; quality; ripening ID GROWTH-PROMOTING-RHIZOBACTERIA; PLANT-GROWTH; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYGALACTURONASE; MICROORGANISMS; SIDEROPHORES; RHIZOSPHERE; PHOSPHORUS; EXPRESSION; MODEL AB Bacillus subtilis BEB-13bs, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, has improved tomato firmness. Since firmer fruits are be expected to be more resistant to spoilage microorganisms and to have a longer shelf-life, root inoculation with this strain could be an alternative to extend tomato shelf-life. Thus, fruit texture-related changes were studied in tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) inoculated with Bacillus subtilis BEB-13bs. Treatments were: 1) non-inoculated control treatment (CTL); 2) PGPR inoculated treatment (BS13). Evaluation was made at different ripening stages. Pericarp firmness and activity of poligalacturonase (PG), the major cell wall polyuronide degrading enzyme in tomato, were measured. The expression pattern of ripening-related genes was also examined. Pericarp firmness was significantly greater in light red (LR) fruits in the BS13 treatment compared to those in the CTL treatment. PG activity was reduced significantly by the BS13 treatment in LR and red (R) fruits compared to the CTL treatment. The expression pattern of Aco, gene coding for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), an enzyme that has a regulatory role in ethylene production during fruit ripening, showed a significant decrease in accumulation of the transcript at the R stage in the BS13 treatment compared to that in the CTL treatment. A shelf-life test was performed storing fruits at 25-27 degrees C for 10 d at the end of this trial, and fruits in the BS13 treatment were significantly firmer than those in the CTL treatment. Moreover, the percentage decay (non-acceptable fruits) was significantly lower in the BS13 treatment than in the CTL, treatment. Additionally, the BS13 treatment promoted a significant increase in fruit fresh weight, size and yield per plant, compared to the CTL treatment. The present results support the development of an environment-friendly production tool based on PGPR for improving fruit quality through enhanced firmness and shelf-life. C1 [Cruz-Hernandez, Adres; Paredes-Lopez, Octavio; Olalde-Portugal, Victor] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Biotecnol & Bioquim, Guanajuato 36500, Mexico. [Mena-Violante, Hortencia G.] Ctr Interdisciplinario Invest Desarrollo Integral, IPN, Dept Biotecnol, Unidad Michoacan, Jiquilpan 59510, Michoacan, Mexico. [Gomez-Lim, Miguel A.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Ingn Genet, Guanajuato 36500, Mexico. RP Olalde-Portugal, V, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Biotecnol & Bioquim, Campus Guanajuato,Km 9-6 Libramiento Norte,Carret, Guanajuato 36500, Mexico. EM volalde@ira.cinvestav.mx FU National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT) FX The authors thank Rosalinda Serrato Flores and Luis Jorge Saucedo Arias for technical assistance. Financial support for this study was provided by the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT). 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R. Barrera, G. Garcia, R. Lopez, V. H. TI Thermal efficiency on welding of AA6061-T6 alloy by modified indirect electric arc and current signals digitalization SO REVISTA DE METALURGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Thermal efficiency; AA6061-T6; Current; Data acquisition; HAZ AB The results of the thermal efficiency on welding by modified indirect electric arc technique (MIEA) ([1]) of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy are presented. These values are in a range of 90 to 94%, which depend of the preheating employed. Thermal efficiency was obtained by means of a balance energy which considers the heat input, the amount of melted mass of the welding profiles, and welding parameters during the joining, especially of the arc current data acquisition. Also, some dimensionless parameters were employed in order to determine the approximation grade of the melted pool, the heat affected zone (HAZ), and their corresponding values with the experimental results. C1 [Ambriz, R. R.; Barrera, G.; Garcia, R.; Lopez, V. H.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ambriz, RR, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ricraf74@gmail.com CR AMBRIZ RR, 2006, S I, V11, P10 AMBRIZ RR, 2008, SOLDAGEM INSP, V13, P255 AMBRIZ RR, 2009, J MAT DESIGN, V30 DUPONT JN, 1995, WELD J, V74, S406 DUTTA I, 1991, J MATER SCI LETT, V10, P323 ENJO T, 1982, T JWRI, V11, P61 GITTOS NF, 1981, WELD J, S96 GRONG OO, 1997, METALLURGICAL MODELL, P7 HUANG C, 2004, WELD J, V83, S111 JONES LA, 1998, WELD J, V77, P135 MALIN V, 1995, WELD J, V74, S305 MYHR OR, 1990, ACTA METALL MATER, V38, P449 SMART HB, 1990, ARC WELDING PROCESSE, P175 NR 13 TC 0 PU CENIM PI MADRID PA AVDA. GREGORIO DEL AMO, 8, 28040 MADRID, SPAIN SN 0034-8570 J9 REV METALURGIA JI Rev. Metal. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 45 IS 4 BP 245 EP 255 DI 10.3989/revmetalm.0772 PG 11 SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 497IN UT ISI:000270052500001 ER PT J AU Maximov, S AF Maximov, S. TI On a special picture of dynamical evolution of nonlinear quantum systems in the phase-space representation SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear dynamics; Phase-space quantization; Symbol of operator; Moyal bracket ID PARTICLE-OSCILLATOR SYSTEM; NONCOMMUTING OPERATORS; QUASI-PARTICLE; ASYMPTOTIC SOLUTIONS; MECHANICS; CALCULUS; QUANTIZATION; DIMER AB A special picture of quantum evolution in the phase-space representation is derived. In this picture, both the symbols of operators as well as the distribution density, carry part of the time dependence. The symbols of operators evolve classically, whereas the distribution density carries the remaining time dependence, which is needed to recover the full time dependence of quantum averages. Such representation is free of semiclassical expansions or a mixed classical-quantum description. The spin-boson Hamiltonian system is explicitly studied; its phase-space structure is established by obtaining analytical solutions for the three stable regions. Quantum averages are calculated. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Tecnol Morelia, PGIIE, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Maximov, S, Inst Tecnol Morelia, PGIIE, Av Tecnol 1500, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Mas, J. -F. Navarrete, A. TI The improvement of an object-oriented classification using multi-temporal MODIS EVI satellite data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE enhanced vegetation index (EVI); moderate resolution imaging spectral-radiometer (MODIS); phenology; object-based image classification ID LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; AREA; PROBABILITIES; PERFORMANCE; SUPPORT; PIXELS AB This paper investigates the contribution of multi-temporal enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data to the improvement of object-based classification accuracy using multi-spectral moderate resolution imaging spectral-radiometer (MODIS) imagery. In object-oriented classification, similar pixels are firstly grouped together and then classified; the produced result does not suffer the speckled appearance and closer to human vision. EVI data are from the MODIS sensor aboard Terra spacecraft. 69 EVI data (scenes) were collected during the period of three years (2001-2003) in a mountainous vegetated area. These data sets were used to study the phenology of the land cover types. Different land cover types show distinct fluctuations over time in EVI values and this information might be used to improve object-oriented land cover classification. Two experiments were carried out: one was only with single date MODIS multispectral data, and the other one including also the 69 EVI images. Eight classes were distinguished: temperate forest, tropical dry forest, grassland, irrigated agriculture, rain-fed agriculture, orchards, lava flows and human settlement. The two classifications were evaluated with independent verification data, and the results showed that with multitemporal EVI data, the classification accuracy was improved 5.2%. Evaluated by McNemar's test, this improved was significant, with significance level p = 0.01. C1 [Gao, Y.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Mas, J. -F.; Navarrete, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Gao, Y, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701,Col Ex Hacienda, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM yan@oikos.unam.mx FU CONACYT-CONAFOR [2005-C02-14741]; UNAM FX The first author thanks CONACYT-CONAFOR 2005-C02-14741 for supplying PhD fellowship to the first author during the research work. She is grateful for the post-doc fellowship from UNAM during the writing up of the paper. 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J. Digit. Earth PY 2009 VL 2 IS 3 BP 219 EP 236 DI 10.1080/17538940902818311 PG 18 GA 497VE UT ISI:000270090300002 ER PT J AU Segundo-Ramirez, J Medina, A AF Segundo-Ramirez, Juan Medina, Aurelio TI Modeling of FACTS Devices Based on SPWM VSCs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY LA English DT Article DE Commutation process; ideal switch; static compensator (STATCOM); static synchronous series compensator (SSSC); unified power-flow controllers (UPFCs); voltage-source converter (VSC) ID VOLTAGE-SOURCE CONVERTER; SYSTEMS AB In this contribution, two voltage-source converter (VSC) models based on Fourier series and hyperbolic tangent function are proposed. The models are described in detail. The proposed models can be used for fast simulation in the time domain of power-electronic devices based on sinusoidal pulse-width modulation VSCs; the undesirable error introduced by the high rates in the commutation instants are removed; even though the harmonic distortion coming from the converter is taken into account. The switching instants in the Fourier model are approximated in a closed form, and an iterative algorithm based on the Newton-Raphson method is developed for the exact calculation of the switching instants. The hyperbolic tangent model does not need the calculation of the switching instants as in the case of the Fourier model. The proposed models are validated against the solution obtained with the power system blockset of Simulink and with PSCAD/EMTDC. C1 [Segundo-Ramirez, Juan; Medina, Aurelio] UMSNH, Div Estudios Postgrado, Fac Ingn Elect, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Segundo-Ramirez, J, UMSNH, Div Estudios Postgrado, Fac Ingn Elect, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. EM j2ramirez@gmail.com amedina@zeus.umich.mx FU CONACYT ; [PWRD-00946-2008] FX Manuscript received January 13, 2009; revised April 16, 2009. Current version published September 23, 2009. This work was supported by CONACYT. Paper no. PWRD-00946-2008. 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PD OCT PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 1815 EP 1823 DI 10.1109/TPWRD.2009.2028799 PG 9 SC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic GA 498KV UT ISI:000270139900008 ER PT J AU Espinosa-Juarez, E Hernandez, A Olguin, G AF Espinosa-Juarez, Elisa Hernandez, Araceli Olguin, Gabriel TI An Approach Based on Analytical Expressions for Optimal Location of Voltage Sags Monitors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY LA English DT Article DE Power quality (PQ); power quality monitoring; Power system; voltage sags (dips) ID SYSTEM; PREDICTION; INDEXES AB This paper addresses the problem of identifying the optimal location for voltage sags monitors. The proposed approach is based on using a monitor reach matrix obtained from the solution of analytical expressions which are valid for any location of faults in the power system. This method provides the optimal number of monitoring devices and the best positions to place them in order to guarantee the observability of the whole system considering any type of fault (balanced or unbalanced). That is, the location of monitors obtained by means of the proposed algorithm ensures that any event leading to a voltage sag is captured by, at least, one voltage sag monitor. Several examples are provided showing the performance of the proposed formulation compared to other approaches. C1 [Espinosa-Juarez, Elisa] Univ Michoacana, Fac Elect Engn, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. [Hernandez, Araceli] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Elect Engn, Escuela Tecn Super Ingenieros Ind, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Olguin, Gabriel] Transelec SA, Santiago, Chile. RP Espinosa-Juarez, E, Univ Michoacana, Fac Elect Engn, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Power Deliv. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 2034 EP 2042 DI 10.1109/TPWRD.2009.2028777 PG 9 SC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic GA 498KV UT ISI:000270139900032 ER PT J AU Valle-Diaz, O Blanco-Garcia, A Bonfil, C Paz, H Lindig-Cisneros, R AF Valle-Diaz, Oscar Blanco-Garcia, Arnulfo Bonfil, Consuleo Paz, Horacio Lindig-Cisneros, Roberto TI Altitudinal range shift detected through seedling survival of Ceiba aesculifolia in an area under the influence of an urban heat island SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Niche; Restoration; Altitudinal distribution ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; GENETIC-VARIATION; ECOSYSTEM; MEXICO; CONSERVATION; TEMPERATURE; POPULATIONS; VEGETATION; RESPONSES; PLANTS AB Changes in the position along the elevational gradient for plant species are a predicted consequence of global and local climate change. Within the area of influence of cities it is necessary, for conservation and ecological restoration, to understand the effect on plant communities of climate change and urban heat islands, that can increase the temperature around cities as much as 8 C when compared with peri-urban rural areas. We explored patterns of seedling survival of Ceiba aesculifolia, a tropical tree species, along an altitudinal gradient in a slope facing the city of Morelia, in Michoacan, Mexico, because the city has followed a trend of increasing mean annual temperatures with a difference of at least 4 C when compared with the surrounding rural areas. The highest survival was found between 2200 and 2230 m a.s.l. (100% after 1 year of planting and 75% after 2 years), 160 m higher than the altitudinal limit of the remnant adult trees in the study area, and close to the highest limit reported for the species at a regional scale (2200 m a.s.l.). There was a significant effect of altitude on survival among experimental plots (P < 0.0001) and the interaction between elevation and distance from the north side of the experimental area was significant (P=0.017). For restoring populations of C. aesculifolia within our study region, assisted migration through the establishment of populations at the elevational limit or higher than its historical range might be necessary in areas close to cities that already are under the effects of increased temperatures, but might be necessary also in rural areas for ameliorating the expected effects of global climate change in tropical rural areas. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Valle-Diaz, Oscar; Blanco-Garcia, Arnulfo; Paz, Horacio; Lindig-Cisneros, Roberto] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Bonfil, Consuleo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol & Recursos Nat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Lindig-Cisneros, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM rlindig@oikos.unam.mx FU Secretaria de Urbanismo y Medio Ambiente of the State of Michoacan ; Council of the Area Natural Cerro del Punhuato FX We want to thank the Secretaria de Urbanismo y Medio Ambiente of the State of Michoacan, and the Council of the Area Natural Cerro del Punhuato for their support. 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Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 258 IS 7 BP 1511 EP 1515 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.07.001 PG 5 SC Forestry GA 498OW UT ISI:000270152300058 ER PT J AU Schneider, MI Sanchez, N Pineda, S Chi, H Ronco, A AF Schneider, M. I. Sanchez, N. Pineda, S. Chi, H. Ronco, A. TI Impact of glyphosate on the development, fertility and demography of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): Ecological approach SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Chrysoperla externa; Glyphosate formulation; Ecotoxicology; Demographic parameters ID BIORATIONAL INSECTICIDES; HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; BIOCONTROL AGENTS; PESTICIDES; FORMULATION; ARTHROPODS; EXPOSURE; TADPOLES; ADULTS; RATES AB Few ecotoxicological studies have used life table analysis to evaluate the toxicity of pesticides on beneficial organisms. This study is the first report of the effect of the herbicide glyphosate on a predator insect. Chrysoperla externa, using a demographic approach. This predator is associated to soybean pests and has a potential role as a biological control agent in the Neotropical Region. The objective of this work was to evaluate the side-effects of glyphosate on the development, fertility and demography of C. externa, treated orally by ingestion of glyphosate-clipped eggs of Sitotroga cerealella in laboratory conditions. The data were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table. Development from third larval instar to pupae and adult longevity were shorter in glyphosate-treatment than in the control. Adult pre-reproductive period was longer in glyphosate-treatment than in the control. Fecundity and fertility were deeply reduced, as well, being fertility greater affected. A high important reduction was registered in all population parameters. Most eggs from glyphosate-treated cohort looked abnormal, smaller than control, dehydrated and became black 2 d after oviposition. In addition. adults developed tumours in the abdomen region at 20 d after emergence, being the effect more drastic in females than males. It is beyond the scope of our study to speculate on the effects of this herbicide on C. externa field populations. However, it seems likely that populations under continuous use of glyphosate would be exposed at greater detrimental effects in the long term. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schneider, M. I.; Sanchez, N.] UNLP, CCT La Plata CONICET, CEPAVE, La Plata, Bs As, Argentina. [Pineda, S.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Agropecuarias & Forestales, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Chi, H.] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Entomol, Lab Theoret Ecol, Taichung, Taiwan. [Ronco, A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Fac Ciencias Exactas UNLP, CIMA, La Plata, Bs As, Argentina. RP Schneider, MI, UNLP, CCT La Plata CONICET, CEPAVE, Calle 2 584, La Plata, Bs As, Argentina. EM mschneider@cepave.edu.ar FU Argentinean National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology (ANPCyT) [PICT 0115150 BID 1728 OC-AR]; Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, Taiwan, Republic of China [96AS-14.2.1-BQ-B4(6), 97AS-14.2.1-BQ-B3(2)] FX This research was supported by a PICT 0115150 BID 1728 OC-AR project from the Argentinean National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology (ANPCyT). M.S., N.S. and A.R. are members of the research career of CONICET. The contribution of Hsin Chi to this paper is partly supported by Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, Taiwan, Republic of China [96AS-14.2.1-BQ-B4(6) and 97AS-14.2.1-BQ-B3(2)]. The authors thank to Gleba S.A. for the donation of Glicoglex 48 (R) samples and Damian Aliardi for assistance with the C. externa rearing and experiments. We are grateful to Dr. Elisa Vinuela (UPM University, Madrid, Spain) for reviewing an earlier version of manuscript and her suggestions for the improvement of it. 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When normalized to the same stellar luminosity, the medians follow each other closely, implying comparable mid-infrared excess emission from the circumstellar disks. We use the spectral index between 13 and 31 mu m and the equivalent width of the 10 mu m silicate emission feature to identify objects whose disk configuration departs from that of a continuous, optically thick accretion disk. Transitional disks, whose steep 13-31 mu m spectral slope and near-IR flux deficit reveal inner disk clearing, occur with about the same frequency of a few percent in all three regions. Objects with unusually large 10 mu m equivalent widths are more common (20%-30%); they could reveal the presence of disk gaps filled with optically thin dust. Based on their medians and fraction of evolved disks, T Tauri stars in Taurus and Chamaeleon I are very alike. Disk evolution sets in early, since already the youngest region, the Ophiuchus core (L1688), has more settled disks with larger grains. Our results indicate that protoplanetary disks show clear signs of dust evolution at an age of a few Myr, even as early as similar to 1 Myr, but age is not the only factor determining the degree of evolution during the first few million years of a disk's lifetime. C1 [Furlan, E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Watson, Dan M.; McClure, M. K.; Manoj, P.; Kim, K. H.; Sargent, B. A.; Forrest, W. J.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [McClure, M. K.; Espaillat, C.; Calvet, N.; Hartmann, L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [D'Alessio, P.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Furlan, E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, NASA, Astrobiol Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Furlan, E, CALTECH, JPL, Mail Stop 264-767,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Elise.Furlan@jpl.nasa.gov dmw@pas.rochester.edu melisma@umich.edu manoj@pas.rochester.edu ccespa@umich.edu p.dalessio@astrosmo.unam.mx ncalvet@umich.edu khkim@pas.rochester.edu bsargent@pas.rochester.edu forrest@pas.rochester.edu lhartm@umich.edu FU NASA [1407, NNG05GI26G, NNG06GJ32G, NNX08AH94G]; CONACyT, Mexico FX We thank the referee for a thoughtful review that led us to improve this paper. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (Caltech), under NASA contract 1407. Support for this work was provided by NASA through contract number 1257184 issued by JPL/Caltech. E. F. was partly supported by a NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellowship, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA, and partly supported by NASA through the Spitzer Space Telescope Fellowship Program, through a contract issued by JPL/Caltech under a contract with NASA. N. C. and L. H. acknowledge support from NASAOrigins grants NNG05GI26G, NNG06GJ32G, and NNX08AH94G. P. D. acknowledges grants from CONACyT, Mexico. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/Caltech, funded by NASA and the NSF. It has also made use of the SIMBAD and VizieR databases, operated at CDS (Strasbourg, France), NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service; and of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive operated by JPL, Caltech, under contract with NASA. 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J. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 703 IS 2 BP 1964 EP 1983 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1964 PG 20 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 495XS UT ISI:000269929500065 ER PT J AU Alfonso, I Maldonado, C Gonzalez, JG Medina, A AF Alfonso, I Maldonado, C. Gonzalez, J. G. Medina, A. TI Effect of the experimental variables on the Al-6Si-3Cu-xMg T6 microhardness alloy SO MATERIA-RIO DE JANEIRO LA Portuguese DT Article DE Melt-spinning; aluminum alloys; magnesium; aging; precipitation; recrystallization ID METALLIC GLASSES; CASTING ALLOYS; PRECIPITATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; INTERMETALLICS; ADDITIONS; MG AB Three Al-6Si-3Cu-xMg (x = 0.59, 3.80 and 6.78 wt. %) alloys were produced using conventional ingot casting metallurgy and melt-spinning. The study was focused to investigate the effect of Magnesium content and aging time ant temperature on precipitates and microhardness. Obtained alloys were solution heat treated at 480 C for 12 h and aged at 150, 180 and 210 C for times between 0.05 and 100 h. Multifactorial designs were used, summarized in the dependency: VHN=f (t, T, % Mg), where VHN is Vickers microhardness, t is aging time and T is aging temperature. Transmission Electron Microscopy and microhardness techniques were used. Results shown variations in precipitates composition: CuAl2 needles for the alloys with 0.59% Mg and Q (Al5Cu2Mg8Si6) with irregular shapes, for the alloys with 3.80 and 6.78% Mg. For melt-spinning alloys, temperature originates the most significant variation on microhardness, followed by Mg content and aging time. The increase of Mg content originates greater microhardnesses. For conventionally cast alloys temperature is the only factor that significantly changes microhardness. C1 [Alfonso, I; Gonzalez, J. G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Maldonado, C.; Medina, A.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Alfonso, I, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Circuito Exterior,Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. 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Leon, E. Garcia-De Angeles-Chavez, C. Esparza, R. Rosas-Trejo, G. TI Hydrogen embrittlement assisted by ball-milling to obtain AlCuFe nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Alloys; Mechanical alloying; Nanocrystals; Quasicrystals; X-ray diffraction; SEM S100; STEM/TEM; Scanning electron microscopy; Defects; Powders ID ICOSAHEDRAL PHASE-FORMATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; IRON ALUMINIDES; QUASI-CRYSTAL; FEAL; POWDERS; ALLOYS; GROWTH AB In this work, we show that the synthesis of AlCuFe nanoparticles can be achieved by a wet ball-milling process. The AlCuFe intermetallic system is highly sensitive to the environmental embrittlement mechanism. Taking advantage of this, the wet ball-milling was used to increase the rate of grinding and accelerate the characteristic cleavage fracture of these phases. This research was carried out by subjecting Al64Cu24Fe12 pre-alloyed ribbons to high-energy ball-milling under different powder-humidity relationships. The pre-alloyed and milled powders were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) measurements and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) elemental chemical mapping confirm that the nanoparticles have a BCC structure with Al-Cu-Fe chemical composition. During the wet ball-milling, the aluminum content in the psi-phase diminishes due to embrittlement mechanism which provokes its aperiodic disarrangement. This aluminum loss could be related with a psi-beta transformation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Patino-Carachure, C.; Rosas-Trejo, G.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Leon, E. Garcia-De] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Angeles-Chavez, C.] Inst Mexicano Petr, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. [Esparza, R.] UNAM, Inst Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico. RP Rosas-Trejo, G, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Edificio U,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM grtrejo@umich.mx FU Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo ; CONACYT [48716-25535] FX The authors would like to thank the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, and CONACYT for the financial support received (48716-25535). 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Non-Cryst. Solids PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 355 IS 34-36 BP 1713 EP 1718 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.06.019 PG 6 SC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 495MF UT ISI:000269896400009 ER PT J AU Padilla, JM Berjano, EJ Saiz, J Rodriguez, R Facila, L AF Padilla, Juan M. Berjano, Enrique J. Saiz, Javier Rodriguez, Rafael Facila, Lorenzo TI Pulse Wave Velocity and Digital Volume Pulse as Indirect Estimators of Blood Pressure: Pilot Study on Healthy Volunteers SO CARDIOVASCULAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Blood pressure; Digital volume pulse; Pulse wave velocity; Photoplethysmography; Stiffness index; Reflection index ID ARTERIAL STIFFNESS; RISK-FACTORS; DISTENSIBILITY; CALCIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; JAPANESE; FORM; TIME AB The purpose of the study was to asses the potential use of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and digital volume pulse (DVP) as estimators of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DPB) blood pressure. Single and multiple correlation studies were conducted, including biometric parameters and risk factors. Brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) and DVP signals were obtained from a Pulse Trace PWV and Pulse Trace PCA (pulse contour analysis), respectively. The DVP (obtained by photoplethysmography), allowed stiffness (SI) and reflection indexes (RI) to be derived. The first study on 47 healthy volunteers showed that both SBP and DPB correlated significantly both with baPWV and SI. Multiple regression models of the baPWV and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) allowed SBP and DBP to be modeled with r = 0.838 and r = 0.673, respectively. SI results also employed WHR and modeled SBP and DBP with r = 0.852 and r = 0.663, respectively. RI did not correlate either with SBP or DBP. In order to avoid the use of ultrasound techniques to measure PWV, we then developed a custom-built system to measure PWV by photoplethysmography and validated it against the Pulse Trace. With the same equipment we conducted a second pilot study with ten healthy volunteers. The best SBP multiple regression model for SBP achieved r = 0.997 by considering the heart-finger PWV (hfPWV measured between R-wave and index finger), WHR and heart rate. Only WHR was significant in the DBP model. Our findings suggest that the hfPWV photoplethysmography signal could be a reliable estimator of approximate SBP and could be used, for example, to monitor cardiac patients during physical exercise sessions in cardiac rehabilitation. C1 [Berjano, Enrique J.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Padilla, Juan M.; Berjano, Enrique J.; Saiz, Javier; Rodriguez, Rafael] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Res & Innovat Bioengn 13BH, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Padilla, Juan M.] Inst Tecnol Morelia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Facila, Lorenzo] Hosp Provincial Castellon, Dept Cardiol, Valencia, Spain. RP Berjano, EJ, Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia 46022, Spain. EM eberjano@eln.upv.es FU Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain ; Merce V. Electromedicina ( Valencia, Spain) ; IMIDT-Programa de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico ; Instituto de la Mediana y Pequena Industria de la Comunidad Valenciana (IMPIVA) FX The translation of this paper was funded by the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain. This study was partially supported by Merce V. Electromedicina ( Valencia, Spain) and by "IMIDT-Programa de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico'' of the "Instituto de la Mediana y Pequena Industria de la Comunidad Valenciana (IMPIVA)''. 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Eng. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 9 IS 3 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.1007/s10558-009-9080-5 PG 9 SC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Engineering, Biomedical GA 495RA UT ISI:000269911500004 ER PT J AU Ayala, A Bashir, A Raya, A Sanchez, A AF Ayala, Alejandro Bashir, Adnan Raya, Alfredo Sanchez, Angel TI Chiral phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions with weak magnetic fields: Ring diagrams in the linear sigma model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; CATALYSIS AB Working in the linear sigma model with quarks, we compute the finite-temperature effective potential in the presence of a weak magnetic field, including the contribution of the pion ring diagrams and considering the sigma as a classical field. In the approximation where the pion self-energy is computed perturbatively, we show that there is a region of the parameter space where the effect of the ring diagrams is to preclude the phase transition from happening. Inclusion of the magnetic field has small effects that however become more important as the system evolves to the lowest temperatures allowed in the analysis. C1 [Ayala, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ayala, Alejandro; Bashir, Adnan; Raya, Alfredo; Sanchez, Angel] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ayala, Alejandro] CBPF DCP, Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Ayala, A, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Apartado Postal 70-543, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. FU CNPq ; DGAPA-UNAM [IN116008]; COECyT ; CIC ; CONACyT FX A. A. wishes to thank the kind hospitality of both faculty and staff in IFM-UMSNH and CBPF during sabbatical visits and the financial support of CNPq, and DGAPA-UNAM under PAPIIT Grant No. IN116008. A. B. and A. R. acknowledge COECyT, CIC and CONACyT grants. A. S. acknowledges a CONACyT postdoctoral grant. 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Rev. D PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 3 AR 036005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.036005 PG 9 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 492FU UT ISI:000269641100097 ER PT J AU Corichi, A Singh, P AF Corichi, Alejandro Singh, Parampreet TI Geometric perspective on singularity resolution and uniqueness in loop quantum cosmology SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We reexamine the issue of singularity resolution in homogeneous loop quantum cosmology from the perspective of geometrical entities such as expansion rate and the shear scalar. These quantities are very reliable measures of the properties of spacetime and can be defined not only at the classical and effective level, but also at an operator level in the quantum theory. From their behavior in the effective constraint surface and in the effective loop quantum spacetime, we show that one can severely restrict the ambiguities in regularization of the quantum constraint and rule out unphysical choices. We analyze this in the flat isotropic model and the Bianchi-I spacetimes. In the former case we show that the expansion rate is absolutely bounded only for the so-called improved quantization, a result which synergizes with uniqueness of this quantization as proved earlier. Surprisingly, for the Bianchi-I spacetime, we show that out of the available choices, the expansion rate and shear are bounded for only one regularization of the quantum constraint. It turns out that only for this choice, the theory exhibits quantum gravity corrections at a unique scale, and is physically viable. C1 [Corichi, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Unidad Morelia, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Corichi, Alejandro] Penn State Univ, Ctr Fundamental Theory, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Singh, Parampreet] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. RP Corichi, A, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Unidad Morelia, UNAM Campus Morelia,A Postal 61-3, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. EM corichi@matmor.unam.mx psingh@perimeterinstitute.ca FU CONACyT [U47857-F]; National Science Foundation NSF [PHY04-56913]; Eberly Research Funds of Penn State ; Government of Canada through Industry Canada ; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation FX We would like to thank Abhay Ashtekar and Guillermo Mena for discussions. This work was in part supported by CONACyT Grant No. U47857-F, by National Science Foundation NSF PHY04-56913, and by the Eberly Research Funds of Penn State. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. 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Rev. D PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 AR 044024 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.044024 PG 10 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 492FX UT ISI:000269641400070 ER PT J AU Bashir, A Concha-Sanchez, Y Delbourgo, R Tejeda-Yeomans, ME AF Bashir, A. Concha-Sanchez, Y. Delbourgo, R. Tejeda-Yeomans, M. E. TI Compton scattering vertex for massive scalar QED SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FEYNMAN-INTEGRALS; QCD CORRECTIONS; WARD IDENTITY; ONE-LOOP; DIAGRAMS; GAUGE AB We investigate the Compton scattering vertex of charged scalars and photons in scalar quantum electrodynamics (SQED). We carry out its nonperturbative construction consistent with Ward-Fradkin-Green-Takahashi identity which relates 3-point vertices to the 4-point ones. There is an undetermined part which is transverse to one or both the external photons, and needs to be evaluated through perturbation theory. We present in detail how the transverse part at the 1-loop order can be evaluated for completely general kinematics of momenta involved in covariant gauges and dimensions. This involves the calculation of genuine 4-point functions with three massive propagators, the most nontrivial integrals reported in this paper. We also discuss possible applications of our results. C1 [Bashir, A.; Concha-Sanchez, Y.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. [Delbourgo, R.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Tejeda-Yeomans, M. E.] Univ Sonora, Dept Fis, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. RP Bashir, A, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Apartado Postal 2-82, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Rev. D PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 AR 045007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.045007 PG 15 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 492FX UT ISI:000269641400090 ER PT J AU Banerjee, R Vazquez-Semadeni, E Hennebelle, P Klessen, RS AF Banerjee, R. Vazquez-Semadeni, E. Hennebelle, P. Klessen, R. S. TI Clump morphology and evolution in MHD simulations of molecular cloud formation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE MHD; methods: numerical; ISM: clouds; ISM: evolution ID THERMALLY BISTABLE FLOW; INTERSTELLAR ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; STAR-FORMATION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; DYNAMICAL CONDENSATION; AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION; GAS; COLLAPSE; INSTABILITY; TURBULENCE AB We study the properties of clumps formed in three-dimensional weakly magnetized magnetohydrodynamic simulations of converging flows in the thermally bistable, warm neutral medium (WNM). We find the following. (1) Similarly to the situation in the classical two-phase medium, cold, dense clumps form through dynamically triggered thermal instability in the compressed layer between the convergent flows, and are often characterized by a sharp density jump at their boundaries though not always. (2) However, the clumps are bounded by phase-transition fronts rather than by contact discontinuities, and thus they grow in size and mass mainly by accretion of WNM material through their boundaries. (3) The clump boundaries generally consist of thin layers of thermally unstable gas, but these layers are often widened by the turbulence, and penetrate deep into the clumps. (4) The clumps are approximately in both ram and thermal pressure balance with their surroundings, a condition which causes their internal Mach numbers to be comparable to the bulk Mach number of the colliding WNM flows. (5) The clumps typically have mean temperatures 20 less than or similar to < T > less than or similar to 50 K, corresponding to the wide range of densities they contain (20 less than or similar to n less than or similar to 5000 cm(-3)) under a nearly isothermal equation of state. (6) The turbulent ram pressure fluctuations of the WNM induce density fluctuations that then serve as seeds for local gravitational collapse within the clumps. (7) The velocity and magnetic fields tend to be aligned with each other within the clumps, although both are significantly fluctuating, suggesting that the velocity tends to stretch and align the magnetic field with it. (8) The typical mean field strength in the clumps is a few times larger than that in the WNM. (9) The magnetic field strength in the densest regions within the clumps (n similar to 10(4) cm(-3)) has a mean value of B similar to 6 mu G but with a large scatter of nearly two orders of magnitude, implying that both sub-and supercritical cores are formed in the simulation. (10) In the final stages of the evolution, the clumps' growth drives them into gravitational instability, at which point star formation sets in, and the pressure in the clumps' centres increases even further. C1 [Banerjee, R.; Klessen, R. S.] Univ Heidelberg, Inst Theoret Astrophys, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Vazquez-Semadeni, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CRyA, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Hennebelle, P.] Ecole Normale Super & Observ, CNRS, Lab Radioastron Millimetr, UMR 8112, F-75231 Paris 05, France. RP Banerjee, R, Univ Heidelberg, Inst Theoret Astrophys, Zentrum Astron, Albert Ueberle Str 2, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. EM banerjee@ita.uni-heidelberg.de FU DFG [BA 3607/1-1]; CONACYT [U47366-F]; Emmy Noether [KL 1358/1, KL 1358/4, KL 1358/5]; FRONTIER grant of Heidelberg University ; German Excellence Initiative ; Federal Ministry of Education and Research via [17EcCZXd] FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments and suggestions on our work which helped to improve this paper. The FLASH code was developed in part by the DOE-supported Alliances Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes (ASC) at the University of Chicago. Our simulations were carried out on the Cluster Platform 4000 (KanBalam) at DGSCA-UNAM and at the Leibniz Rechenzentrum, Garching. RB is funded by the DFG under the grant BA 3607/1-1. EV-S acknowledges financial support from CONACYT grant U47366-F. RSK thanks for subsidies from the German Science Foundation (DFG) under Emmy Noether grant KL 1358/1 and grants KL 1358/4 and KL 1358/5. This work was supported in part by a FRONTIER grant of Heidelberg University sponsored by the German Excellence Initiative, as well as by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research via grant 17EcCZXd. 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 21 PY 2009 VL 398 IS 3 BP 1082 EP 1092 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15115.x PG 11 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 493JB UT ISI:000269731500003 ER PT J AU Dib, S Walcher, CJ Heyer, M Audit, E Loinard, L AF Dib, Sami Walcher, C. Jakob Heyer, Mark Audit, Edouard Loinard, Laurent TI The orientations of molecular clouds in the outer Galaxy: evidence for the scale of the turbulence driver? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE turbulence; ISM: bubbles; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure ID SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; STAR-FORMING REGION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; VELOCITY DISPERSION; HI HOLES; GALACTIC TURBULENCE; SPIRAL SHOCKS; HOLMBERG-II; MILKY-WAY; DISKS AB Supernova (SN) explosions inject a considerable amount of energy into the interstellar medium (ISM) in regions with high-to-moderate star formation rates. In order to assess whether the driving of turbulence by supernovae is also important in the outer Galactic disc, where the star formation rates are lower, we study the spatial distribution of molecular cloud (MC) inclinations with respect to the Galactic plane. The latter contains important information on the nature of the mechanism of energy injection into the ISM. We analyse the spatial correlations between the position angles (PAs) of a selected sample of MCs (the largest clouds in the catalogue of the outer Galaxy published by Heyer et al). Our results show that when the PAs of the clouds are all mapped to values into the [0 degrees, 90 degrees] interval, there is a significant degree of spatial correlation between the PAs on spatial scales in the range of 100-800 pc. These scales are of the order of the sizes of individual SN shells in low-density environments such as those prevailing in the outer Galaxy and where the metallicity of the ambient gas is of the order of the solar value or smaller. These findings suggest that individual SN explosions, occurring in the outer regions of the Galaxy and in likewise spiral galaxies, albeit at lower rates, continue to play an important role in shaping the structure and dynamics of the ISM in those regions. The SN explosions we postulate here are likely associated with the existence of young stellar clusters in the far outer regions of the Galaxy and the ultraviolet emission and low levels of star formation observed with the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) satellite in the outer regions of local galaxies. C1 [Dib, Sami; Audit, Edouard] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Walcher, C. Jakob] European Space Agcy, Res & Sci Support Dept, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Heyer, Mark] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Loinard, Laurent] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Dib, S, CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM sami.dib@cea.fr FU MAGNET of the ANR FX We thank the referee for constructive and helpful comments and Maheswar Gopinathan for useful discussion. SD is supported by the project MAGNET of the ANR and is grateful for the hospitality of the ESA/RSSD space science faculty during his visit to Noordwijk. 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 21 PY 2009 VL 398 IS 3 BP 1201 EP 1206 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15201.x PG 6 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 493JB UT ISI:000269731500011 ER PT J AU Esparza, R Rosas, G Valenzuela, E Gamboa, SA Pal, U Perez, R AF Esparza, R. Rosas, G. Valenzuela, E. Gamboa, S. A. Pal, U. Perez, R. TI Structural analysis and shape-dependent catalytic activity of Au, Pt and Au/Pt nanoparticles SO MATERIA-RIO DE JANEIRO LA English DT Article DE gold; platinum; nanoparticles; chemical reduction synthesis; electron microscopy; structural determination; electrochemical characterization ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; FILMS; METAL AB Metallic nanoparticles of Au, Pt and Pt/Au have been synthesized using a chemical reduction approach. The structural characterization of these metallic nanoparticles has been carried out using conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. HR-TEM images of Pt nanoparticles reveal their fcc-like structures, in the [103] and [011] orientations. However, in case of Au, the main structures are fcc-like and decahedral morphologies with five-fold symmetry axes. The structure of the gold nanoparticles was verified through their theoretically-simulated images, using a multislice approach of the dynamical theory of electron diffraction. These small particles have been used as electrocatalysts in Nafion membranes for fuel cell applications. The electrochemical characterization of the membranes shows that the Pt dispersion gives best performance for fuel cell applications. C1 [Esparza, R.; Perez, R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico. [Rosas, G.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Valenzuela, E.; Gamboa, S. A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Energia, Temixco 62580, Morelos, Mexico. [Pal, U.] Univ Autonoma Puebla, Inst Fis, Puebla 72570, Mexico. RP Esparza, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, POB 48-3, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico. EM resparza@ce.fis.unam.mx grtrejo@jupiter.umich.mx eevm@cie.unam.mx sags@cie.unam.mx upal@sirio.ifuap.buap.mx ramiro@fis.unam.mx CR BRONSTEIN LM, 2000, LANGMUIR, V16, P3626 BRUS LE, 1983, J CHEM PHYS, V79, P5566 CAROTENUTO G, 2003, ENCY POLYM SCI TECHN CHOI SH, 2005, CATAL LETT, V105, P59, DOI 10.1007/s10562-005-8006-0 COWLEY JM, 1957, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR, V10, P609 DELEON AG, 2000, APPL OPTICS, V39, P4847 DIRIX Y, 1999, APPL OPTICS, V38, P6581 ESPARZA R, 2005, J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO, V5, P641, DOI 10.1166/jnn.2005.R074 ESPARZA R, 2007, MATER CHARACT, V58, P694, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2006.11.032 FENDLER JH, 1987, CHEM REV, V87, P877 GOMEZ A, 2001, REV LATINOAM METAL M, V21, P46 GROSSO D, 2007, NAT MATER, V6, P572, DOI 10.1038/nmat1950 HENGLEIN A, 1989, CHEM REV, V89, P1861 JOSEYACAMAN M, 2001, J VAC SCI TECHNOL B, V19, P1091 LU AH, 1997, J PHYS CHEM B, V101, P9139 MAMALIS AG, 2007, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V181, P52, DOI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.052 NEERGAT M, 2001, J APPL ELECTROCHEM, V31, P373 SEO JT, 2003, PHYSICA E, V17, P101, DOI 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)00714-2 SHALAEV VM, 1998, NANOSTRUCTURED MAT C VALENZUELAMONDA.E, 2006, THESIS UNAM MEXICO XING XP, 2005, PHYS REV B, V72, ARTN 081405 NR 21 TC 0 PU UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO, LAB HIDROGENIO PI RIO DE JANEIRO RJ PA CIDADE UNIV, ILHA DO FUNDAO, BLOCO I 2000, S L I 146, RIO DE JANEIRO RJ, CEP21941-972, BRAZIL SN 1517-7076 J9 MATERIA JI Materia PY 2008 VL 13 IS 4 BP 579 EP 586 PG 8 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 494SN UT ISI:000269837000002 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Diaz, RA Suarez, M Juarez-Islas, J Garnica-Romo, MG Arenas-Alatorre, J Colin, J AF Rodriguez-Diaz, R. A. Suarez, M. Juarez-Islas, J. Garnica-Romo, M. G. Arenas-Alatorre, J. Colin, J. TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of rapidly solidified FeAlCr intermetallic compound SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rapid-solidification; melt-spun-ribbons; microstructure; mechanical properties; porous ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; IRON ALUMINIDES; CORROSION; ALLOYS AB In this work results regarding microstructural characterization of a melt-spun intermetallic compound Fe40Al5Cr (% at.) produced by rapid solidification employing the melt spinning technique at three different tangential wheel speeds (12, 16 and 20 ms(-1)) are presented. Melt spun ribbons were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to observe morphology, grain size, ribbon thickness and also fracture surfaces after tensile tests. EDS coupled to SEM was employed to perform punctual and scan line chemical analyses on samples, x-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to identify crystal structure and phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to confirm crystal structure and also to characterize nanopores formed in the specimens by vacancy clustering. With regard to mechanical properties, micro hardness Vickers measurements as well as tensile tests at room temperature were applied to the rapidly solidified ribbons. The grain size of rapidly solidified Fe40Al5Cr ribbons suffered a drastic reduction as compared with alloys of the same composition produced by conventional melting and casting methods, and in melt-spun ribbons it decreases as the wheel speed increases. Punctual and line-scanning chemical analyses revealed that Cr enters in solid solution in FeAl matrix. Hardness measurements revealed a softening in rapidly solidified FeAlCr ribbons as compared with FeAl alloys and tensile test exhibited a (transgranular + intergranular) mode of fracture, reaching up to 3 % of elongation in FeAlCr alloys. The presence of porous (meso and nano) were also characterized. C1 [Rodriguez-Diaz, R. A.; Suarez, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept Ingn Met, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Diaz, R. A.; Juarez-Islas, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Garnica-Romo, M. G.] UMSNH, Fac Ingn Civil, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Arenas-Alatorre, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Colin, J.] Univ Autonoma Estado Morelos, Fac Ciencias Quim, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico. RP Rodriguez-Diaz, RA, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept Ingn Met, Circuito Inst S-N Edificio D,Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rardiaz@iim.unam.mx FU CONACYT-Mexico FX This work was supported by CONACYT-Mexico. The authors also acknowledge the contribution of Techs. A. Maciel, S. Garcia, L. Bahos Lopez, C. Flores Morales, E. Sanchez Colin, R. Hernandez, A. Flores during the experimental work. 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PD AUG PY 2009 VL 7 IS 2 BP 233 EP 244 PG 12 SC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic GA 493FP UT ISI:000269720500010 ER PT J AU Stoner, KE Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA AF Stoner, Kathryn E. Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo TI Ecology and regeneration of tropical dry forests in the Americas: Implications for management SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE Tropical dry forest; Management policies; Regeneration; Social drivers of land use ID RESTORATION; FRAGMENTATION AB Dry forests represent the most endangered ecosystem in tropical regions and continue to be one of the most sought after environments for human colonization, development and production. In spite of this, dry forests are one of the least well studied tropical habitats. This special issue is dedicated to reviewing much of the information that exists about tropical dry forest in the Americas. The introduction summarizes the articles presented herein, highlighting management strategies that are suggested throughout the special issue that may be useful for conserving tropical dry forest environments. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stoner, Kathryn E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIEco, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, CEOS, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Stoner, KE, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIEco, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. 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SI BP 903 EP 906 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.019 PG 4 SC Forestry GA 495ES UT ISI:000269874000001 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA Quesada, M Cuevas-Reyes, P Castillo, A Sanchez-Montoya, G AF Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo Quesada, Mauricio Cuevas-Reyes, Pablo Castillo, Alicia Sanchez-Montoya, Gumersindo TI Land cover and conservation in the area of influence of the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Mexico SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Dry forests; Land cover; Remote sensing; Conservation of dry forests; Management of dry forests ID TROPICAL DRY FOREST; GALL-INDUCING INSECTS; FLORISTIC DIVERSITY; JALISCO; FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT; CONSEQUENCES; BIODIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; SERVICES AB Tropical deforestation and habitat fragmentation in areas around conservation areas have been an important element for discussion in the conservation and policy-making community. In this paper, we evaluate land cover change processes around one of the most important tropical dry forest reserves in the Americas: the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. The analysis is conducted at three scales: regional scale (coast of the State of Jalisco), proximity to the reserve (via a 30-km buffer zone analysis), and inside the Biosphere Reserve. The proximity analysis is complemented by a unique data set that represents the extent and boundaries of Ejidos (local land management units) in the region. Results indicate that areas surrounding the reserve have low deforestation, with Ejidos and buffer areas having more forest cover as they get closer to the reserve. The nature of this important phenomenon is discussed in the context of the socio-economic conditions of the local communities. Our work suggests that the creation of a network of "Ejidos' Conservation Areas", in the context of an approach that will recognize payments for environmental services provided to local communities, could contribute to the conservation and maintenance of the rich biodiversity in a region that has one of the highest levels of endemism in the world. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Earth Observat Syst Lab, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Quesada, Mauricio; Castillo, Alicia; Sanchez-Montoya, Gumersindo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Cuevas-Reyes, Pablo] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Ecol Interacc Biot, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA, Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Earth Observat Syst Lab, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. EM arturo.sanchez@ualberta.ca FU Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) CRN II [021]; US National Science Foundation [GEO-0452325]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexio (CONACYT) [31826-N, U50863Q, 2002-C01-0597]; Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico, at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [IN221305, IN304308] FX We are deeply grateful to Woody Turner (NASA Headquarters) for his support in obtaining access to the ASTER data. This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) CRN II # 021, which Is supported by the US National Science Foundation (Grant GEO-0452325) and by grants from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexio (CONACYT 31826-N, U50863Q, and MABOTRO 2002-C01-0597) and the Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico, at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, (grants # IN221305 and IN304308). Logistical from and Mei Mei Chong who helped with the different land cover analyses conducted in this study is acknowledged. We also thank the comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers. 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Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 5 PY 2009 VL 258 IS 6 SI Sp. Iss. SI BP 907 EP 912 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.10.030 PG 6 SC Forestry GA 495ES UT ISI:000269874000002 ER PT J AU Avila-Cabadilla, LD Stoner, KE Henry, M Anorve, MYA AF Daniel Avila-Cabadilla, Luis Elizabeth Stoner, Kathryn Henry, Mickael Alvarez Anorve, Mariana Yolotl TI Composition, structure and diversity of phyllostomid bat assemblages in different successional stages of a tropical dry forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Phyllostomid bat assemblage; Succession; Tropical dry forest; Secondary forest ID SPECIES ACCUMULATION CURVES; RAIN-FOREST; FRENCH-GUIANA; LOS-TUXTLAS; NATURAL REGENERATION; FRUGIVOROUS BATS; ATLANTIC FOREST; HABITAT; MEXICO; LANDSCAPE AB Studies on successional dynamics in tropical systems have mostly focused on plant communities and mainly have been conducted in tropical humid areas. Here, we document changes in the structure of bat assemblages among secondary successional stages of a neotropical dry forest. We specifically focused on the speciose phyllostomid bat family, comprising most of the foraging guilds found among neotropical bats, including nectarivores and frugivores that play important roles in processes of plant reproduction and forest regeneration. To investigate bat species richness, diversity and abundance during successionnal processes, we mist-netted bat assemblages in 12 sites belonging to 4 different successional stages, namely pastures (0 yrs), early (3-5 yrs), intermediate (8-12 yrs) and late successional stage (>50 yrs). A capture effort of 142 nights using five mist-nets per night yielded 606 phyllostomid bats belonging to 16 species. Late stage was the most speciose sustaining all species found in the study (16 species against 9 for early and intermediate stages and 4 in pastures), and was the only environment where rare species occurred. Species found within any one successional stage were a combination of species found at the previous stage plus additional ones. This additive pattern appeared to be driven by the natural abundance of species, as the abundant species were found across more succesisonal stages than rarer species. Bats were significantly less speciose and less abundant in pastures, regardless of the foraging guild. Bat diversity and abundance did not differ significantly among early, intermediate and late stages. However, nectarivores were more abundant in early compared to late stage, probably as a consequence of differences in patterns of food availability. We conclude that areas of forest, recognized as late stage in our study, are the most important reservoirs of species richness. Secondary vegetation also contains diverse bat assemblages, while pastures only harbour a few abundant and vagile species occasionally crossing this habitat. We suggest that land-use regulations in this region focus on maintaining connectivity of a mosaic of areas of secondary and mature vegetation to insure the conservation of bat diversity as well as their important ecological interactions. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Daniel Avila-Cabadilla, Luis; Elizabeth Stoner, Kathryn; Henry, Mickael; Alvarez Anorve, Mariana Yolotl] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Avila-Cabadilla, LD, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Apartado Postal 27-3 Xangari, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ldavila@oikos.unam.mx kstoner@oikos.unam.mx FU SEMARNAT-CONACyT, Mexico [2002-C01-0597, CB-2005-51043]; Interamerican Institute of Climatic Change [Tropi-Dry-CRN2-21]; Direccion General de Estudios de Posgrado (UNAM) ; Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, UNAM, Mexico FX We thank the Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas and the Estacion de Biolog a Chamela of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) for logistical support. Financial support was provided by SEMARNAT-CONACyT, Mexico (Grants 2002-C01-0597 and CB-2005-51043) and the Interamerican Institute of Climatic Change (Tropi-Dry-CRN2-21). Luis Avila-Cabadilla obtained a scholarship from the Direccion General de Estudios de Posgrado (UNAM), as part of the Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, UNAM, Mexico. We would like to thank M. Martinez-Ramos, M. Quesada, A. Sanchez-Azofeifa, P. Balvanera, J. Benitez- Malvido and G. Herrera-Montalvo for valuable information and ideas that allowed the development of this project. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions on a previous version of this manuscript. Fieldwork was largely performed thanks to the help of K.A. Oceguera-Salazar, C.I. Garcia Leal, A. Jasso de la Rosa, J.A. Marquez Juarez, O. Sanchez-Lieja, A Tovar, E. Zaragoza and R. Sayago, among others. We are grateful for the technical assistance provided by E. Castro, H. Ferreira, M. Lobato-Garcia, J. Mendez, G. Sanchez-Montoya, A. Valencia-Garcia and G. Verduzco. We especially would like to thank to M. Gargollo who allowed us to work on her property. 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Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 5 PY 2009 VL 258 IS 6 SI Sp. Iss. SI BP 986 EP 996 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.12.011 PG 11 SC Forestry GA 495ES UT ISI:000269874000011 ER PT J AU Quesada, M Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA Alvarez-Anorve, M Stoner, KE Avila-Cabadilla, L Calvo-Alvarado, J Castillo, A Espirito-Santo, MM Fagundes, M Fernandes, GW Gamon, J Lopezaraiza-Mikel, M Lawrence, D Morellato, LPC Powers, JS Neves, FD Rosas-Guerrero, V Sayago, R Sanchez-Montoya, G AF Quesada, Mauricio Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo Alvarez-Anorve, Mariana Stoner, Kathryn E. Avila-Cabadilla, Luis Calvo-Alvarado, Julio Castillo, Alicia Espirito-Santo, Mario M. Fagundes, Marcilio Fernandes, Geraldo W. Gamon, John Lopezaraiza-Mikel, Martha Lawrence, Deborah Cerdeira Morellato, Leonor Patricia Powers, Jennifer S. Neves, Frederico de S. Rosas-Guerrero, Victor Sayago, Roberto Sanchez-Montoya, Gumersindo TI Succession and management of tropical dry forests in the Americas: Review and new perspectives SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Tropical dry forest; Forest conservation; Forest management; Tropical succession; Plant phenology; Pollination webs; Seed dispersal; Socio-ecosystems; Cyberinfrastructure; Eco-informatics ID ANIMAL MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; TREE PACHIRA-QUINATA; SOUTH-EASTERN BRAZIL; OLD FIELD SUCCESSION; SET-ASIDE FIELDS; MOUNT ST-HELENS; RAIN-FOREST; DECIDUOUS FOREST; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; PLANT SUCCESSION AB Understanding tropical forest succession is critical for the development of tropical forest conservation strategies worldwide, given that tropical secondary forests can be considered the forests of the future. Tropical dry forests (TDF) are among the most threatened tropical ecosystems, there are more secondary forests and forest restoration efforts that require a better understanding of successional processes. The main goal of this synthesis for this special issue on the ecology and management of tropical dry forests in the Americas is to present a summarized review of the current knowledge of the ecology and management implications associated to TDF succession. We explore specific issues associated to tropical dry forest succession with emphasis on the use of chronosequences, plant diversity and composition, plant phenology and remote sensing, pollination, and animal-plant interactions; all under the integrating umbrella of ecosystem succession. We also emphasize the need to conduct socio-ecological research to understand changes in land-use history and its effects on succession and forest regeneration of TDF. We close this paper with some thoughts and ideas associated with the strong need for an integrating dimension not considered until today: the role of cyberinfrastructure and eco-informatics as a tool to support sound conservation, management and understanding of TDF in the Americas. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Quesada, Mauricio; Alvarez-Anorve, Mariana; Stoner, Kathryn E.; Avila-Cabadilla, Luis; Castillo, Alicia; Lopezaraiza-Mikel, Martha; Rosas-Guerrero, Victor; Sayago, Roberto; Sanchez-Montoya, Gumersindo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo; Gamon, John] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Calvo-Alvarado, Julio] Inst Tecnol Costa Rica, Escuela Ingn Forestal, Cartago, Costa Rica. [Espirito-Santo, Mario M.; Fagundes, Marcilio; Neves, Frederico de S.] Univ Estadual Montes Claros, CCBS, Dept Biol Geral, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. [Fernandes, Geraldo W.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Lawrence, Deborah] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Cerdeira Morellato, Leonor Patricia] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Dept Bot, IB, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Quesada, M, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Apartado Postal 27-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM mquesada@oikos.unam.mx FU Fapemig, Brasil ; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) CRN II [021]; US National Science Foundation [GEO-0452325]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico [CONACYT31826-N, U50863Q, 2002-C01-0597, 2002-C010544]; Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [IN221305, IN304308]; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC-Discovery) FX This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from Fapemig, Brasil to MMES, the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) CRN II # 021, which is supported by the US National Science Foundation (Grant GEO-0452325) and by grants from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico (CONACYT31826-N, U50863Q; SEMARNAT-CONACyT 2002-C01-0597 and 2002-C010544; and CONACyT sabbatical fellowships to MQ and KS) and the Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (grants # IN221305 and IN304308) and The National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC-Discovery) for ASA. Logistical support from Mei Mei Chong, Heberto Ferreira and Alberto Valencia to this study is acknowledged. We also thank the comments and suggestions from Dr. Fredericksen and two anonymous reviewers. 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Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 5 PY 2009 VL 258 IS 6 SI Sp. Iss. SI BP 1014 EP 1024 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.06.023 PG 11 SC Forestry GA 495ES UT ISI:000269874000013 ER PT J AU Garcia, AZ Coyotzin, CM Amaro, AR Veneroni, DL Martinez, LC Iglesias, GS AF Zambrano Garcia, A. Medina Coyotzin, C. Rojas Amaro, A. Lopez Veneroni, D. Chang Martinez, L. Sosa Iglesias, G. TI Distribution and sources of bioaccumulative air pollutants at Mezquital Valley, Mexico, as reflected by the atmospheric plant Tillandsia recurvata L. SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WASTE-WATER IRRIGATION; NITROGEN ISOTOPE VARIATIONS; N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; USNEOIDES L.; EPIPHYTIC BROMELIADS; STABLE NITROGEN; POLLUTION; CARBON; DEPOSITION; BIOMONITORS AB Mezquital Valley (MV), a Mexican wastewater-based agricultural and industrial region, is a "hot spot" of regulated air pollutants emissions, but the concurrent unregulated ones, like hazardous metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), remain undocumented. A biomonitoring survey with the epiphytic Tillandsia recurvata was conducted there to detect spatial patterns and potential sources of 20 airborne elements and 15 PAH. The natural delta C-13 and delta N-15 ratios of this plant helped in source identification. The regional mean concentration of most elements was two (Cr) to over 40 times (Ni, Pb, V) higher than reported for Tillandsia in other countries. Eleven elements, pyrene and chrysene had 18-214% higher mean concentration at the industrial south than at the agricultural north of MV. The total quantified PAH (mean, 572 ng g(-1); range, 143-2568) were composed by medium (65%, phenanthrene to chrysene), low (28%, naphthalene to fluorene) and high molecular weight compounds (7%, Benzo(b) fluoranthene to indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene). The delta C-13 (mean, -14.6 parts per thousand; range, -15.7 parts per thousand to -13.7 parts per thousand) was consistently lower than -15% near the major petroleum combustion sources. The delta N-15 (mean, -3.0 parts per thousand; range, -9.9 parts per thousand to 3.3 parts per thousand) varied from positive at agriculture/industrial areas to negative at rural sites. Factor analysis provided a five-factor solution for 74% of the data variance: 1) crustal rocks, 39.5% (Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Sr, Ti); 2) soils, 11.3%, contrasting contributions from natural (Mg, Mn, Zn) and saline agriculture soils (Na); 3) cement production and fossil fuel combustion, 9.8% (Ca, Ni, V, chrysene, pyrene); 4) probable agricultural biomass burning, 8.1% (K and benzo(g, h, i) perylene), and 5) agriculture with wastewater, 5.2% (delta N-15 and P). These results indicated high deposition of bioaccumulative air pollutants at MV, especially at the industrial area. Since T. recurvata reflected the regional differences in exposition, it is recommended as a biomonitor for comparisons within and among countries where it is distributed: southern USA to Argentina. C1 [Zambrano Garcia, A.; Medina Coyotzin, C.; Rojas Amaro, A.; Lopez Veneroni, D.; Sosa Iglesias, G.] Inst Mexicano Petr, Direcc Ejecut Invest & Posgrado, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. [Chang Martinez, L.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Garcia, AZ, Inst Mexicano Petr, Direcc Ejecut Invest & Posgrado, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. EM azambran@imp.mx FU Mexican Oil Company [F. 21393]; Mexican Petroleum Institute [D. 00391] FX This study was funded by the Mexican Oil Company (PEMEX, project F. 21393) and the Mexican Petroleum Institute (D. 00391), and conducted under the MILAGRO 2006 Mexico field campaign. We thank Marina Moran Pineda, executive of the IMP Gas Spectroscopy and Environmental Studies Laboratory, for logistical support; Ingrid Garcia Torres and Jose Rojas for assistance in the sample preparation process; Adolfo Espejo Serna and Ana Rosa Lopez Ferrari, with the Metropolitan University Herbarium at Mexico City, for taxonomical identification of our samples. We also express our gratitude to three anonymous reviewers, who greatly helped us to improve this work. 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Chem. Phys. PY 2009 VL 9 IS 17 BP 6479 EP 6494 PG 16 SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 493ZK UT ISI:000269778500014 ER PT J AU Santibanez-Lopez, CE Ponce-Saavedra, J AF Santibanez-Lopez, Carlos E. Ponce-Saavedra, Javier TI A new species of Centruroides (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from the northern mountain range of Oaxaca, Mexico SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA English DT Article DE scorpions; diversity; principal components analysis; multiple correlation analysis; one way analysis of variance AB Centruroides serrano sp. nov. from the Sierra Judrez of Oaxaca (Villa Alta District) is described. This is the eleventh species of the genus reported from Oaxaca and the first one reported from this area. It occurs from 500 in to 1 500 m. It is compared to C. baergi Hoffmann, 1932, C. nigrovariatus Pocock, 1898 and C. hoffmanni Armas, 1996 due to its overall similarity. To separate these 4 species, a principal component analysis was conducted. A list of the species of this genus from Oaxaca is provided. C1 [Santibanez-Lopez, Carlos E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ponce-Saavedra, Javier] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Entomol Biol Socrates Cisneros Paz, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Santibanez-Lopez, CE, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Apartado Postal 70-153, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM ironc81@hotmail.com FU Biological Sciences Graduate Program of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Teenologia (CONACyT, Mexico) FX We would like to thank Oscar Francke for the review of the manuscript and his support through these years. The senior author would like to thank Oscar Francke, Victor Jara, Alejandro Valdez, Hector Montaho and Alfonso Ballesteros who helped collect the specimens, to the Biological Sciences Graduate Program of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) and to the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Teenologia (CONACyT, Mexico) for financial support. Special thanks to the people of San Melchor Betaza and San Francisco Cajonos communities for their suggestions of some places to collect within their territories. Mayra Alcantara assisted in the edition of the fiaures. 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Mex. Biodivers. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 BP 321 EP 331 PG 11 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 492AW UT ISI:000269627300007 ER PT J AU Perez-Rodriguez, R de Leon, GPP Dominguez-Dominguez, O Doadrio, I AF Perez-Rodriguez, Rodolfo Perez-Ponce de Leon, Gerardo Dominguez-Dominguez, Omar Doadrio, Ignacio TI A new species of Algansea (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae) from the Ameca River basin, in Central Mexico SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA English DT Article DE Algansea amecae n. sp.; Cyprinidae; North America; central Mexico; morphological analysis; freshwater fishes ID PLATEAU; PISCES; FISHES AB A morphological comparative analysis was performed among different populations of the cyprinid Algansea tincella Valenciennes, 1844 from the Lerma-Chapala and Ameca River basins in central Mexico. A new species, Algansea amecae n. sp. is described from individuals collected from small tributary in the headwaters of the Ameca basin. The new species differs from Lerma-Chapala populations of A. tincella by having a lower number of transversal scales, a lower number of infraorbital pores, a prominent dark lateral stripe along the body, a black caudal spot extending onto the medial Caudal inter-radial membranes, and a pigmented ("dotted") lateral line. This new species increases the high level of endemism in the freshwater ichthyofauna of the Ameca basin. It appears to be most closely related to Populations in the Lerma-Chapala-Santiago system, as is the case for several other species in the Ameca basin. This pattern of relationship provides evidence for a historical connection between the 2 basins, and implies that a vicariance event led to the isolation of populations and a subsequent speciation event. Due to the limited distributional range of Algansea amecae n. sp. and the environmental deterioration of the Ameca River, we propose that this new species should be designated as a protected species under Mexican law. C1 [Perez-Rodriguez, Rodolfo; Perez-Ponce de Leon, Gerardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Dominguez-Dominguez, Omar] Univ Michoacana, Lab Biol Acuat, Fac Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Doadrio, Ignacio] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Perez-Rodriguez, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Ciudad Univ,Apartado Postal 70-153, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rperez@ibiologia.unam.mx FU Programa de Apoyo a Proyeetos de Investigacion e Inovacion Tecnologica [IN220605, IN209608]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [83043, 2006-12325/BOS] FX The authors wish to thank Carmen Loyola and Elba Romero Zavala, Instituto de Biologfa, UNAM for the photographs taken to specimens of the new species. We also thank Rogelio Rosas Valdez and Jaquelina Bravo Arteaga for their help during field work. This study was partially funded by the Programa de Apoyo a Proyeetos de Investigacion e Inovacion Tecnologica (PAPIIT-UNAM IN220605 and IN209608), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT (No. 83043)] to G.P.P.L., and by the project CGL 2006-12325/BOS to I.D. R.P.R. and O.D. were awared a scholarship by the CONACyT. CR BARBOUR CD, 1973, COPEIA, P533 BARBOUR CD, 1978, MISCELLANEOUS PUBLIC, P1 BARBOUR CD, 1994, COEPIA, P662 BURNABY TP, 1966, BIOMETRICS, V22, P96 CHERNOFF B, 1986, COPEIA, P170 DOADRIO I, 2004, MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL, V31, P416, DOI 10.1016/j.ympev.2003.08.022 DOMINGUEZDOMING.O, 2005, P 2 INT S LIV FISH, P505 DOMINGUEZDOMINGUEZ O, 2006, J BIOGEOGR, V33, P1437, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01526.x DOMINGUEZDOMINGUEZ O, 2007, GRAELLSIA, V63, P259 HAMMER O, 2001, PALAEONTOL ELECTRON, V4, P9 JENSEN RJ, 1981, SYST ZOOL, V30, P41 LOPEZLOPEZ E, 2001, J FRESHWATER ECOL, V16, P179 MILLER RR, 1986, AN ESC NAC CIENC BIO, V30, P121 MILLER RR, 1986, ZOOGEOGRAPHY N AM FR, P487 PARENTI LR, 1981, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V168, P335 ROHLF FJ, 1987, SYST ZOOL, V36, P356 WEBB SA, 2004, MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL, V30, P527, DOI 10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00257-4 NR 17 TC 0 PU INST BIOLOGIA, UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO PI MEXICO PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-233, MEXICO, D F 00000, MEXICO SN 1870-3453 J9 REV MEX BIODIVERS JI Rev. Mex. Biodivers. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 BP 483 EP 490 PG 8 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 492AW UT ISI:000269627300019 ER PT J AU Garibay-Orijel, R Martinez-Ramos, M Cifuentes, J AF Garibay-Orijel, Roberto Martinez-Ramos, Miguel Cifuentes, Joaquin TI Edible mushroom sporocarp availability in pine-oak forests in Ixtlan de Juarez, Oaxaca SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA Spanish DT Article DE productivity; wild edible mushrooms; non timber forest products; sustainable management; ecological importance index ID DIVERSITY; SWITZERLAND; MACROFUNGI; HARVESTS; OREGON; MEXICO AB Wild edible mushrooms are non timber forest products whose sustainable use must have an ecological basis. In this work, we measured the availability of 81 edible mushrooms by means of their abundance, frequency, biomass production, temporal and spatial distribution of their fruiting bodies. These variables were integrated into an ecological importance index (IV) which describes sporome availability in the forest. The research was carried out during 2001 and 2002 in the Pinus-Quercus forests of Ixtlan de Juarez, Oaxaca. The most abundant species were Laccaria laccata var. pallidifolia, Gymnopus confluens and Laccaria vinaceobrunnea. Laccaria laccata var. pallidifolia was the most productive species with an estimated total productivity of 2.21 Kg/sampling site. Only G. confluens and G. dryophilus were observed in all sampling dates, from June to October. Species with the highest total availability were L. laccata var. pallidifolia, G. confluens, L. vinaceobrunnea and H. purpurascens. In the communal property of Ixtlan, wild edible mushroom diversity is high (96 species); however, their availability is heterogeneous (from L. laccata var. pallidifolia IV = 0.7905, to Helvella infula IV = 0.0055). Within the forest, between sites relatively close to one another, species composition was different and their abundance and productivity were contrasting. C1 [Garibay-Orijel, Roberto] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Bot, Lab Sistemat Ecol & Aprovechamiento Micorrizas, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Martinez-Ramos, Miguel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIECO, Lab Ecol Poblac & Comunidades Trop, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Cifuentes, Joaquin] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Secc Micol, Herbario FCME, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Garibay-Orijel, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Bot, Lab Sistemat Ecol & Aprovechamiento Micorrizas, Circuito Exterior S-N,Ciudad Univ,Apartado Postal, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rgaribay@ibunam2.ibiologia.unam.mx CR *SAS I, 2005, JMP 6 0 0 AMARANTHUS M, 1996, MANAGING FOREST ECOS, P42 BANDALA VM, 1997, MYCOLOGY SUSTAINABLE, P77 BOA E, 2004, HONGOS SILVESTRES CO CURTIS JT, 1951, ECOLOGY, V32, P476 DIGHTON J, 2003, FUNGI ECOSYSTEM PROC EGLI S, 2006, BIOL CONSERV, V129, P271, DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.042 FLORES A, 1999, SOC NATURALEZA OAXAC, V3, P7 GARIBAYORIJEL R, HACIA DESARROLLO SOS, V21 GARIBAYORIJEL R, 2006, FUNGAL DIVERS, V21, P41 GARIBAYORIJEL R, 2006, THESIS U NACL AUTONO GARIBAYORIJEL R, 2007, J ETHNOBIOLOGY ETHNO, V3, P4 HORTON TR, 2001, MOL ECOL, V10, P1855 IWABUCHI S, 1994, MYCOSCIENCE, V35, P1 LUOMA D, 1994, MANAGING FOREST ECOS, P27 MARTIN OM, 2005, SUPRAMOL CHEM, V17, P9 MARTINEZCARRERA D, 2002, MICOLOGIA APLICADA I, V14, P25 MCALEECE N, 1997, BIODIVERSITY PROFESS MEHUS H, 1986, NORD J BOT, V6, P679 MONTOYA A, 2005, THESIS UNAM MEXICO ODELL T, 1994, MANAGING FOREST ECOS, P5 OHENOJA E, 1982, ARTIC ALPINE MYCOLOG, P371 PIELOU EC, 1984, INTERPRETATION ECOLO PILZ D, 1998, AMBIO SPECIAL REPORT, V9, P8 PILZ D, 1999, J FOREST, V97, P4 PILZ D, 2002, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V155, P3 PILZ D, 2004, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V198, P367, DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.028 RUANSOTO F, 2004, REV MEXICANA MICOLOG, V19, P57 SALO K, 1993, KARSTENIA, V33, P61 SANCHEZ C, 2004, APPL MICROBIOL BIOT, V64, P756, DOI 10.1007/s00253-004-1569-7 SCHMIT JP, 1999, CAN J BOT, V77, P1014 SENNIRLET B, 1999, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V124, P169 SIEGER A, 1987, MYCENA NEWS, V3, P23 TOVARVELASCO J, 2000, NANACATL, V1, P22 VILLARREAL L, 1986, REV MEX MIC, V2, P259 VILLARREAL L, 1996, HONGOS SILVESTRES CO VOGT KA, 1992, FUNGAL COMMUNITY ITS, P563 YAMASHITA S, 2006, J FOREST RES-JPN, V11, P181, DOI 10.1007/s10310-006-0204-0 ZAMORAMARTINEZ MC, 1995, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V72, P13 ZAR J, 1999, BIOSTATISTICAL ANAL NR 40 TC 0 PU INST BIOLOGIA, UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO PI MEXICO PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-233, MEXICO, D F 00000, MEXICO SN 1870-3453 J9 REV MEX BIODIVERS JI Rev. Mex. Biodivers. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 BP 521 EP 534 PG 14 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 492AW UT ISI:000269627300022 ER PT J AU Cuiris-Perez, H Guillen-Andrade, H Pedraza-Santos, ME Lopez-Medina, J Vidales-Fernandez, I AF Cuiris-Perez, H. Guillen-Andrade, H. Pedraza-Santos, M. E. Lopez-Medina, J. Vidales-Fernandez, I. TI GENETIC VARIABILITY WITHIN MEXICAN RACE AVOCADO (Persea americana Mill.) GERMPLASM COLLECTIONS DETERMINED BY ISSRs SO REVISTA CHAPINGO SERIE CIENCIAS FORESTALES Y DEL AMBIENTE LA English DT Article DE microsatellites; germplasm; genetic similarity ID DNA FINGERPRINTS; MARKERS; CULTIVARS; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; DIVERSITY; REPEATS; RAPD AB The present study was undertaken in order to asses the existing genetic diversity within a germplasm collection of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) kept at the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Uruapan (CEFAP-Uruapan). The parental relationship among 77 accessions (231 plants) of the Mexican race was investigated by using seven Inter Simple Sequence Repeat microsatellites (ISSRs). A total of 154 loci were detected. Percentage polymorphism ranged from 82.3 to 95.4, with number of bands ranging from 17 to 25 within accessions. Genetic similarity analysis revealed formation of two major groups, one with eleven subgroups and the other one with three subgroups. Genetic similarity was highest between accession 237 (Atlixco, Puebla) and accession XTC01 (Uruapan, Michoacan), while accessions 532 (Atlixco, Puebla) and 369 (Chilchota, Michoacan) were the most dissimilar ones. None of the accessions were found to be duplicates. In general, the present study demonstrated the usefulness of ISSRs analysis for determination of genetic diversity in avocado. C1 [Cuiris-Perez, H.; Guillen-Andrade, H.; Pedraza-Santos, M. E.; Lopez-Medina, J.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Agrobiol Presidente Juarez, Unidad Invest Avanzadas Agrobiotecnol, Uruapan 60180, Michoacan, Mexico. [Vidales-Fernandez, I.] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Uruapan 60080, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Guillen-Andrade, H, Univ Michoacana, Fac Agrobiol Presidente Juarez, Unidad Invest Avanzadas Agrobiotecnol, Uruapan 60180, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Chapingo Ser. Cienc. For. Am. PD MAY-AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 PG 7 SC Forestry GA 492CQ UT ISI:000269632300010 ER PT J AU Klypin, A Valenzuela, O Colin, P Quinn, T AF Klypin, Anatoly Valenzuela, Octavio Colin, Pedro Quinn, Thomas TI Dynamics of barred galaxies: effects of disc height SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: N-body simulations; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics ID ON SPIRAL GALAXIES; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; DARK-MATTER; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; MILKY-WAY; SECULAR EVOLUTION; HALO INTERACTION; STELLAR DISCS; GALACTIC BAR; KINEMATICS AB We study dynamics of bars in models of disc galaxies embedded in realistic dark matter haloes. We find that disc thickness plays an important, if not dominant, role in the evolution and structure of the bars. We also make extensive numerical tests of different N-body codes used to study bar dynamics. Models with thick discs typically used in this type of modelling (height-to-length ratio h(z)/R-d = 0.2) produce slowly rotating, and very long, bars. In contrast, more realistic thin discs with the same parameters as in our Galaxy (h(z)/R-d approximate to 0.1) produce bars with normal length R-bar approximate to R-d, which rotate quickly with the ratio of the corotation radius to the bar radius compatible with observations. Bars in these models do not show a tendency to slow down, and may lose as little as 2-3 per cent of their angular momentum due to dynamical friction with the dark matter over cosmological time. We attribute the differences between the models to a combined effect of high phase-space density and smaller Jeans mass in the thin-disc models, which result in the formation of a dense central bulge. Special attention is paid to numerical effects, such as the accuracy of orbital integration, force and mass resolution. Using three N-body codes - gadget, adaptive refinement tree (art) and pkdgrav - we find that numerical effects are very important and, if not carefully treated, may produce incorrect and misleading results. Once the simulations are performed with sufficiently small time-steps and with adequate force and mass resolution, all the codes produce nearly the same results: we do not find any systematic deviations between the results obtained with tree codes (gadget and pkdgrav) and with the adaptive mesh refinement (art) code. C1 [Klypin, Anatoly] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Valenzuela, Octavio] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Colin, Pedro] UNAM, Ctr Radiostron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Quinn, Thomas] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Klypin, A, New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM aklypin@nmsu.edu FU DGAPA-UNAM [IN112806]; NSF ; NSF ITR [PHY-0205413]; CONACyT FX PC acknowledges support from the DGAPA-UNAM grant IN112806. AK acknowledges support by NSF grants to NMSU. TQ acknowledges support by NSF ITR grant PHY-0205413. OV thanks support from a CONACyT Repatriacion Fellowship. Some of the simulations presented in this paper were performed on the HP CP 4000 cluster (Kan-Balam) at DGSCA-UNAM, on the Columbia computer at the NASA Ames Center and at the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center. 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 11 PY 2009 VL 398 IS 2 BP 1027 EP 1040 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15187.x PG 14 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 490NH UT ISI:000269507200040 ER PT C AU Rivera-Ruedas, MG Flores-Noria, JR Rodriguez, FJG Munoz-Saldana, J Bucio-Hernandez, Y Garnica-Romo, MG Avalos-Borja, M Yanez-Limon, JM AF Rivera-Ruedas, M. G. Flores-Noria, J. R. Garcia Rodriguez, F. J. Munoz-Saldana, J. Bucio-Hernandez, Y. Garnica-Romo, M. G. Avalos-Borja, M. Yanez-Limon, J. M. TI PZT ferroelectric ceramics obtained by sol-gel method using 2-metoxyethanol route for pyroelectric sensors SO MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE PZT; Pyroelectric ceramics; Sol-gel route; Ferroelectrics; Multifunctional ceramics; Photopyroelectric response ID THIN-FILMS; THERMAL-DIFFUSIVITY AB We report on the synthesis of Pb(Zr1-xTix)O-3 powders by the sol-gel process using the 2-metoxyethanol route, in compositions close to the morphotropic phase boundary (Zr/Ti, 55/45, 53/47, 51/49 and 43/57). Powders with Perovskite structure and nanometric size (25 to 50 nm) were obtained after a drying process of the sol-gel product and calcination at 1023 K for 2 h. These powders were used to prepare highly densified ceramics to be used as pyroelectric sensors. The pyroelectric response was measured by photothermal method. Ceramics with composition 53/47 showed the best photopyroelectric response whereas the sample 43/57 showed the lowest response. The Curie temperature determined by differential scanning calorimetry was from 592.4 to 646 K for 51/49 and 43/57 samples respectively. The chosen route allowed preparation of high quality bulk ceramics suitable to be used as pyroelectric sensors in photothermal techniques. C1 [Rivera-Ruedas, M. G.; Munoz-Saldana, J.; Yanez-Limon, J. M.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, IPN, Unidad Qro Libramiento Norponiente 2000, Fracc Real De Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro Qro, Mexico. [Flores-Noria, J. R.; Garcia Rodriguez, F. J.] Inst Tecnol Celaya, Dept Ing Mecan, Celaya Gto 38300, Mexico. [Bucio-Hernandez, Y.; Garnica-Romo, M. G.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. [Avalos-Borja, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CNYN, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico. RP Yanez-Limon, JM, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, IPN, Unidad Qro Libramiento Norponiente 2000, Fracc Real De Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro Qro, Mexico. 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Res. Innov. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 13 IS 3 BP 375 EP 378 DI 10.1179/143307509X441603 PG 4 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 491JE UT ISI:000269573900070 ER PT J AU Brendle, J Hrusak, M AF Brendle, Joerg Hrusak, Michael TI COUNTABLE FRECHET BOOLEAN GROUPS: AN INDEPENDENCE RESULT SO JOURNAL OF SYMBOLIC LOGIC LA English DT Article ID FINITE SETS; URYSOHN; FAMILIES; SUBSETS; SPACES AB It is relatively consistent with ZFC that every countable FUfin space of weight N-1 is metrizable. This provides a partial answer to a question of G. Gruenhage and P. Szeptycki [GSI]. C1 [Brendle, Joerg] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Hrusak, Michael] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico Morelia, Inst Math, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Brendle, J, Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Nada Ku, Rokko Dai 1-1, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. EM brendle@kurt.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp michael@matmor.unam.mx FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [17540116, 19540127]; PAPHT [IN101608]; CONACYT [46337] FX Partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 17540116 and (C) 19540127, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Partially supported by PAPHT grant IN101608 and CONACYT grant 46337. 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PD SEP PY 2009 VL 74 IS 3 BP 1061 EP 1068 PG 8 SC Mathematics GA 491IC UT ISI:000269571100018 ER PT J AU Lopez-Hernandez, A Garcia-Estrada, G Aguirre-Diaz, G Gonzalez-Partida, E Palma-Guzman, H Quijano-Leon, JL AF Lopez-Hernandez, Aida Garcia-Estrada, Gerardo Aguirre-Diaz, Gerardo Gonzalez-Partida, Eduardo Palma-Guzman, Hugo Quijano-Leon, Jose L. TI Hydrothermal activity in the Tulancingo-Acoculco Caldera Complex, central Mexico: Exploratory studies SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE Geothermal; Hidden system; Cold gas emissions; Low permeability; High temperature; Volcanic Caldera; Acoculco; Tulancingo; Mexico ID LOS-AZUFRES; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS; SOUTHERN MEXICO; EVOLUTION; MINERALOGY; GRAVITY; BELT AB Mineral alteration and fluid inclusion studies of drill cuttings and core samples indicate that the sedimentary basement rocks and the volcanic rocks associated with Tulancingo-Acoculco Caldera Complex have been the site of two distinct and major hydrothermal events. The complex, located in the eastern portion of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, is formed by the Pliocene Tulancingo Caldera and the younger (Pleistocene) Acoculco Calclera, which developed within the older depression. The volcanic rocks are underlain by Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Sierra Madre Oriental. The earliest important hydrothermal event occurred during the emplacement of Mid-Tertiary granitic intrusions that metamorphosed the sedimentary rocks; these intrusives are not exposed at the surface. However, granitic rocks were encountered at the bottom of exploratory borehole EAC-1. drilled within the Caldera Complex. The second main event occurred during the formation of the Tulancingo and Acoculco Calderas. Both episodes lead to secondary mineralization that reduced the permeability of the reservoir rocks. A possible third hydrothermal event may be associated with the recent magmatic activity within the Acoculco Caldera. Thermal logs from well EAC-1 display a conductive thermal gradient with maximum temperatures exceeding 300 degrees C at 2000m depth. Although there are no active thermal springs in the area, there is extensive fossil surface hydrothermal alteration and cold gas discharges with high He-3/He-4 ratios. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lopez-Hernandez, Aida; Garcia-Estrada, Gerardo; Palma-Guzman, Hugo; Quijano-Leon, Jose L.] CFE, Morelia 58290, Michoacan, Mexico. [Lopez-Hernandez, Aida; Aguirre-Diaz, Gerardo; Gonzalez-Partida, Eduardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro 76230, Qro, Mexico. RP Lopez-Hernandez, A, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Civil, Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM aidalopher@gmail.com FU Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [IN-115302] FX The first author acknowledges the Gerencia cle Proyectos Geotermoel6ctricos of CFE, particularly Dr. Gerardo Hiriart, former manager at the time the fieldwork was conducted, for the financial and logistical support provided. She is grateful to Daniel Castillo and Julio C. Viggiano for their comments during the performance of the work. Support was also obtained from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, PAPHT grant IN-115302. The authors express their gratitude to Mark Coolbaugh, Patrick Dobson, Sabodh Garg, Giovanni Gianelli, Marcelo Lippmann and Joseph Moore for their careful reviews, helpful comments, and suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript. 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Mendoza-Covarrubias, Alfredo Ruiz-Lemus, Alejandro TI Development of a numerical hydraulic model of the Los Azufres steam pipeline network SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE Geothermal; Steam pipeline network; Numerical simulation; Hydraulic model; Pressure loss; Heat loss; Los Azufres; Mexico ID 2-PHASE FLOW AB The development and documentation of a hydraulic model of the steam pipeline network at the Los Azufres geothermal field is presented, as well as the results obtained using one- and two-phase numerical simulators. Flow simulations were performed to determine pressure and heat losses, flow directions and velocities in that network. Computed well pressures agree within +/-10% with measured values, except in three of the 41 wells in the system where the differences are between 10% and 13%. Computed and measured steam flow rates entering the Los Azufres geothermal power plants agree within 10%, with the exception of one that showed a 26.7% difference. This is most likely due to a mismatch between the reported and actual flow rates delivered by the pipeline network. The computed results are considered highly satisfactory given the complexity of the Los Azufres network. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Garcia-Gutierrez, Alfonso; Ignacio Martinez-Estrella, Juan; Felipe Hernandez-Ochoa, Abel; Verma, Mahendra P.] Inst Invest Elect, Cuernavaca 62490, Morelos, Mexico. [Mendoza-Covarrubias, Alfredo; Ruiz-Lemus, Alejandro] Comis Fed Elect, Campamento Agua Fria, Mich, Mexico. RP Garcia-Gutierrez, A, Inst Invest Elect, Ave Reforma 113,Col Palmira, Cuernavaca 62490, Morelos, Mexico. 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Garnica-Guzman, A. TI Relaxation of residual stresses induced by laser shock processing SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article DE Laser shock processing; residual stress relaxation; cyclic loading ID 6061-T6 ALUMINUM-ALLOY; FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; BEHAVIOR; STEEL AB The Laser shock processing (LSP) is a new surface treatment technique that induces a compressive residual stress field. This work examines the effect of cyclic loading and temperature on the stability of the stress field induced by LSP on 6061-T6 aluminum samples. Residual stress relaxation due to cyclic loading is reported for different stress amplitudes and temperatures. Due to the cyclic creep effect, the residual stress decreases linearly with the logarithm of the number of cycles, N. C1 [Rubio-Gonzalez, C.] Ctr Ingn & Desarrollo Ind, Queretaro 76130, Qro, Mexico. [Garnica-Guzman, A.] Inst Tecnol Morelia, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Rubio-Gonzalez, C, Ctr Ingn & Desarrollo Ind, Pie Cuesta 702, Queretaro 76130, Qro, Mexico. 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Mex. Fis. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 55 IS 4 BP 256 EP 261 PG 6 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 490HM UT ISI:000269490700003 ER PT J AU Guzman, FS AF Guzman, F. S. TI The three dynamical fates of Boson Stars SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article DE Boson systems; numerical relativity; self-gravitating systems ID EVOLUTION; STABILITY; STATE AB In this manuscript the three types of late-time behavior of spherically symmetric Boson Stars are presented, namely: stable configurations, unstable bounded that collapse and form black holes and unstable unbounded that explode. These three possibilities have been predicted by perturbation theory and other analytical results, whereas the full non-linear evolution of Boson Star configurations has verified the stable and unstable bounded cases using numerical relativity. In this paper also the unbounded case is confirmed to happen. In order to do so, Boson Star solutions are used as initial data of the Einstein-Klein-Gordon system of equations formulated as a constrained initial value problem, which in turn is solved using the finite differences approximation. C1 Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Guzman, FS, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Edificio C-3,Cd Univ, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. FU CIC-UMSNH-4.9 ; CONACyT [79995]; PROMEP-UMICH-CA-22 FX This work is partly supported by projects CIC-UMSNH-4.9, CONACyT 79995 and PROMEP-UMICH-CA-22. 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Mex. Fis. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 55 IS 4 BP 321 EP 326 PG 6 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 490HM UT ISI:000269490700011 ER PT C AU Herrera-Aguilar, A Paschalis, JE Tellez-Vazquez, JO AF Herrera-Aguilar, A. Paschalis, J. E. Tellez-Vazquez, J. O. TI Solitons via Lie-Backlund transformation for 5D low-energy string theory SO REGULAR & CHAOTIC DYNAMICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Lie-Backlund transformation; solitonic solutions ID ROTATING BLACK-HOLES; GRAVITATIONAL-FIELD PROBLEM; VACUUM EINSTEIN EQUATION; ASYMPTOTICALLY FLAT; INFINITE NUMBER; DESITTER SPACETIME; DILATON GRAVITY; FORMULATION; SYMMETRIES; DIMENSIONS AB We apply a non-linear matrix transformation of Lie-Backlund type on a seed soliton configuration in order to obtain a new solitonic solution in the framework of the 5D low-energy effective field theory of the bosonic string. The seed solution represents a stationary axisymmetric two-soliton configuration previously constructed through the inverse scattering method and consists of a massless gravitational field coupled to a non-trivial chargeless dilaton and to an axion field endowed with charge. We apply a fully parameterized non-linear matrix transformation of Ehlers type on this massless solution and get a massive rotating axisymmetric gravitational soliton coupled to charged axion and dilaton fields. We discuss on some physical properties of both the initial and the generated solitons and fully clarify the physical effect of the non-linear normalized Ehlers transformation on the seed solution. C1 [Herrera-Aguilar, A.; Tellez-Vazquez, J. O.] Inst Fis Matemat, Morelia, MI USA. [Paschalis, J. E.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Theoret Phys, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Herrera-Aguilar, A.; Tellez-Vazquez, J. O.] UMSNH, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. [Paschalis, J. E.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Theoret Phys, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. RP Herrera-Aguilar, A, UMSNH, Inst Fis & Matemat, Edificio C-3,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. EM herrera@ifm.umich.mx paschalis@physics.auth.gr oswald@ifm.umich.mx CR ALEKSEEV GA, ARXIVHEPTH0401077 AZUMA T, ARXIVHEPTH08064906 AZUMA T, 2006, PROG THEOR PHYS, V116, P319 AZUMA T, 2007, PROG THEOR PHYS, V118, P35 BAKAS I, 1994, NUCL PHYS B, V428, P374 BAKAS I, 1996, PHYS REV D, V54, P6424 BELINSKI V, 2001, GRAVITATIONAL SOLITO BELINSKII VA, 1978, SOV PHYS JETP, V48, P985 BELINSKY VA, 1979, SOV PHYS JETP, V50, P1 BRECKENRIDGE JC, 1996, PHYS LETT B, V381, P423 BRECKENRIDGE JC, 1997, PHYS LETT B, V391, P93 COMBES F, 1994, PHYS REV D, V50, P2754 CVETIC M, 1996, NUCL PHYS B, V476, P118 DEVEGA HJ, 1993, PHYS REV D, V47, P3394 ELVANG H, 2003, PHYS REV D, V68, P4016 EMPARAN R, 2002, PHYS REV LETT, V88, ARTN 101101 EMPARAN R, 2008, LIVING REV RELATIV, V11, ARTN 6 ERIS A, 1984, J MATH PHYS, V25, P1489 ERNST FJ, 1968, PHYS REV, V167, P1175 ERNST FJ, 1968, PHYS REV, V168, P1415 ERNST FJ, 1971, J MATH PHYS, V12, P2395 GALTSOV D, 1995, J MATH PHYS, V36, P5023 GALTSOV DV, 1994, PHYS REV D, V50, P7394 HERDEIRO CAR, 2000, NUCL PHYS B, V582, P363 HERRERAAGUILAR A, 1997, MOD PHYS LETT A, V12, P1629 HERRERAAGUILAR A, 1998, INT J MOD PHYS A, V13, P393 HERRERAAGUILAR A, 1999, INT J MOD PHYS A, V14, P1345 HERRERAAGUILAR A, 1999, PHYS REV D, V59, P4006 HERRERAAGUILAR A, 2004, PHYS REV D, V69, P5002 HOROWITZ GT, 1996, PHYS REV D, V53, P808 IGUCHI H, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, ARTN 121501 IGUCHI H, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, P4030 IGUCHI H, 2006, PHYS REV D, V74, P4029 KALLOSH R, 1997, PHYS REV D, V55, R3246 KECHKIN OV, 2003, CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV, V20, P2157 KECHKIN OV, 2003, CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV, V20, L225 KOIKAWA T, 2005, PROG THEOR PHYS, V114, P793 KRAMER D, 1980, EXACT SOLUTIONS EINS MAHARANA J, 1993, NUCL PHYS B, V390, P3 MARCUS N, 1983, NUCL PHYS B, V228, P145 MATOS T, 2000, GEN RELAT GRAVIT, V32, P1499 SEN A, 1995, NUCL PHYS B, V434, P179 STEPHANI H, 1987, DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIO TOMIZAWA S, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, P4009 TOMIZAWA S, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, P4034 TSEYTLIN AA, 1996, MOD PHYS LETT A, V11, P689 YAZADJIEV SS, 2005, CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV, V22, P3875, DOI 10.1088/0264-9381/22/19/005 YAZADJIEV SS, 2005, PHYS REV D, V72, ARTN 104014 YAZADJIEV SS, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, P4007 YAZADJIEV SS, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, P4008 YAZADJIEV SS, 2006, PHYS REV D, V73, P4032 YAZADJIEV SS, 2008, PHYS REV D, V77, P7501 YUROVA M, 2000, GEN RELAT GRAVIT, V32, P2219 YUROVA M, 2001, PHYS REV D, V64, ARTN 024022 YUROVA M, 2002, PHYS REV D, V65, P4024 NR 55 TC 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1560-3547 J9 REGUL CHAOTIC DYN JI Regul. Chaotic Dyn. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 14 IS 4-5 BP 526 EP 534 DI 10.1134/S156035470904008X PG 9 SC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical GA 487YD UT ISI:000269313900008 ER PT J AU Cilleruelo, J Garaev, MZ AF Cilleruelo, Javier Garaev, Moubariz Z. TI LEAST TOTIENTS IN ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Let N(a, m) be the least integer n (if it exists) such that phi(n) equivalent to a (mod m). Friedlander and Shparlinski proved that for any epsilon > 0 there exists A = A(epsilon) > 0 such that for any positive integer m which has no prime divisors p < (logm)(A) and any integer a with gcd(a,m) = 1, we have the bound N(a, m) << m(3+epsilon). In the present paper we improve this bound to N(a, m) << m(2+epsilon). C1 [Cilleruelo, Javier] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC UAM UCM UC3M, Inst Ciencias Matemat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Cilleruelo, Javier] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Matemat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Garaev, Moubariz Z.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Cilleruelo, J, Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC UAM UCM UC3M, Inst Ciencias Matemat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM franciscojavier.cilleruelo@uam.es garaev@matmor.unam.mx FU MYCIT [MTM 2005-04730] FX During the preparation of this paper, the first author was supported by Grant MTM 2005-04730 of MYCIT. CR DENCE T, 1998, RAMANUJAN J, V2, P7 FORD K, 1999, NUMBER THEORY PROGR, V2, P805 FRIEDLANDER J, B LONDON MA IN PRESS FRIEDLANDER JB, 2007, B LOND MATH SOC 3, V39, P425, DOI 10.1112/blms/bdm027 FRIEDLANDER JB, 2008, B LOND MATH SOC 3, V40, P532, DOI 10.1112/blms/bdn037 GARAEV MZ, 2009, Q J MATH, V60, P53, DOI 10.1093/qmath/han005 RAKHMONOV ZK, 1995, P STEKLOV I MATH, V207, P263 NR 7 TC 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 USA SN 0002-9939 J9 PROC AMER MATH SOC JI Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 137 IS 9 BP 2913 EP 2919 PG 7 SC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics GA 487WD UT ISI:000269307400013 ER PT J AU Huirache-Acuna, R Paraguay-Delgado, F Albiter, MA Lara-Romero, J Martinez-Sanchez, R AF Huirache-Acuna, R. Paraguay-Delgado, F. Albiter, M. A. Lara-Romero, J. Martinez-Sanchez, R. TI Synthesis and characterization of WO3 nanostructures prepared by an aged-hydrothermal method SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article DE Nanostructures; Tungsten trioxide (WO3); Hydrothermal method ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; TUNGSTEN-OXIDE FILMS; THIN-FILMS; NANORODS; NANORIBBONS; NANOTUBES; GROWTH; ROUTE; HDS AB Nanostructures of tungsten trioxide (WO3) have been successfully synthesized by using an aged route at low temperature (60 degrees C) followed by a hydrothermal method at 200 degrees C for 48 h under well controlled conditions. The material was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Specific Surface Area (S-BET) were measured by using the BET method. The lengths of the WO3 nanostructures obtained are between 30 and 200 nm and their diameters are from 20 to 70 nm. The growth direction of the tungsten oxide nanostructures was determined along [010] axis with an inter-planar distance of 0.38 nm. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Huirache-Acuna, R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CFATA, Juriquilla Queretaro 76230, Mexico. [Huirache-Acuna, R.] Univ La Salle Morelia, Mpio Tarimbaro Mich 58880, Mexico. [Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Martinez-Sanchez, R.] Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados SC, Lab Nacl Nanotecnol Chihuahua, Chih 31109, Mexico. [Albiter, M. A.; Lara-Romero, J.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Huirache-Acuna, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CFATA, Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Queretaro 76230, Mexico. EM rafael_huirache@yahoo.it FU CIMAV, S.C. ; Universidad La Salle Morelia ; UNAM FX The authors appreciate the valuable technical assistance of M.C.W. Antunez, M.I.Q. Alicia del Real, M.C. E. Torres, Ing, C. Ornelas, Dr. A. Medina, Dr. Ismeli Alfonso and M.C. F. Rodriguez Melgarejo. This work was financially supported by CIMAV, S.C., Universidad La Salle Morelia and Postdoctoral fellowship-UNAM. 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Charact. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 60 IS 9 BP 932 EP 937 DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2009.03.006 PG 6 SC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing GA 487OL UT ISI:000269284000003 ER PT J AU Egorochkin, AN Kuznetsova, OV Khamaletdinova, NM Kurskii, YA Domratcheva-Lvova, LG Domrachev, GA AF Egorochkin, Alexey N. Kuznetsova, Olga V. Khamaletdinova, Nadiya M. Kurskii, Yury A. Domratcheva-Lvova, Lada G. Domrachev, Georgy A. TI Transition metal NMR chemical shifts and polarizability effect in organometallic complexes SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NMR; transition metal nuclei; organometallic complexes; inductive effects; conjugation; polarizability effects ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RH-103 NMR; FE-57 NMR; MO-95 NMR; CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; OS-187 NMR; SPECTROSCOPY; CONSTANTS; SPECTRA; C-13 AB The literature data on substituent influence on the V-51, Mn-55, Fe-57, Co-59, Ni-61, Mo-95,Rh-103, W-183, Os-187 and Pt-195 NMR chemical shifts (delta) and on J (M, P; M = Mn, Fe, Mo, Rh, W, Os) coupling constants have been analyzed for 30 series of the organometallic complexes. It has been established for the first time that the delta and J values depend on the inductive, resonance and polarizability effects of substituents. The polarizability effect is caused by the partial charge on the central M atom. The contribution of this effect ranges from 3 to 86%. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Egorochkin, Alexey N.; Kuznetsova, Olga V.; Khamaletdinova, Nadiya M.; Kurskii, Yury A.; Domrachev, Georgy A.] Russian Acad Sci, GA Razuvaev Inst Organometall Chem, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. [Domratcheva-Lvova, Lada G.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Kuznetsova, OV, Russian Acad Sci, GA Razuvaev Inst Organometall Chem, 49 Tropinin Str, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. EM olga@iomc.ras.ru FU CONACYT of Mexico FX This work was supported by the project of CONACYT of Mexico. 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Reson. Chem. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 782 EP 790 DI 10.1002/mrc.2465 PG 9 SC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy GA 487MM UT ISI:000269278700012 ER PT J AU Arce-Menocal, J Avila-Gonzalez, E Lopez-Coello, C Garibay-Torres, L Martinez-Lemus, LA AF Arce-Menocal, J. Avila-Gonzalez, E. Lopez-Coello, C. Garibay-Torres, L. Martinez-Lemus, L. A. TI Body weight, feed-particle size, and ascites incidence revisited SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ascites; growth rate; feed conversion ratio; feed form; mortality ID BROILER-CHICKENS; GENETIC-PARAMETERS; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; HIGH-ALTITUDE; TEMPERATURES; PERFORMANCE; SELECTION; RESISTANT; TRAITS AB Ascites, a specific type of congestive heart failure also known as Pulmonary hypertension syndrome, has been associated with BW and growth rate in broiler chickens. This association appears to be caused by the presence of ascites-susceptible broilers in commercial flocks, which develop pulmonary hypertension when challenged with either conditions that reduce oxygen availability or conditions that increase metabolic oxygen demand. It has been reported that genetic selection is Currently being applied to eliminate ascites-susceptible birds from the genetic pool of broiler breeders. Therefore, it is desirable to have current information on the incidence of ascites in today's commercial broilers reared under normal conditions. This would provide producers with information to decide whether to implement procedures to control the incidence of ascites in their flocks. Results from the present study indicate that ascites-related mortality remains associated with BW and growth rate in commercial broilers. From 2 strains of broilers studied, the strain that achieved greater BW and daily BW gains also had greater ascites-related mortality, accounting for nearly 50% of the total mortality when reared to 42 d of age. Providing pelleted feed vs. crumbles also increased ascites-related mortality, in conjunction with improved FCR, BW, feed intake, and growth rate. These results suggest that broilers susceptible to ascites are still present in commercial broiler flocks and that procedures for improving growth rate, Such as providing pelleted feed, cause these Susceptible broilers to develop the disease and increase ascites-related mortality in commercial settings. C1 [Martinez-Lemus, L. A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Med Pharmacol & Physiol, Dalton Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Arce-Menocal, J.; Garibay-Torres, L.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia 58270, Michoacan, Mexico. [Avila-Gonzalez, E.; Lopez-Coello, C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Prod Anim Aves, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Martinez-Lemus, LA, Univ Missouri, Dept Med Pharmacol & Physiol, Dalton Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. 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Appl. Poult. Res. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 465 EP 471 DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00095 PG 7 SC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science GA 490FG UT ISI:000269483500009 ER PT J AU Ostrooumov, M AF Ostrooumov, Mikhail TI Infrared Reflection Spectrometry Analysis as a Non-Destructive Method of Characterizing Minerals and Stone Materials in Geoarchaeological and Archaeometric Applications SO GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TECHNOLOGY; SPECTRA AB The purpose of this paper is to show 1; he benefits and applications of using mid and far infrared reflection spectrometry (IRS) in the analysis of archaeological materials. Infrared spectral databases do not yet exist for rocks and principal minerals. In support of IRS techniques, a catalogue and new spectral database have been created with over 500 infrared reflection spectra in mid and far ranges from more than 250 different archaeological minerals aid stone materials. The reflection spectrum serves as a "fingerprint" of all these materials. This new, non-destructive method is useful for spectrometric identification and crystal chemical characterization of many rocks and minerals commonly found in archaeological contexts. Three brief examples of IRS analysis of archaeological materials are presented as test cases. It is suggested that: IRS could and should become a routine approach in geoarchaeology and archaeometry for identification and provenance studies. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Michoacana, Dept Geol & Mineral, Inst Met, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ostrooumov, M, Univ Michoacana, Dept Geol & Mineral, Inst Met, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. 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[Osorno-Sanchez, Tamara] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Flores-Jaramillo, David] Semidesierto Penamiller Asociac Rural Interes Col, Queretaro, Mexico. [Hernandez-Sandoval, Luis] Univ Autonoma Queretaro, Escuela Biol, Fac Ciencias Nat, Queretaro, Mexico. RP Lindig-Cisneros, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Lab Ecol Restaurac, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Bot. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 63 IS 3 BP 314 EP 318 DI 10.1007/s12231-009-9087-2 PG 5 SC Plant Sciences GA 488AA UT ISI:000269319700007 ER PT J AU Henney, WJ Arthur, SJ De Colle, F Mellema, G AF Henney, William J. Arthur, S. Jane De Colle, Fabio Mellema, Garrelt TI Radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the photoionization of magnetized globules(star) SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE MHD; stars: formation; ISM: globules; H ii regions ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; ORION-NEBULA-CLUSTER; H-ALPHA EMISSION; IONIZATION FRONTS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; COMETARY GLOBULES; HII-REGIONS; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; PLANETARY-NEBULAE AB We present the first three-dimensional radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the photoionization of a dense, magnetized molecular globule by an external source of ultraviolet radiation. We find that, for the case of a strong ionizing field, significant deviations from the non-magnetic evolution are seen when the initial magnetic field threading the globule has an associated magnetic pressure that is greater than 100 times the gas pressure. In such a strong-field case, the photoevaporating globule will adopt a flattened or 'curled up' shape, depending on the initial field orientation, and magnetic confinement of the ionized photoevaporation flow can lead to recombination and subsequent fragmentation during advanced stages of the globule evolution. We find suggestive evidence that such magnetic effects may be important in the formation of bright, bar-like emission features in H ii regions. We include simple but realistic fits to heating and cooling rates in the neutral and molecular gas in the vicinity of a high-mass star cluster, and show that the frequently used isothermal approximation can lead to an overestimate of the importance of gravitational instability in the radiatively imploded globule. For globules within 2 pc of a high-mass star cluster, we find that heating by stellar X-rays prevents the molecular gas from cooling below 50 K. C1 [Henney, William J.; Arthur, S. Jane] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [De Colle, Fabio] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Sch Cosm Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [De Colle, Fabio] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Mellema, Garrelt] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Henney, WJ, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 3-72, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. EM w.henney@astrosmo.unam.mx FU DGAPA-UNAM, Mexico [IN112006, IN110108, IN100309]; European Community's 'Marie Curie Actions - Human Resource and Mobility' [MRTN-CT-2000 005592] FX Part of the numerical simulations reported in this paper was carried out at the Departamento de Supercomputo, Direccion General de Servicios de Computo Academico, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. WJH and SJA are grateful for financial support from DGAPA-UNAM, Mexico (PAPIIT IN112006, IN110108 and IN100309). FDC acknowledges support by the European Community's 'Marie Curie Actions - Human Resource and Mobility' within the Jet Simulations, Experiments and Theory (JETSET) network under contract MRTN-CT-2000 005592. We are grateful to an anonymous referee for perceptive comments that have led to significant improvements in the paper. 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 398 IS 1 BP 157 EP 175 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15153.x PG 19 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 485PU UT ISI:000269136800029 ER PT J AU Carrasco, E Carraminana, A Avila, R Gutierrez, C Aviles, JL Reyes, J Meza, J Yam, O AF Carrasco, E. Carraminana, A. Avila, R. Gutierrez, C. Aviles, J. L. Reyes, J. Meza, J. Yam, O. TI Weather at Sierra Negra: 7.3-yr statistics and a new method to estimate the temporal fraction of cloud cover SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric effects; site testing AB Sierra Negra, one of the highest peaks in central Mexico, is the site of the Large Millimeter Telescope. We describe the first results of a comprehensive analysis of the weather data measured in situ from 2000 October to 2008 February to be used as a reference for future activity in the site. We compare the data from two different stations at the summit considering the accuracy of both instruments. We analysed the diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles for all the parameters. The thermal stability is remarkably good, crucial for a good performance of the telescopes. From the solar radiation data, we developed a new method to estimate the fraction of time when the sky is clear of clouds. We show that our measurements are consistent with a warm standard atmosphere model. The conditions at the site are benign and stable given its altitude, showing that Sierra Negra is an extremely good site for millimeter and high-energy observations. C1 [Carrasco, E.; Carraminana, A.; Gutierrez, C.; Aviles, J. L.; Reyes, J.; Meza, J.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla 72840, Mexico. [Avila, R.; Aviles, J. L.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Yam, O.] Univ Quintana Roo, Chetmal 77019, Quintana Roo, Mexico. RP Carrasco, E, Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Luis Enr Erro 1, Puebla 72840, Mexico. EM bec@inaoep.mx FU CONACyT [58291] FX NCEP Reanalysis data was provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their website at http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/. The authors thank G. Djordovsky, A. Walker, M. Schoeck and G. Sanders for their kind permission to use the results from the Erasmus & Van Staden (2002) report for Sierra Negra. Remy Avila and Esperanza Carrasco thank CONACyT support through the grant No. 58291. 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TI Polygeneration plants to supply energy and desalted water in hotels located at the Spanish coast SO DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE MINLP optimization; Polygeneration; Integration; Energy saving; Tourism ID POLIGENERATION SCHEME; TOURIST SECTOR AB The Mediterranean area is a very suitable location for tourism, and every year the arrivals to the Mediterranean are continuously augmenting. This fact represents an economic growth but it is associated with the consumption of natural resources to provide energy and water demands, especially in summer due to the high occupancy rate in tourism destinations. Power consumption derived from the massive use of air conditioning systems is sometimes causing problems in grids. Moreover, fresh water supply is more and more difficult to assure in the Mediterranean area, and desalination is becoming the alternative to surface and ground waters. Therefore, there is a clear need to confront the above-mentioned problems. Polygeneration systems can be a means to provide the energy and water with more advantages than individual conventional systems. Their main benefit is the primary energy saving (PES) obtained because of their higher overall efficiencies, which could be even increased with integrated renewable systems and their associated reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Furthermore, dependency and losses of power and water grids are considerably reduced, contributing to the "distributed generation concept"usually only pursued to electricity issues but followed by the UE. In this paper an in-depth optimization sequence of the design of a polygeneration plant has been carried out. It provides simultaneously power, heat, cold and desalted water to a hotel located in the Spanish Mediterranean coast. The main aspects investigated here are: hotel location, desalination process, operation mode (following heat/power demand, or full load operation), and legal issues as the possibility of selling water and power surpluses. According to polygeneration scheme constraints, only two types of desalination plants were considered: LT-MED and RO units. The results show that the first two above mentioned points mainly affect the plant design and definite configuration (that is, which the technologies and capacities which are more convenient for the selected hotel); and the last two points (operation mode and legislation) only have strong influence on the plant feasibility once polygeneration plant was designed. Recent optimization techniques have been used to conclude those results, which could be exported to similar multiple-demand installations. C1 [Uche, J.; Martinez, V. A.] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Mech Engn, CIRCE Fdn, Zaragoza 50018, Spain. [Rubio, C.] UMSNH, Fac Mech Engn, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Uche, J, Univ Zaragoza, Dept Mech Engn, CIRCE Fdn, C Maria de Luna 3, Zaragoza 50018, Spain. 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PD JUL PY 2009 VL 7 IS 1-3 BP 132 EP 141 PG 10 SC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources GA 485OL UT ISI:000269133000018 ER PT J AU Adams, FC Cai, MJ Lizano, S AF Adams, Fred C. Cai, Mike J. Lizano, Susana TI MIGRATION OF EXTRASOLAR PLANETS: EFFECTS FROM X-WIND ACCRETION DISKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE MHD; planetary systems: formation; solar system: formation; stars: formation; turbulence ID MAGNETOCENTRIFUGALLY DRIVEN FLOWS; LOW-MASS PROTOPLANETS; GIANT PLANETS; SOLAR NEBULA; MHD TURBULENCE; YOUNG STARS; COMPANION; COROTATION; LINDBLAD; FIELD AB Magnetic fields are dragged in from the interstellar medium during the gravitational collapse that forms star/disk systems. Consideration of mean field magnetohydrodynamics in these disks shows that magnetic effects produce sub-Keplerian rotation curves and truncate the inner disk. This Letter explores the ramifications of these predicted disk properties for the migration of extrasolar planets. Sub-Keplerian flow in gaseous disks drives a new migration mechanism for embedded planets and modifies the gap-opening processes for larger planets. This sub-Keplerian migration mechanism dominates over Type I migration for sufficiently small planets (mP less than or similar to 1 M-circle plus) and/or close orbits (r less than or similar to 1 AU). Although the inclusion of sub-Keplerian torques shortens the total migration time by only a moderate amount, the mass accreted by migrating planetary cores is significantly reduced. Truncation of the inner disk edge (for typical system parameters) naturally explains final planetary orbits with periods P similar to 4 days. Planets with shorter periods, P similar to 2 days, can be explained by migration during FU-Orionis outbursts, when the mass accretion rate is high and the disk edge moves inward. Finally, the midplane density is greatly increased at the inner truncation point of the disk (the X-point); this enhancement, in conjunction with continuing flow of gas and solids through the region, supports the in situ formation of giant planets. C1 [Adams, Fred C.; Cai, Mike J.; Lizano, Susana] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Adams, Fred C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cai, Mike J.] Inst Astron & Astrophys, Acad Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. [Lizano, Susana] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Adams, FC, Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU NASA [NNX07AP17G]; NSF [DMS-0806756]; [NSC-95-2112-M-001-044]; [CONACyT-48901] FX We thank Frank Shu and Greg Laughlin for discussions, and MCTP for hospitality while this work was developed. F.C.A. is supported by NASA grant: NNX07AP17G and NSF grant: DMS-0806756; M. J. C. by grant: NSC-95-2112-M-001-044; and S. L. by grant: CONACyT-48901. 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J. Lett. PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 2 BP L182 EP L186 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/L182 PG 5 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BN UT ISI:000269245500018 ER PT J AU Ponce-Ortega, JM Hortua, AC El-Halwagi, M Jimenez-Gutierrez, A AF Maria Ponce-Ortega, Jose Hortua, Ana Carolina El-Halwagi, Mahmoud Jimenez-Gutierrez, Arturo TI A Property-Based Optimization of Direct Recycle Networks and Wastewater Treatment Processes SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE direct recycle-reuse; property integration; mass integration; environmental constraints; wastewater treatment; optimization ID IN-PROCESS PLANTS; CLUSTERING-TECHNIQUES; COMPONENTLESS DESIGN; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; MOLECULAR DESIGN; REUSE NETWORKS; SYSTEMS; MINIMIZATION; INTEGRATION; ALLOCATION AB This article presents a mathematical programming approach to optimize direct recycle-reuse networks together with wastewater treatment processes in order to satisfy a given set of environmental regulations. A disjunctive programming formulation is developed to optimize the recycle/reuse of process streams to units and the performance of wastewater treatment units. In addition to composition-based constraints, the formulation also incorporates in-plant property constraints as well as properties impacting the environment toxicity, ThOD, pH, color, and odor. The MINLP model is used to minimize the total annual cost of the system, which includes the cost for the fresh sources, the piping cost for the process integration and the waste stream treatment cost. An example problem is used to show the application of the proposed model. The results show that the simultaneous optimization of a recycle network and waste treatment process yields significant savings with respect to a commonly-used sequential optimization strategy. (C) 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 55: 23292344, 2009 C1 [Maria Ponce-Ortega, Jose; Jimenez-Gutierrez, Arturo] Inst Tecnol Celaya, Dept Ingn Quim, Celaya, Gto, Mexico. [Maria Ponce-Ortega, Jose] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Hortua, Ana Carolina; El-Halwagi, Mahmoud] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Jimenez-Gutierrez, A, Inst Tecnol Celaya, Dept Ingn Quim, Celaya, Gto, Mexico. 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PD SEP PY 2009 VL 55 IS 9 BP 2329 EP 2344 DI 10.1002/aic.11828 PG 16 SC Engineering, Chemical GA 485PB UT ISI:000269134700013 ER PT J AU Allende, TC Mendoza, ME Granados, EML Manilla, LMM AF Carlon Allende, Teodoro Mendoza, Manuel E. Lopez Granados, Erna Martha Morales Manilla, Luis Miguel TI Hydrogeographical Regionalisation: An Approach for Evaluating the Effects of Land Cover Change in Watersheds. A Case Study in the Cuitzeo Lake Watershed, Central Mexico SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Regionalisation; Watershed management; Cluster analysis; Principal component analysis; Land cover change; SIG; Mexico ID GIS-BASED APPROACH; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; PRECIPITATION AB Efficient natural resources management, including continental water at watershed level, requires understanding the arrangement of landscape attributes in a region. The geographical analysis of landscape attributes is a useful approach to delineate relatively homogeneous watersheds or regions. This research was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of land cover through time on regionalisation modelling in the poorly-gauged Cuitzeo Lake Watershed, and to develop models to create two hydrogeographical regionalisations for the years 1975 and 2000. The inputs required by the regionalisation methodology were integrated in a GIS and validated before carrying out statistical regionalisation procedures (cluster analysis and PCA). GIS operations were done in Arc View 3.2 and statistical analyses in PC-ORD. Median Euclidean distances with mean distance linkage methods were used. A 75% of similarity was chosen as the threshold to generate regions. Importance rankings of regions were obtained using multicriteria evaluation methods. Based on the analysis, 38 of the 52 subwatersheds belonging to the Cuitzeo Lake Watershed were clustered; eight groups were defined in 1975 and nine in 2000. According to PCA, the strongest positive variables are associated to morphometric, geologic, land cover and soil attributes. Fourteen subwatersheds were never clustered. Four subwatersheds changed of cluster between 1975 and 2000. This change is explained because of rainfed agricultural parcel abandonment, and subsequent shrubland growth. This means that the hydrogeographical regionalisation is sensitive to land cover change processes. The methodological approach applied in this research is a low-cost and fast alternative for evaluating the impact of land cover and land use change on hydrogeographical regionalisation; in consequence, data and information generated during the analysis were made available to local authorities so that they can improve both water resources planning and their informational baseline for decision making and for development of environmental policies in the Cuitzeo Lake Watershed. C1 [Carlon Allende, Teodoro; Mendoza, Manuel E.; Morales Manilla, Luis Miguel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Lopez Granados, Erna Martha] Univ Michoacana, Dept Geol & Mineral, Inst Invest Met, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Mendoza, ME, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701 Col Ex Hacienda, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM mmendoza@ciga.unam.mx FU Michoacan Government ; CONACyT ; Manejo de Ecosistemas y Desarollo Humano [SDEI-PTID-02] FX The present research was funded by the Michoacan Government and CONACyT through a grant for the project: "Regionalizacion hidrologica y cambio de cobertura vegetal y uso del suelo dentro de la cuenca de Cuitzeo. Bases para la planeacion de los recursos h dricos en cuencas pobremente aforadas" (clave 12469). This research was also partially supported by the project "Manejo de Ecosistemas y Desarollo Humano" (clave SDEI-PTID-02). The authors thank G. Bocco, A. Velazquez, A. Amador, D. Perez and S. Zarate for reading and commenting a previous version of this paper; authors gratefully thank two anonymous referees for their valuable comments on the manuscript. The first author received a grant from CONACyT while undertaking his MSc program at the University of Michoacan. 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Manag. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 IS 12 BP 2587 EP 2603 DI 10.1007/s11269-008-9398-6 PG 17 SC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources GA 484PX UT ISI:000269060300013 ER PT J AU Verduzco, GG Cuevas, AC Coello, CL Menocal, JA Pelaez, CV Gonzalez, EA AF Gomez Verduzco, Gabriela Cortes Cuevas, Arturo Lopez Coello, Carlos Arce Menocal, Jose Vasquez Pelaez, Carlos Avila Gonzalez, Ernesto TI Productive performance and immune response in broilers fed a sorghum plus soy diet supplemented with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell walls, in the presence or absence of aflotoxin B1 SO TECNICA PECUARIA EN MEXICO LA English DT Article DE Yeast cell walls; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Immune response; Aflatoxin; Bacitracin ID BETA-GLUCAN; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; AFLATOXIN; CHICKENS; TOXICITY; EFFICACY; ILEAL AB Two experiments were conducted on broilers Ross 308 fed sorghum-soybean meal diets. In Exp 1, broilers from 0 to 49 d of age were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replicates of 36 chicks each one, the treatments were: 1) Control diet, 2) As 1+wall cell yeast (YWC), 3) As 1+Bacitracine zinc 30 ppm (GPA) and 4) As 1+YWC+GPA. The YWC and GPA improved at 49 d the weight gain (P<0.05), being greater the effect when the YWC + GPA. The cell immune response evaluated by the basophilic hypersensibility test and the humoral immune response measured by antibodies titers against Newcastle disease (ND) (P<0.05), the YWC ameliorated the response. The addition of YWC and GPA increased (P<0.05) the duodenal villi length measured at the 21 d age. In Experiment 2, Ross broilers from 1 to 21 d of age were fed diets contaminated or not with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A completely randomized design 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with six repetitions of six chickens each one were used. The factors were presence or absence of 0.05% YWC and presence or absence of AFB1 (400 mg/t). The 21 d of age data for weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion were similar (P>0.05) for both factors; nevertheless the humoral immune response against NCD and the cellular immune response increased (P<0.05) with YWC and decreased with AFB1. These data indicated that the YWC added in sorghum-soybean meal diets improve the growth and increase the cellular and humoral immune response of broilers. C1 [Gomez Verduzco, Gabriela; Cortes Cuevas, Arturo; Lopez Coello, Carlos; Avila Gonzalez, Ernesto] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Anim Prod, Aves Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Arce Menocal, Jose] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Vasquez Pelaez, Carlos] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Bioestadist & Genet, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Verduzco, GG, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Anim Prod, Aves Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. 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Pecu. Mex. PD JUL-SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 3 BP 285 EP 297 PG 13 SC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science GA 482VZ UT ISI:000268919300005 ER PT J AU Medina-Navarro, R Guerrero-Linares, I AF Medina-Navarro, Rafael Guerrero-Linares, Israel TI Whole body hyperthermia reduces oxidative stress in the striatum of rats in an animal model of mitochondrial toxicity with 3-nitropropionic acid SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYPERTHERMIA LA English DT Article DE Whole body hyperthermia; oxidative stress; 3-nitropropionic acid; striatum; thermotolerance ID SUCCINATE-DEHYDROGENASE; CIRCULATORY SHOCK; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; IN-VIVO; DOPAMINE; DAMAGE; BRAIN; DISEASE; NEUROTOXICITY; LESIONS AB Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine whether whole body hyperthermia (WBH) could reduce oxidative stress in the striatum produced by 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), a mitochondrial toxin that irreversibly inhibits succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), causing impairment of energy metabolism, oxidative stress and a selective degeneration of striatal cells. Methods: Rats were subjected to WBH (42 degrees C) or normothermia control conditions for 30 min and then treated with 3-NP. Striatum samples were processed and the levels of protein carbonyl groups, biogenic amines, Hsp72 and salicylate hydroxylation (to probe the hydroxyl radical (OH.) intervention) were determined. Results: WBH significantly reduced oxidative stress in the striatum of animals treated with 3-NP, as judged by reductions in protein carbonyl and salicylate hydroxylation derivative levels, whereas striatal Hsp72 expression was significantly increased. The groups treated with 3-NP presented an increased in the dopamine (DA) derivatives 2,3- dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and norepinephrine (NE) concentration, whereas the striatal relation DOPAC/DA concentration indicate a reduced dopamine turnover. Conclusions: These studies show, for the first time, that a heat shock pretreatment can ameliorate the oxidative stress produced by a metabolic toxin (3-NP) capable of impairing energy supply and produce selective striatal degeneration. These data contribute to a better understanding of the potential for thermal stress to modulate the type of oxidative stress usually present in neurodegenerative disorders associated with metabolic defects. C1 [Medina-Navarro, Rafael; Guerrero-Linares, Israel] CIBIMI IMSS, Dept Expt Metab, Ctr Biomed Res Michoacan, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Guerrero-Linares, Israel] Univ Michoacana, Grad Program Pharmacol, Morelia 58261, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Medina-Navarro, R, Univ Michoacana, Ctr Invest Biomed Michoacan, Calzada Ventura Puente Esq Rafael Carrillo,POB 7-, Morelia 58261, Michoacan, Mexico. 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J. Hyperthermia PY 2009 VL 25 IS 4 BP 280 EP 288 DI 10.1080/02656730902744387 PG 9 SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 483YK UT ISI:000269009200005 ER PT J AU Tellez-Sanchez, C Herrera-Ferreyra, MA Rutiaga-Quinones, JG AF Tellez-Sanchez, C. Herrera-Ferreyra, M. A. Rutiaga-Quinones, J. G. TI ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION AND PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL WOOD PROPERTIES OF Andira inermis (W. Wright) DC. (Leguminosae) SO REVISTA CHAPINGO SERIE CIENCIAS FORESTALES Y DEL AMBIENTE LA Spanish DT Article DE tropical woods; anatomical characteristics; physical properties; mechanical properties AB The anatomical description and physical and mechanical properties of the Andira inermis (W. Wright) DC. (Leguminosae) wood are presented in this paper. The testing material was obtained from one tree collected in the Arteaga municipality of the Michoacan State. In the anatomical description the IAWA nomenclature was used. The physical and mechanical properties were determined according to D 143-94 ASTM standards. A. inermis wood hat medium bright, attractive grain pattern, interlocked grain, diffuse porous and very thick cell wall. Its basic density is very high and its shrinkage is medium. Static bending SPL, MOR and MOE is high, very high and medium, respectively. Compression parallel to grain SPL is high, and MOR is very high. Compression perpendicular to grain SPL is very high. Janka hardness is very high. C1 [Tellez-Sanchez, C.; Herrera-Ferreyra, M. A.; Rutiaga-Quinones, J. G.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Tecnol Madera, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Tellez-Sanchez, C, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Tecnol Madera, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Chapingo Ser. Cienc. For. Am. PD JAN-JUN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 1 SI Sp. Iss. SI BP 15 EP 21 PG 7 SC Forestry GA 480PZ UT ISI:000268750000003 ER PT J AU Martinez-Ramos, M Anten, NPR Ackerly, DD AF Martinez-Ramos, Miguel Anten, Niels P. R. Ackerly, David D. TI Defoliation and ENSO effects on vital rates of an understorey tropical rain forest palm SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chamaedorea; defoliation; ENSO; leaf harvesting; non-timber forest products; palm demography; tropical rain forest ID ASTROCARYUM-MEXICANUM; EL-NINO; SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION; CHAMAEDOREA-RADICALIS; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PRODUCT EXTRACTION; LEAF HARVEST; PLANT AB P> Rain forest understorey plants suffer leaf area losses due to natural causes or when leaves are harvested as non-timber forest products. The negative effects of defoliation on plant fitness can be exacerbated during periods with strong water shortage and high temperatures, typical during ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) years in Mexico and Central America. At present, the isolated and combined demographic effects of ENSO events and repeated defoliation on tropical rain forest plants are poorly understood. We studied the consequences of repeated defoliation and an ENSO event on vital rates (mortality, growth, and reproduction) of the dioecious understorey palm Chamaedorea elegans. From March 1997 to March 2000 (including the 1998 ENSO year), we subjected 814 mature individuals to one of five defoliation treatments (0-100% of newly produced leaves were removed twice a year), recording mortality, growth (leaf production) and reproduction (inflorescence and seed production) every 6 months. Increasing defoliation strongly reduced reproduction but had smaller effects on growth and mortality. Among non-defoliated palms, the probability of mortality increased with light availability, likely due to drought stress during the dry season, but this was not the case for the defoliated plants, probably because leaf area removal lowered transpiration and increased the root mass-to-leaf area ratio. During the ENSO year, growth and inflorescence production were stimulated, but survivorship and seed production diminished significantly, independent of defoliation level. Synthesis. Variation in light availability and the occurrence of severe droughts can strongly affect demographic behaviour of understorey plants such as C. elegans, significantly influencing the effects of defoliation. Thus, strong episodic disturbance events (such as ENSO, insect outbreaks, strong storms, fires and landslides) should be taken into account to adequately understand the mechanisms that determine the population dynamics of forest plants and the potential for sustainable utilization of non-timber forest products. C1 [Martinez-Ramos, Miguel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Anten, Niels P. R.] Univ Utrecht, Sect Plant Ecol & Biodivers, Inst Environm Biol, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Ackerly, David D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Martinez-Ramos, M, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Campus Morelia,Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM mmartine@oikos.unam.mx FU National Science Foundation [BN 9604030]; National Autonomous University of Mexico [IN-2297507] FX We thank to Jorge Rodriguez-elazquez, Gilberto Jamangape, Taryn Fransen, Miguel Salinas, and Carlos Ramos for technical assistance. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant IBN 9604030) to D.D.A. and by the National Autonomous University of Mexico PAPIIT-DGAPA (grant IN-2297507) to M.M.R. 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Ecol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 97 IS 5 BP 1050 EP 1061 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01531.x PG 12 SC Plant Sciences; Ecology GA 482YX UT ISI:000268928200023 ER PT J AU Diaz-Magana, A Aguilar-Barajas, E Moreno-Sanchez, R Ramirez-Diaz, MI Riveros-Rosas, H Vargas, E Cervantes, C AF Diaz-Magana, Amada Aguilar-Barajas, Esther Moreno-Sanchez, Rafael Ramirez-Diaz, Martha I. Riveros-Rosas, Hector Vargas, Erendira Cervantes, Carlos TI Short-Chain Chromate Ion Transporter Proteins from Bacillus subtilis Confer Chromate Resistance in Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; EXPRESSION; EVOLUTION; EFFLUX; GENES; CHR AB Tandem paired genes encoding putative short-chain monodomain protein members of the chromate ion transporter (CHR) superfamily (ywrB and ywrA) were cloned from genomic DNA of Bacillus subtilis strain 168. The transcription of the paired genes, renamed chr3N and chr3C, respectively, was shown to occur via a bicistronic mRNA generated from a promoter upstream of the chr3N gene. The chr3N and chr3C genes conferred chromate resistance when expressed in Escherichia coli strain W3110. The cloned chr3N gene alone did not confer chromate resistance on E. coli, suggesting that both chr3N and chr3C genes are required for function. E. coli cells expressing paired chr3N and chr3C genes demonstrated diminished uptake of chromate compared to that by a vector-only control strain. These results suggest that short-chain CHR proteins form heterodimer transporters which efflux chromate ions from the cytoplasm. C1 [Diaz-Magana, Amada; Aguilar-Barajas, Esther; Ramirez-Diaz, Martha I.; Vargas, Erendira; Cervantes, Carlos] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quim Biol, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. [Moreno-Sanchez, Rafael] Inst Nacl Cardiol, Dept Bioquim, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Riveros-Rosas, Hector] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Bioquim, Fac Med, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Cervantes, C, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quim Biol, Edificio B-3,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. EM cvega1999@yahoo.com FU Coordinacion de Investigacion Cientifica [2.6]; Consejo Estatal de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Michoacan), ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico (CONACYT) [79190, 80534]; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia del DF [PICS08-5]; Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico [IN208308] FX The present work was supported partially by grants from the Coordinacion de Investigacion Cientifica (UMSNH; no. 2.6), Consejo Estatal de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Michoacan), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico (CONACYT; no. 79190 and 80534), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia del DF (no. PICS08-5), and Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico (UNAM; no. IN208308). A.D.-M. and E.A.-B. were recipients of postgraduate fellowships from CONACYT. 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Bacteriol. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 191 IS 17 BP 5441 EP 5445 DI 10.1128/JB.00625-09 PG 5 SC Microbiology GA 481LU UT ISI:000268813400013 ER PT J AU Garcia-Ferreira, S Gutev, V AF Garcia-Ferreira, Salvador Gutev, Valentin TI BAIRE PROPERTY AND WEB-ADJACENT SPACES SO HOUSTON JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Baire space; hyperspace; Vietoris topology; tree; branch space; web-adjacent spaces ID HYPERSPACES; PRODUCTS AB We introduce the concept of web-adjacent spaces X and Y, which is motivated by a construction of Krom [7]. The purpose of the paper is to generalize the Krom's result [7] by showing that if X and Y are web-adjacent spaces, then X is a Baire space if and only if Y is a Baire space. Further, we demonstrate that, for web-adjacent spaces X and Y, the corresponding Vietoris hyperspaces F(X) and F(Y) are also web-adjacent, consequently F(X) is Baire if and only if F(Y) is Baire. This refines the answer to a question of McCoy [8]. 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PY 2009 VL 35 IS 3 BP 857 EP 875 PG 19 SC Mathematics GA 480KB UT ISI:000268732200013 ER PT J AU Garduno-Monroy, VH Perez-Lopez, R Israde-Alcantara, I Rodriguez-Pascua, MA Szynkaruk, E Hernandez-Madrigal, VM Garcia-Zepeda, ML Corona-Chavez, P Ostroumov, M Medina-Vega, VH Garcia-Estrada, G Carranza, O Lopez-Granados, E Chaparro, JCM AF Garduno-Monroy, V. H. Perez-Lopez, R. Israde-Alcantara, I. Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A. Szynkaruk, E. Hernandez-Madrigal, V. M. Garcia-Zepeda, M. L. Corona-Chavez, P. Ostroumov, M. Medina-Vega, V. H. Garcia-Estrada, G. Carranza, O. Lopez-Granados, E. Chaparro, J. C. Mora TI Paleoseismology of the southwestern Morelia-Acambay fault system, central Mexico SO GEOFISICA INTERNACIONAL LA English DT Article DE Seismicity; Morelia; Active Tectonic; normal fault; Cuitzeo ID VOLCANIC BELT; EARTHQUAKE; EXTENSION; BASIN; MICHOACAN; PATZCUARO AB Fr The Morelia-Acambay Fault System (MAFS) consists of a sequence of E-W and NNE-SSW trending normal faults within the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The fault system is associated to the Chapala, Zacapu, Cuitzeo, Maravatio and Acambay lacustrine depressions. The E-W faults of MAFS appear to be 7-9 million yr old while the NNW-SSE faults are older and were reactivated producing stepped east-west geometry with a transtensional-right hand deformation. Seismic magnitudes of the E-W structures in the Morelia-Cuitzeo region are estimated. Cartography, structural geology, and trench stratigraphy of these faults suggest Holocene activity. Historical earthquakes disrupted paleosols containing Pirinda-Purepecha shards. These Historical earthquakes are also imprinted in seisms along E-W faults at Los Azufres geothermal field. In the Patzcuaro region, the E-W structures are also linked to strong seismic events occurred during prehistoric and historical times. The Jaracuaro lacustrine sequence in the southern Patzcuaro Lake contains evidence at least three important earthquakes (PostClassic, 1845 and 1858) and a possible tsunami associated to the 1858 event. The magnitude of this earthquake was estimated at similar to 7.3. An earthquake of this magnitude would damage a density populated area of Michoacan State. On October 17, 2007, three small earthquakes were felt in Morelia associated to normal E-W fault mechanisms of Central Camionera Fault corroborating the seismic potential of MAFS in the TMBV. C1 [Garduno-Monroy, V. H.; Israde-Alcantara, I.; Hernandez-Madrigal, V. M.; Corona-Chavez, P.; Ostroumov, M.; Medina-Vega, V. H.; Lopez-Granados, E.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Cuerpo Acad Consolidado Ciencias Tierra, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Perez-Lopez, R.; Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A.] Serv Geol & Minero Espana, Madrid, Spain. [Chaparro, J. C. Mora] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Dept Vulcanol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Garcia-Zepeda, M. L.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Carranza, O.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Juriquilla, Queretaro, Mexico. RP Garduno-Monroy, VH, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Cuerpo Acad Consolidado Ciencias Tierra, Ciudad Univ, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM vgmonroy@zeus.umich.mx FU CONACyT [37334-T]; Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica-UMSNH [1.17] FX This work was supported by the CONACyT grant 37334-T and by the Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica-UMSNH (1.17). Thanks to Sergio Zarate for translating the manuscript. Thank so much at the editor Dr. Cinna Lomnitz for your help and excellent comments. 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Int. PD JUL-SEP PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 319 EP 335 PG 17 SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 482MW UT ISI:000268894000006 ER PT J AU Franco-Hernandez, R Moran, JM Rodriguez, LF Garay, G AF Franco-Hernandez, Ramiro Moran, James M. Rodriguez, Luis F. Garay, Guido TI THE ROTATING MOLECULAR STRUCTURES AND THE IONIZED OUTFLOW ASSOCIATED WITH IRAS 16547-4247 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: formation; stars: individual (IRAS 16547-4247) ID MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; COLLIMATED JET SOURCE; H2O MASERS; SULFUR CHEMISTRY; PROPER MOTIONS; HOT CORES; IRAS-16547-4247; REGIONS; PROTOSTAR; ENVELOPES AB We present Very Large Array 1.3 cm radio continuum and water maser observations as well as Submillimeter Array SO2 ( 226.300 GHz) and 1.3 mm dust continuum observations toward the massive star formation region IRAS 16547-4247. We find evidence of multiple sources in the central part of the region. There is evidence of a rotating structure associated with the most massive of these sources, traced at small scales (similar to 50 AU) by the water masers. At large scales (similar to 1000 AU), we find a velocity gradient in the SO2 molecular emission with a barely resolved structure that can be modeled as a rotating ring or two separate objects. The velocity gradients of the masers and of the molecular emission have the same sense and may trace the same structure at different size scales. The position angles of the structures associated with the velocity gradients are roughly perpendicular to the outflow axis observed in radio continuum and several molecular tracers. We estimate the mass of the most massive central source to be around 30 solar masses from the velocity gradient in the water maser emission. The main source of error in this estimate is the radius of the rotating structure. We also find water masers that are associated with the large-scale molecular outflow of the system, as well as water masers that are associated with other sources in the region. Our results suggest that the formation of this source, one of the most luminous protostars or protostellar clusters known, is taking place with the presence of ionized jets and disk-like structures. C1 [Franco-Hernandez, Ramiro; Moran, James M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Franco-Hernandez, Ramiro; Rodriguez, Luis F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Garay, Guido] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. RP Franco-Hernandez, R, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rfranco@cfa.harvard.edu FU SAO ; CONACyT, Mexico ; DGAPA, UNAM ; CONICYT [15010003, PFB-06] FX We thank an anonymous referee for comments that improved two sections of the paper and for the suggestion of discussing the possibility of significant accretion luminosity. R. F. H. is grateful for support from an SAO predoctoral fellowship. L. F. R. acknowledges the support of CONACyT, Mexico and DGAPA, UNAM. G. G. acknowledges support from CONICYT projects FONDAP no. 15010003 and BASAL PFB-06. 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J. PD AUG 20 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 2 BP 974 EP 983 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/974 PG 10 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 480UE UT ISI:000268761500009 ER PT J AU Espinosa-de-los-Monteros-Franco, VA Martinez-Madrigal, F Ortiz-Hidalgo, C AF Espinosa-de-los-Monteros-Franco, Vladimir A. Martinez-Madrigal, Fernando Ortiz-Hidalgo, Carlos TI Granular cell tumor (Abrikossoff tumor) of the thyroid gland SO ANNALS OF DIAGNOSTIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Granular cell tumor; Thyroid AB Only 4 cases of granular cell tumor of the thyroid have been previously reported in the English literature. We report herein the fifth case of this uncommon neoplasm and the first one affecting a male patient. The tumor was well circumscribed and located to the left thyroid lobe, near the isthmus. Histologically, the tumor was composed of large, rounded, granular eosinophilic cells that were immunohistochemically positive for S-100, calretinin, and PGP9.5 and negative for cytokeratin AE1-3, TTF-1, and thyroglobulin. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Espinosa-de-los-Monteros-Franco, Vladimir A.; Ortiz-Hidalgo, Carlos] Amer British Cowdray Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Mexico City 01120, DF, Mexico. [Martinez-Madrigal, Fernando] Hosp Reg Zona 1, IMSS, Dept Pathol, Morelia 58260, Michoacan, Mexico. [Martinez-Madrigal, Fernando] Univ Michoacana, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ortiz-Hidalgo, Carlos] Univ Panamer, Sch Med, Dept Tissue & Cell Biol, Mexico City 03810, DF, Mexico. RP Ortiz-Hidalgo, C, Amer British Cowdray Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Mexico City 01120, DF, Mexico. EM cortiz@abchospital.com CR BALOCH ZW, 2005, INT J SURG PATHOL, V13, P291 MAHONEY CP, 1995, PEDIATR PATHOL LAB M, V15, P791 MILIAS S, 2004, HISTOPATHOLOGY, V44, P190 ORDONEZ NG, 1999, ADV ANAT PATHOL, V6, P186 PAPROSKI SM, 2001, ARCH PATHOL LAB MED, V125, P544 NR 5 TC 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1092-9134 J9 ANN DIAGN PATHOL JI Ann. Diagn. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 13 IS 4 BP 269 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2008.04.008 PG 3 SC Pathology GA 482UI UT ISI:000268913900008 ER PT J AU Hargreaves, JSJ Howe, RF Mckay, D Morrison, E Rico, JL Stockenhuber, M AF Hargreaves, J. S. J. Howe, R. F. Mckay, D. Morrison, E. Rico, J. L. Stockenhuber, M. TI Nitridation of MoO3/HZSM-5 and Fe-MoO3/HZSM-5 SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Nitride; Zeolite; XPS; FTIR ID AMMONIA-SYNTHESIS ACTIVITY; COBALT MOLYBDENUM NITRIDE; MODIFIED MO/HZSM-5; CATALYSTS; METHANE; DECOMPOSITION; CONVERSION; REDUCTION; BENZENE; NAPHTHALENE AB Thermal treatment and subsequent ammonolysis of MoO3/H-ZSM-5 is shown to be an effective means for the preparation of zeolite dispersed nitrided molybdenum species. However, it is unlikely that these species reflect the bulk structures formed by analogous treatment of bulk MoO3 precursor. The inclusion of low levels of Fe as a dopant does not produce any apparent effects on the Mo XPS spectra, although the amount of N incorporation is increased, and iron is shown to be reduced to Fe-0. FTIR studies evidence the migration of molybdenum oxo species into the zeolite at the temperatures employed. C1 [Hargreaves, J. S. J.; Mckay, D.; Morrison, E.; Rico, J. L.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, WestCHEM, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Howe, R. F.] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. [Rico, J. L.] Univ Michoacana, Lab Catalisis, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. [Stockenhuber, M.] Univ Newcastle, Prior Res Ctr Energy, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Hargreaves, JSJ, Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, WestCHEM, Joseph Black Bldg, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM justinh@chem.gla.ac.uk FU EPSRC [GR/S87300/01]; Conacyt ; Universidad Michoacana FX JSJH and DM would like to acknowledge the EPSRC for providing support in the area of nitride catalysis under grant GR/S87300/01. JLR would like to acknowledge the generous support of Conacyt and Universidad Michoacana in allowing him to spend a sabbatical period at the University of Glasgow. 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Catal. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 52 IS 11 BP 1559 EP 1565 DI 10.1007/s11244-009-9288-z PG 7 SC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical GA 477EZ UT ISI:000268502700011 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, JA Guzman, FS Sarbach, O AF Gonzalez, J. A. Guzman, F. S. Sarbach, O. TI Instability of charged wormholes supported by a ghost scalar field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NORDSTROM BLACK-HOLES; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; TIME MACHINES; STABILITY; EQUATIONS; PERTURBATIONS; SCHWARZSCHILD; SYSTEMS AB In previous work, we analyzed the linear and nonlinear stability of static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions to Einstein's field equations coupled to a massless ghost scalar field. Our analysis revealed that all these solutions are unstable with respect to linear and nonlinear spherically symmetric perturbations and showed that the perturbation causes the wormholes to either decay to a Schwarzschild black hole or undergo a rapid expansion. Here, we consider charged generalization of the previous models by adding to the gravitational and ghost scalar field an electromagnetic one. We first derive the most general static, spherically symmetric wormholes in this theory and show that they give rise to a four-parameter family of solutions. This family can be naturally divided into subcritical, critical and supercritical solutions depending on the sign of the sum of the asymptotic masses. Then, we analyze the linear stability of these solutions. We prove that all subcritical and all critical solutions possess one exponentially in time growing mode. It follows that all subcritical and critical wormholes are linearly unstable. In the supercritical case we provide numerical evidence for the existence of a similar unstable mode. C1 [Gonzalez, J. A.; Guzman, F. S.; Sarbach, O.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Rev. D PD JUL PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 AR 024023 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.024023 PG 12 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 478WH UT ISI:000268618800074 ER PT J AU Campagnari, DR Reinhardt, H Weber, A AF Campagnari, Davide R. Reinhardt, Hugo Weber, Axel TI Perturbation theory in the Hamiltonian approach to Yang-Mills theory in Coulomb gauge SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We study the Hamiltonian approach to Yang-Mills theory in Coulomb gauge in Rayleigh-Schroumldinger perturbation theory. The static gluon and ghost propagator as well as the potential between static color sources are calculated to one-loop order. Furthermore, the one-loop beta function is calculated from both the ghost-gluon vertex and the static potential and found to agree with the result of covariant perturbation theory. C1 [Campagnari, Davide R.; Reinhardt, Hugo] Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Weber, Axel] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Campagnari, DR, Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. 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Rev. D PD JUL PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 AR 025005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.025005 PG 11 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 478WH UT ISI:000268618800101 ER PT J AU Lopez-Flores, V MacGregor-Fors, I Schondube, JE AF Lopez-Flores, Victor MacGregor-Fors, Ian Schondube, Jorge E. TI Artificial nest predation along a Neotropical urban gradient SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Urban environment; Urbanization gradient; Urban ecology; Nest predation; Artificial nests ID SPECIES ENDANGERMENT; UNITED-STATES; BIRD NESTS; SMALL EGGS; FOREST; SUCCESS; ABUNDANCE; EDGE; HABITATS; AREAS AB Urbanization processes transform landscapes worldwide, concentrating human population and generating non-sustainable patterns of resource exploitation. Although nest predation is known to influence urban bird dynamics, predation of nests along urban gradients is poorly understood. In fact, results of previous studies are contradictory, suggesting both increases and decreases of nest predation along urbanization gradients. To determine nest predation along a Neotropical urbanization gradient, we monitored artificial nests in urban, suburban, and shrubland environments. Nest survivorship was higher in the shrubland than in the urbanized environments, however the speed at which nests were depredated did not differ along the urbanization gradient. Although the number of nests depreciated by different predator taxa (birds and mammals) was similar among environments, birds were the main predators in all habitats. We attribute higher artificial nest predation in urbanized environments to high densities of House Sparrows and Bronzed Cowbirds, two abundant potential predatory species. Based on our results, we suggest that adding native vegetation components, managing the way in which trees and shrubs are pruned, controlling human-negative activities that directly affect bird reproduction, and establishing artificial nesting structures should promote bird diversity within Neotropical cities. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lopez-Flores, Victor; MacGregor-Fors, Ian; Schondube, Jorge E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Lab Ecol Func, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Lopez-Flores, Victor] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Escuela Biol, Puebla 72570, Mexico. RP MacGregor-Fors, I, Apartado Postal 27,Adm 3, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ian@oikos.unam.mx FU Macroproyecto: Manejo de Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Humano - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [SDEI-PTID-02]; PAPIIT [IN228007-3]; CONACYT [203142] FX We thank Dr. Lindig-Cisneros and Dr. Quesada-Lara for discussions related to the analysis of the data. We also thank Andrea Contreras, Alicia Sevilla, Lorena Morales-Perez, Anali Escobar, and Javi Quesadilla for helping with fieldwork. Three anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. Research funds were granted to J.E.S. by the Macroproyecto: Manejo de Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Humano - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (SDEI-PTID-02), and PAPIIT project (IN228007-3). IM-F, as part of the Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, received a Master's scholarship from CONACYT (203142). 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Urban Plan. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 92 IS 2 BP 90 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.03.001 PG 6 SC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies GA 479LJ UT ISI:000268660500004 ER PT J AU Pineda, S Martinez, AM Figueroa, JI Schneider, MI Del Estal, P Vinuela, E Gomez, B Smagghe, G Budia, F AF Pineda, Samuel Martinez, Ana-Mabel Figueroa, Jose-Issac Schneider, Marcela-Ines Del Estal, Pedro Vinuela, Elisa Gomez, Benjamin Smagghe, Guy Budia, Flor TI Influence of Azadirachtin and Methoxyfenozide on Life Parameters of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera littoralis; insect growth regulators; development; fecundity; fertility ID HYPOSOTER-DIDYMATOR; NEEM TREE; TOXICITY; SPINOSAD; INDICA; REPRODUCTION; INSECTICIDES; OVIPOSITION; COLEOPTERA; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Effects on adult longevity, fecundity and fertility, as well as long-term effects on progeny were determined through oral exposure of Spodoptera. littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) adults to azadirachtin and methoxyfenozide. Both compounds reduced adult longevity by 2.3 d at the higher concentrations tested, but no significant differences were observed between sexes. Fecundity and fertility were significantly affected for both insecticides, although this effect was only dose-dependent for azadirachtin. The progeny from adults treated with azadirachtin or methoxyfenozide were only affected in percentage of pupation of eggs that successfully hatched., but no effects were observed in adult emergence of individuals that successfully pupated for either insecticide. In the second part of this study, each sex was exposed separately to methoxyfenozide by topical application or ingestion. Adult fecundity was more affected when moths were treated by ingestion than when treated topically, with a mean number eggs laid per female of 343 +/- 89 and 932 +/- 79, respectively. Finally, azadirachtin applied to pepper plants showed a significant oviposition deterrence activity on S. littoralis adults. However, when fecundity was scored for one additional day in females that had been previously exposed to pepper, Capsicum annum L., plants treated with this insecticide, the number of eggs laid per female did not differ significantly from that of controls. The effects of azadirachtin and methoxyfenozide on S. littoralis suggest changes in population dynamics of this pest in crops treated with these insecticides. C1 [Pineda, Samuel; Schneider, Marcela-Ines; Del Estal, Pedro; Vinuela, Elisa; Budia, Flor] Escuela Tecn Super Ingenieros Agron, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Gomez, Benjamin] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Smagghe, Guy] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Lab Agrozool, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Pineda, S, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Agropecuarias & Forestales, Km 9-5 Carr, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. EM spineda_us@yahoo.com FU International Foundation for Science, Stockholm, Sweden ; Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado ; Coordinacion de la Investigacien Cientifica ; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolds de Hidalgo FX We are grateful to Jose Segura (Universidad Autenoma de Yucatdn) for statistical assistance with analysis. Marcela-Ines Schneider is member of the research career of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas. This research was supported by the International Foundation for Science, Stockholm, Sweden; the Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (PROMEP-PTC-101); and the Coordinacion de la Investigacien Cientifica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolds de Hidalgo through a grant to S.P. The manuscript was improved by the comments of Esteban Rodriguez (Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Estado de Mexico) and Trevor Williams (Instituto de Ecologfa A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz). 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Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 102 IS 4 BP 1490 EP 1496 PG 7 SC Entomology GA 479GL UT ISI:000268647600015 ER PT J AU Aguilar-Lopez, R Martinez-Guerra, R Maya-Yescas, R AF Aguilar-Lopez, Ricardo Martinez-Guerra, Rafael Maya-Yescas, Rafael TI Temperature Regulation via PI High-Order Sliding-Mode Controller Design: Application to a Class of Chemical Reactor SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE CSTR; practical stability robust control; integral high-order sliding-mode ID DISTILLATION COLUMN; NONLINEAR CONTROL; CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; ROBUST; OBSERVER; DYNAMICS AB The main issue of this paper is the synthesis of a robust control law for regulation purposes, which is applied to a class of chemical reactor which exhibits highly nonlinear and oscillatory behavior. The considered methodology employs the typical structure of Proportional-Integral controllers, where the corresponding integral term is now proposed as an integral high order sliding-mode compensator, which deals with the intrinsic nonlinearities of the system to be regulated. A theoretical frame is provided to demonstrate that the proposed controller produces semi-global practical stability; performance of the proposed methodology is assessed via comparison with other controllers. C1 [Aguilar-Lopez, Ricardo; Martinez-Guerra, Rafael] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Maya-Yescas, Rafael] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Aguilar-Lopez, R, IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. 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J. Chem. React. Eng. PY 2009 VL 7 AR S1 PG 18 SC Engineering, Chemical GA 478MF UT ISI:000268591700001 ER PT J AU Cruz-Robles, D Chavez-Gonzalez, JP Cavazos-Quero, MM Perez-Mendez, O Reyes, PA Vargas-Alarcon, G AF Cruz-Robles, David Pablo Chavez-Gonzalez, Juan Magdalena Cavazos-Quero, Maria Perez-Mendez, Oscar Reyes, Pedro A. Vargas-Alarcon, Gilberto TI Association Between IL-1B and IL-1RN Gene Polymorphisms and Chagas' Disease Development Susceptibility SO IMMUNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS LA English DT Article DE Chagas' disease; Genetic polymorphisms; Interleukin 1; Trypanosoma cruzi ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; INTERLEUKIN-1; IL-1-BETA; ARTHRITIS; CLUSTER; ALPHA; RISK AB Though it is known that the immune system exerts some influence on the resistance against T. cruzi infection its precise role in this process is not well-understood. Some IL-1B alleles and haplotypes have been associated with susceptibility to inflammatory, autoimmune and infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine and compare the distribution of IL-1B and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) polymorphisms among T. cruzi seropositive patients, patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) and healthy individuals. We studied 86 individuals seropositive for T. cruzi (58 patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) and 28 asymptomatics), 50 seronegative individuals with IDC and 109 healthy individuals. IL-IB-511, IL-1F10.3 IL-1RN.4, IL-1RN 6/1, and IL-1RN 6/2 polymorphisms were analyzed using real-time PCR allelic discrimination technology. Infected patients presented an increased frequency of the CC genotype of the IL-1RN.4 polymorphism when compared to IDC (pC = 0.028; OR = 11.46). The C allele of this polymorphism was found increased in CCC when compared with IDC (pC = 0.036; OR = 0.5) and with controls (pC = 0.035; OR = 1.87). CC genotype of IL-1RN.4 polymorphism was increased in patients with CCC when compared to IDC (pC = 0.0018; OR = 16.74) and healthy individuals (pC = 0.011; OR = 3.6). There is an evident association between the IL1RN.4 polymorphism, T. cruzi infection and CCC development. C1 [Cruz-Robles, David; Magdalena Cavazos-Quero, Maria; Perez-Mendez, Oscar; Vargas-Alarcon, Gilberto] Inst Nacl Cardiol, Dept Biol Mol, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico. [Cruz-Robles, David; Magdalena Cavazos-Quero, Maria; Perez-Mendez, Oscar; Vargas-Alarcon, Gilberto] Inst Nacl Cardiol, Cardiovasc Dis Genom & Proteom Study Grp, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico. [Pablo Chavez-Gonzalez, Juan] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Reyes, Pedro A.] Inst Nacl Cardiol, Res Direct, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico. RP Vargas-Alarcon, G, Inst Nacl Cardiol, Dept Biol Mol, Ignacio Chavez Juan Badiano 1, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico. 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Invest. PY 2009 VL 38 IS 3-4 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1080/08820130902729637 PG 9 SC Immunology GA 478HC UT ISI:000268577400005 ER PT J AU Ligterink, NE Weber, A AF Ligterink, Norbert E. Weber, Axel TI Bound States in Yukawa Theory SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID BETHE-SALPETER-EQUATION; NUCLEON NUCLEON-INTERACTION; ONE-BOSON-EXCHANGE; INTEGRAL EQUATIONS; MODEL; SCATTERING; DEUTERON; FERMIONS; FORM AB A generalization of the Gell-Mann-Low Theorem is applied to lowest nontrivial order to bound state calculations in Yukawa theory. We present the solution of the corresponding effective Schrodinger equation for two-fermion bound states with the exchange of a massless boson. The complete low-lying bound state spectrum is obtained for fine structure constants below one and different ratios of the constituent masses. The consistency of the nonrelativistic and one-body limits is explicitly verified. C1 [Weber, Axel] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ligterink, Norbert E.] TMC Phys BV, NL-5600 AS Eindhoven, Netherlands. RP Weber, A, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Edificio C-3,Ciudad Univ,Postal 2-82, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. EM norbert.ligterink@physics.org axel@ifm.umich.mx FU CIC-UMSNH ; Conacyt [32729-E, 46513-F] FX One of us (A. Weber) gratefully acknowledges support by CIC-UMSNH and Conacyt grants 32729-E and 46513-F. Part of the research (by N. E. Ligterink) was done at the Department of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Pittsburgh in the group of Eric Swanson and Steve Dytman, supported by the DoE and JLab. N. E. Ligterink likes to thank the IFM for their hospitality. 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Grillo, AF Guardincerri, Y Guarino, F Guedes, GP Gutierrez, J Hague, JD Halenka, V Hansen, P Harari, D Harmsma, S Harton, JL Haungs, A Healy, MD Hebbeker, T Hebrero, G Heck, D Hojvat, C Holmes, VC Homola, P Horandel, JR Horneffer, A Hrabovsky, M Huege, T Hussain, M Iarlori, M Insolia, A Ionita, F Italiano, A Jiraskova, S Kaducak, M Kampert, KH Karova, T Kasper, P Kegl, B Keilhauer, B Kemp, E Kieckhafer, RM Klages, HO Kleifges, M Kleinfeller, J Knapik, R Knapp, J Koang, DH Krieger, A Kromer, O Kruppke, D Kuempel, D Kunka, N Kusenko, A La Rosa, G Lachaud, C Lago, BL Leao, MSAB Lebrun, D Lebrun, P Lee, J de Oliveira, MAL Lemiere, A Letessier-Selvon, A Leuthold, M Lhenry-Yvon, I Lopez, R Agueera, AL Bahilo, JL Lucero, A Garcia, RL Maccarone, MC Macolino, C Maldera, S Mandat, D Mantsch, P Mariazzi, AG Maris, IC Falcon, HRM Martello, D Martinez, J Bravo, OM Mathes, HJ Matthews, J Matthews, JAJ Matthiae, G Maurizio, D Mazur, PO McEwen, M McNeil, RR Medina-Tanco, G Melissas, M Melo, D Menichetti, E Menshikov, A Meyhandan, R Micheletti, MI Miele, G Miller, W Miramonti, L Mollerach, S Monasor, M Ragaigne, DM Montanet, F Morales, B Morello, C Moreno, JC Morris, C Mostafa, M Mueller, S Mueller, MA Mussa, R Navarra, G Navarro, JL Navas, S Necesal, P Nellen, L Newman-Holmes, C Newton, D Nhung, PT Nierstenhoefer, N Nitz, D Nosek, D Nozka, L Oehlschlager, J Olinto, A Olmos-Gilbaja, VM Ortiz, M Ortolani, F Pacheco, N Selmi-Dei, DP Palatka, M Pallotta, J Parente, G Parizot, E Parlati, S Pastor, S Patel, M Paul, T Pavlidou, V Payet, K Pech, M Pekala, J Pelayo, R Pepe, IM Perrone, L Pesce, R Petermann, E Petrera, S Petrinca, P Petrolini, A Petrov, Y Petrovic, J Pfendner, C Pichel, A Piegaia, R Pierog, T Pimenta, M Pinto, T Pirronello, V Pisanti, O Platino, M Pochon, J Ponce, VH Pontz, M Privitera, P Prouza, M Quel, EJ Rautenberg, J Ravignani, D Redondo, A Reucroft, S Revenu, B Rezende, FAS Ridky, J Riggi, S Risse, M Riviere, C Rizi, V Robledo, C Rodriguez, G Martino, JR Rojo, 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Valore, L van den Berg, AM Vazquez, RA Veberic, D Velarde, A Venters, T Verzi, V Videla, M Villasenor, L Vorobiov, S Voyvodic, L Wahlberg, H Wahrlich, P Wainberg, O Warner, D Watson, AA Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Wieczorek, G Wiencke, L Wilczynska, B Wilczynski, H Wileman, C Winnick, MG Wu, H Wundheiler, B Younk, P Yuan, G Zas, E Zavrtanik, D Zavrtanik, M Zaw, I Zepeda, A Ziolkowski, M AF Abraham, J. Abreu, P. Aglietta, M. Aguirre, C. Ahn, E. J. Allard, D. Allekotte, I. Allen, J. Allison, P. Alvarez-Muniz, J. Ambrosio, M. Anchordoqui, L. Andringa, S. Anzalone, A. Aramo, C. Argiro, S. Arisaka, K. Arneodo, F. Arqueros, F. Asch, T. Asorey, H. Assis, P. Aublin, J. Ave, M. Avila, G. Baecker, T. Badagnani, D. Barber, K. B. Barbosa, A. F. Barroso, S. L. C. Baughman, B. Bauleo, P. Beatty, J. J. Beau, T. Becker, B. R. Becker, K. H. Belletoile, A. Bellido, J. A. BenZvi, S. Berat, C. Bernardini, P. Bertou, X. Biermann, P. L. Billoir, P. Blanch-Bigas, O. Blanco, F. Bleve, C. Bluemer, H. Bohacova, M. Bonifazi, C. Bonino, R. Brack, J. Brogueira, P. Brown, W. C. Bruijn, R. Buchholz, P. Bueno, A. Burton, R. E. Busca, N. G. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Caramete, L. Caruso, R. Carvalho, W. Castellina, A. Catalano, O. Cazon, L. Cester, R. Chauvin, J. Chiavassa, A. Chinellato, J. A. Chou, A. Chudoba, J. Chye, J. Clay, R. W. Colombo, E. Conceicao, R. Connolly, B. Contreras, F. Coppens, J. Cordier, A. 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Luna Garcia, R. Maccarone, M. C. Macolino, C. Maldera, S. Mandat, D. Mantsch, P. Mariazzi, A. G. Maris, I. C. Marquez Falcon, H. R. Martello, D. Martinez, J. Martinez Bravo, O. Mathes, H. J. Matthews, J. Matthews, J. A. J. Matthiae, G. Maurizio, D. Mazur, P. O. McEwen, M. McNeil, R. R. Medina-Tanco, G. Melissas, M. Melo, D. Menichetti, E. Menshikov, A. Meyhandan, R. Micheletti, M. I. Miele, G. Miller, W. Miramonti, L. Mollerach, S. Monasor, M. Ragaigne, D. Monnier Montanet, F. Morales, B. Morello, C. Moreno, J. C. Morris, C. Mostafa, M. Mueller, S. Mueller, M. A. Mussa, R. Navarra, G. Navarro, J. L. Navas, S. Necesal, P. Nellen, L. Newman-Holmes, C. Newton, D. Nhung, P. T. Nierstenhoefer, N. Nitz, D. Nosek, D. Nozka, L. Oehlschlaeger, J. Olinto, A. Olmos-Gilbaja, V. M. Ortiz, M. Ortolani, F. Pacheco, N. Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk Palatka, M. Pallotta, J. Parente, G. Parizot, E. Parlati, S. Pastor, S. Patel, M. Paul, T. Pavlidou, V. Payet, K. Pech, M. Pekala, J. Pelayo, R. Pepe, I. M. Perrone, L. Pesce, R. Petermann, E. Petrera, S. Petrinca, P. Petrolini, A. Petrov, Y. Petrovic, J. Pfendner, C. Pichel, A. Piegaia, R. Pierog, T. Pimenta, M. Pinto, T. Pirronello, V. Pisanti, O. Platino, M. Pochon, J. Ponce, V. H. Pontz, M. Privitera, P. Prouza, M. Quel, E. J. Rautenberg, J. Ravignani, D. Redondo, A. Reucroft, S. Revenu, B. Rezende, F. A. S. Ridky, J. Riggi, S. Risse, M. Riviere, C. Rizi, V. Robledo, C. Rodriguez, G. Martino, J. Rodriguez Rodriguez Rojo, J. Rodriguez-Cabo, I. Rodriguez-Frias, M. D. Ros, G. Rosado, J. Roth, M. Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B. Roulet, E. Rovero, A. C. Salamida, F. Salazar, H. Salina, G. Sanchez, F. Santander, M. Santo, C. E. Santos, E. M. Sarazin, F. Sarkar, S. Sato, R. Scharf, N. Scherini, V. Schieler, H. Schiffer, P. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, F. Schmidt, T. Scholten, O. Schoorlemmer, H. Schovancova, J. Schovanek, P. Schroeder, F. Schulte, S. Schuessler, F. Schuster, D. Sciutto, S. J. Scuderi, M. Segreto, A. Semikoz, D. Settimo, M. Shellard, R. C. Sidelnik, I. Siffert, B. B. Smetniansky De Grande, N. Smialkowski, A. Smida, R. Smith, B. E. Snow, G. R. Sommers, P. Sorokin, J. Spinka, H. Squartini, R. Strazzeri, E. Stutz, A. Suarez, F. Suomijaervi, T. Supanitsky, A. D. Sutherland, M. S. Swain, J. Szadkowski, Z. Tamashiro, A. Tamburro, A. Tarutina, T. Tascau, O. Tcaciuc, R. Tcherniakhovski, D. Thao, N. T. Thomas, D. Ticona, R. Tiffenberg, J. Timmermans, C. Tkaczyk, W. Peixoto, C. J. Todero Tome, B. Tonachini, A. Torres, I. Travnicek, P. Tridapalli, D. B. Tristram, G. Trovato, E. Tuci, V. Tueros, M. Ulrich, R. Unger, M. Urban, M. Valdes Galicia, J. F. Valino, I. Valore, L. van den Berg, A. M. Vazquez, R. A. Veberic, D. Velarde, A. Venters, T. Verzi, V. Videla, M. Villasenor, L. Vorobiov, S. Voyvodic, L. Wahlberg, H. Wahrlich, P. Wainberg, O. Warner, D. Watson, A. A. Westerhoff, S. Whelan, B. J. Wieczorek, G. Wiencke, L. Wilczynska, B. Wilczynski, H. Wileman, C. Winnick, M. G. Wu, H. Wundheiler, B. Younk, P. Yuan, G. Zas, E. Zavrtanik, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zaw, I. Zepeda, A. Ziolkowski, M. CA Pierre Auger Collaboration TI Upper limit on the cosmic-ray photon fraction at EeV energies from the Pierre Auger Observatory SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS; FLUORESCENCE; PROFILES; DETECTOR AB From direct observations of the longitudinal development of ultra-high energy air showers performed with the Pierre Auger Observatory, upper limits of 3.8%, 2.4%, 3.5% and 11.7% (at 95% c.l.) are obtained on the fraction of cosmic-ray photons above 2, 3, 5 and 10 EeV (1 EeV equivalent to 10(18) eV), respectively. These are the first experimental limits on ultra-high energy photons at energies below 10 EeV. The results complement previous constraints on top-down models from array data and they reduce systematic uncertainties in the interpretation of shower data in terms of primary flux, nuclear composition and proton-air cross-section. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 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[Argiro, S.; Cester, R.; Maurizio, D.; Melo, D.; Menichetti, E.; Mussa, R.; Tonachini, A.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Anzalone, A.; Catalano, O.; La Rosa, G.; Maccarone, M. C.; Segreto, A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Palermo INAF, Palermo, Italy. [Aglietta, M.; Bonino, R.; Castellina, A.; Chiavassa, A.; Fulgione, W.; Ghia, P. L.; Gorgi, A.; Lucero, A.; Maldera, S.; Morello, C.; Navarra, G.] Univ Turin, Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario INAF, Turin, Italy. [Arneodo, F.; Grillo, A. F.; Parlati, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Laquila, Italy. [Lopez, R.; Martinez Bravo, O.; Robledo, C.; Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B.; Salazar, H.; Torres, I.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Luna Garcia, R.; Martinez, J.] IPN, Ctr Invest Comp, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Zepeda, A.] CINVESTAV, IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. [Zepeda, A.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla, Mexico. [Pelayo, R.] IPN, Unidad Profes Interdisciplinaria Ingn & Tecnol Av, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Cotti, U.; Marquez Falcon, H. R.; Villasenor, L.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [D'Olivo, J. C.; Medina-Tanco, G.; Morales, B.; Nellen, L.; Sanchez, F.; Supanitsky, A. D.; Valdes Galicia, J. F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Coppens, J.; de Jong, S. J.; Falcke, H.; Grebe, S.; Horandel, J. R.; Horneffer, A.; Jiraskova, S.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Timmermans, C.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Fraenkel, E. D.; Harmsma, S.; Meyhandan, R.; Scholten, O.; van den Berg, A. M.] Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, Groningen, Netherlands. [Coppens, J.; Harmsma, S.; Petrovic, J.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Timmermans, C.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Gora, D.; Homola, P.; Pekala, J.; Wilczynska, B.; Wilczynski, H.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. 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D.; Ros, G.; Rosado, J.] Univ Alcala De Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Garcia Gamez, D.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.] CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Garcia Gamez, D.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain. [Alvarez-Muniz, J.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Olmos-Gilbaja, V. M.; Parente, G.; Rodriguez-Cabo, I.; Valino, I.; Vazquez, R. A.; Zas, E.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford, England. [Bruijn, R.; Knapp, J.; Newton, D.; Patel, M.; Smith, B. E.; Watson, A. A.; Wileman, C.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Spinka, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Burton, R. E.; Covault, C. E.; Ferrer, F.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sarazin, F.; Schuster, D.; Wiencke, L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Bauleo, P.; Brack, J.; Harton, J. 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[Billoir, P.; Blanch-Bigas, O.; Bonifazi, C.] Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, Paris 05, France. RP Abraham, J, CNEA, CONICET, UTN FRM, Observ Meteorol Parque Gral San Martin, Mendoza, Argentina. FU Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica ; Fundacion Antorchas ; Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza ; Municipalidad de Malargue ; NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas ; Australian Research Council ; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) ; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP) ; Fundacao de Amparo A Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) ; Fundacao de Amparo A Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) ; Ministerio de Ciecia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil ; AVCR [AV0Z10100502, AV0Z10100522]; GAAV [KJB300100801, KJB100100904]; MSMT-CR [LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, MSM0021620859]; Centre de Calcul [IN2P3/CNRS]; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ; Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France ; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) ; Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg ; Helmholtz-Gerneinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF) ; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung ; Nordrhein-Westfalen ; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft ; Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany ; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ; Ministero dell'Istruzione ; dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico ; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap ; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) ; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands ; Ministry of Science and Higher Education [1 P03 D 014 30, N202 090 31/0623, PAP/218/2006]; Fundacao para a Ciecia e a Tecnologia, Portugal ; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology ; Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia ; Comunidad de Madrid ; Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha ; FEDER funds ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion ; Xunta de Galicia, Spain ; Science and Technology Facilities Council,United Kingdom ; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; National Science Foundation [0450696]; Grainger Foundation USA ; ALFA-EC/HELEN ; European Union [MEIF-Cr-2005-025057] FX The successful installation and commissioning of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Fundacion Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina: the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo A Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo A Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Ministerio de Ciecia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB300100801 and KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, and MSM0021620859, Czech Republic: Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz-Gerneinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant Nos. 1 P03 D 014 30, N202 090 31/0623, and PAP/218/2006, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciecia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom: Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC/HELEN, European Union 6th Framework Program, Grant No. MEIF-Cr-2005-025057, and UNESCO. 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PD JUL PY 2009 VL 31 IS 6 BP 399 EP 406 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.04.003 PG 8 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 477TH UT ISI:000268541300001 ER PT J AU Arroyo-Rodriguez, V Toledo-Aceves, T AF Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor Toledo-Aceves, Tarin TI Impact of landscape spatial pattern on liana communities in tropical rainforests at Los Tuxtlas, Mexico SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Disturbance; Diversity; Ecological threshold; Forest fragmentation; Woody climber ID MONKEYS ALOUATTA-PALLIATA; BELOW-GROUND COMPETITION; PLANT-SPECIES DIVERSITY; HOWLER MONKEYS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SEED DISPERSAL; TREE SEEDLINGS; BIOLOGICAL STATION; WET FOREST; CONSERVATION AB Questions: What are the species composition and species and stein densities of liana communities in tropical landscapes of different deforestation levels? Which spatial attributes (forest cover, patch area, shape and isolation) have the strongest influence on liana communities in these landscapes? Location: Forty-five rainforest patches in Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. Methods: In three landscapes with different deforestation levels (HDL = 4%; IDL = 11%; and LDL = 24% of remaining forest cover) liana communities (DBH >= 2.5 cm) were characterized in 15 randomly selected patches per landscape (10 50 mx2 m transects per patch = 0.1 ha), and evaluated the effects of patch area, shape and isolation on liana species and stein density (number of species and stems per 0.1 ha). Results: A total of 64 taxa and 24 families were sampled. Species composition differed highly among landscapes, with HDL being the most dissimilar landscape. The response of lianas to landscape spatial pattern differed significantly among landscapes. Proximity to villages had a strong positive effect on species and stem densities in LDL and IDL. There was a sharp decrease in liana stein density in HDL, with four patches (27%) found to be unoccupied by lianas. Conclusions: Fragmentation may have a positive effect oil lianas, partly because of edge effects. This positive effect seems to be limited by the proportion of remaining forest cover in the landscape, as the liana communities had collapsed in the most deforested landscape. C1 [Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor] Inst Ecol AC, Dept Biodiversidad & Ecol Anim, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Toledo-Aceves, Tarin] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Sociales, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Arroyo-Rodriguez, V, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM victorarroyo_rodriguez@hotmail.com t.tarin@lycos.com FU The Department of Biodiversity and Animal Ecology at the Institute of Ecology (INECOL A.C.) ; General Department of International Relationships - Secretary of Public Education (SEP) in Mexico FX The Department of Biodiversity and Animal Ecology at the Institute of Ecology (INECOL A.C.) and the General Department of International Relationships - Secretary of Public Education (SEP) in Mexico, provided the financial support for the completion of this research. We thank F. Bongers for the helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript and K. MacMillan for the editing of the manuscript. We thank B. Gomez, R. Mateo-Gutierrez and family for their hospitality and invaluable help. M. Peredo-Nava (XAL herbarium) and G. Castillo-Campos provided valuable information for the identification and classification of plant species. 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Veg. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 12 IS 3 BP 340 EP 349 PG 10 SC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry GA 478EQ UT ISI:000268571000008 ER PT J AU Couturier, S Mas, JF Cuevas, G Benitez, J Vega-Guzman, A Coria-Tapia, V AF Couturier, Stephane Mas, Jean-Francois Cuevas, Gabriela Benitez, Jorge Vega-Guzman, Alvaro Coria-Tapia, Valdemar TI An Accuracy Index with Positional and Thematic Fuzzy Bounds for Land-use/Land-cover Maps SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID CATEGORICAL MAPS; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; NEW-YORK; ERROR; DEFORESTATION; UNCERTAINTY; OBJECTS; MATRIX AB This paper proposes a comprehensive framework for the accuracy assessment of taxonomically diverse LULC maps. A widely accepted difficulty in assessing such maps is associated with the vagueness in the interpretation of complex landscapes. For every class of the map, this method quantified the thematic and positional fuzziness of accuracy, induced by this difficulty. The labeling protocol consisted of a fuzzy comparison between the map and a reference maplet, for which degrees of positional and thematic tolerance con be user-defined. The construction of reference maplets permitted a flexible analysis (comparable with the assessment of other maps) of the positional fuzziness of the reference dataset and of the vagueness of the assessment process, while the alternate evaluation protocol. based oil traditional point like data collection, did not allow, such analysis. C1 [Couturier, Stephane; Vega-Guzman, Alvaro; Coria-Tapia, Valdemar] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, LAGE, Inst Geog, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Couturier, Stephane] Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr Etud Spatiale Biosphere CESBIO, CNRS, CNES, F-31401 Toulouse 4, France. [Mas, Jean-Francois; Cuevas, Gabriela] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIGA, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Benitez, Jorge] UAC, Ctr Ecol Pesqueria & Oceanog Golfo Mexico EPOMEX, Campeche 24030, Mexico. RP Couturier, S, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, LAGE, Inst Geog, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. 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Eng. Remote Sens. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 75 IS 7 BP 789 EP 805 PG 17 SC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 476SN UT ISI:000268465100006 ER PT J AU Brower, LP Williams, EH Slayback, DA Fink, LS Ramirez, MI Zubieta, RR Garcia, MIL Gier, P Lear, JA Van Hook, T AF Brower, Lincoln P. Williams, Ernest H. Slayback, Daniel A. Fink, Linda S. Isabel Ramirez, M. Zubieta, Raul R. Limon Garcia, M. Ivan Gier, Paul Lear, Jennifer A. Van Hook, Tonya TI Oyamel fir forest trunks provide thermal advantages for overwintering monarch butterflies in Mexico SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Conservation; hot water bottle effect; large and small trees; microclimate; Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve management; thermal buffering; thermal inertia; Conservacion; arboles grandes y pequenos; efecto de la botella de agua caliente; microclima; Manejo de la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca; proteccion termica; inercia termica ID RESERVES AB 1. Survival of overwintering monarch butterflies following severe wet winter storms in Mexico is substantially higher for butterflies that form clusters on the oyamel fir tree trunks than for those that form clusters on the fir boughs. 2. Thermal measurements taken at similar elevations with a weather station on the Sierra Chincua and within a Cerro Pelon and a Sierra Chincua overwintering area indicated that clustering on the fir trunks provides dual microclimatic benefits for the butterflies. a. At night, the minimum surface temperatures of all firs combined averaged 1.4 degrees C warmer than ambient forest temperatures, thereby enhancing protection against freezing for monarchs that are either wet or dry. We term this the 'hot water bottle effect.' b. During the day, the maximum surface temperatures of all firs combined averaged 1.2 degrees C cooler than ambient, a difference sufficient to lower the loss of the butterflies' lipid stores over the 154-day wintering season. 3. Larger diameter trees increase both microclimate benefits. 4. The results add a new dimension to improving the conservation management guidelines for the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. Strict enforcement against culling of larger trees and in favour of promoting old-growth oyamel forests will enhance two microclimatic benefits: butterfly mortality during severe winter weather will be reduced, and the butterflies' lipid savings over the winter will be enhanced.Los troncos del bosque de oyamel proporcionan ventajas termicas para las mariposas monarca invernantes en Mexico C1 [Brower, Lincoln P.; Fink, Linda S.; Van Hook, Tonya] Sweet Briar Coll, Dept Biol, Sweet Briar, VA 24595 USA. [Williams, Ernest H.] Hamilton Coll, Dept Biol, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. [Slayback, Daniel A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Isabel Ramirez, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Zubieta, Raul R.; Limon Garcia, M. Ivan] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geog, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Gier, Paul] Huntingdon Coll, Dept Biol, Montgomery, AL USA. [Lear, Jennifer A.] Natl Cathedral Sch, Dept Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Brower, LP, Sweet Briar Coll, Dept Biol, Sweet Briar, VA 24595 USA. EM brower@sbc.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0415340]; Lincoln Brower and Linda Fink as principal investigators ; October Hill Foundation ; Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary Foundation ; Leonard C. Ferguson Professorship Fund at Hamilton College ; DGAPA-PAPIIT [IN114707] FX We are grateful to Ing. Concepcion Miguel Martinez, Director of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve for facilitating our research, to the Ejido San Juan Xoconusco for access to the Pelon area, and to the Arizmendi family for accommodations in Angangueo. We thank Eligio Garcia Serrano of Zitacuaro, Michoacan, for help with preliminary thermal measurements in the Sierra Chincua. William H. Calvert (Austin, TX) and Barry Peers and Morag Hutchison (Canadian Museum of Nature) helped with the Piedra Herrada mortality study. We are grateful to Gordon Jones for discussion, Zach Dietz for assistance with statistics, and to Myron Zalucki, James Anderson, and Jenny Williams for critiques of the manuscript. Research support was provided by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0415340 to Sweet Briar College, with Lincoln Brower and Linda Fink as principal investigators, the October Hill Foundation, and the Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary Foundation. Ernest Williams was supported by the Leonard C. Ferguson Professorship Fund at Hamilton College, and DGAPA-PAPIIT (IN114707) provided financial support to M. Isabel Ramirez. 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Conserv. Divers. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 2 IS 3 BP 163 EP 175 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2009.00052.x PG 13 SC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology GA 474GA UT ISI:000268269400002 ER PT J AU Ortega-Varela, LF Herrera, JE Caram-Salas, NL Rocha-Gonzalez, HI Torres-Lopez, JE Granados-Soto, V AF Ortega-Varela, Luis F. Herrera, Jorge E. Caram-Salas, Nadia L. Rocha-Gonzalez, Hector I. Torres-Lopez, Jorge E. Granados-Soto, Vinicio TI Synergistic Antiallodynic Interaction of the Metamizol-Gabapentin Combination SO DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE synergy; isobologram; gabapentin; metamizol; antiallodynia; spinal nerve ligation ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PERIPHERAL-NERVE INJURY; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; TACTILE ALLODYNIA; ANTINOCICEPTIVE ACTION; CALCIUM-CHANNEL; FORMALIN TEST; DORSAL-HORN; RAT; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 AB This study was designed to evaluate the possible antiallodynic interaction between metamizol and gabapentin in rats submitted to L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation. Metamizol, gahapentin, or a combination of both drugs were assessed after oral and intrathecal administration in neuropathic rats. Metamizol partially reduced tactile allodynia after intrathecal, but not oral, administration. Conversely, gabapentin reduced tactile. allodynia in a dose-dependent manner after both administration routes. Oral administration of a constant dose of metanaizol (600 mg/kg) significantly increased the gabapentin-induced antiallodynic effect. Moreover, the gabapentin ED50 value was lower in the presence than in the absence of metamizol. Intrathecal co-administration of metamizol and gabapentin in a close-fixed ratio (0.5:0.5) reduced tactile allodynia in rats. The theoretical ED30 value for the spinal combination estimated from the isobologram was 118.4 +/- 12 mu g, whereas that experimental ED30 value was 66.2 +/- 10.1 mu g indicating a synergistic interaction. Results indicate that metamizol, a cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor, is able to reduce tactile allodynia as well to increase the antiallodynic effect of gahapentin in the neuropathic rat. This combination could be useful to treat neuropathic pain in humans. Drug Dev Res 70:386-394, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Caram-Salas, Nadia L.; Rocha-Gonzalez, Hector I.; Granados-Soto, Vinicio] CINVESTAV, Dept Farmacobiol, Mexico City 14330, DF, Mexico. [Ortega-Varela, Luis F.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ortega-Varela, Luis F.; Herrera, Jorge E.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Secc Estudios Posgrad & Invest, Escuela Super Med, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Torres-Lopez, Jorge E.] Univ Juarez Autonoma Tabasco, Lab Mecanismos Dolor, Ctr Invest & Posgrad, Div Acad Ciencias Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. RP Granados-Soto, V, CINVESTAV, Dept Farmacobiol, Calzada Tenorios 235,Col Granjas Coapa, Mexico City 14330, DF, Mexico. EM vgranados@prodigy.net.mx FU Conacyt [59879] FX This work was done at the Departamento de Farmacobiologia, Centro de Investigation y de Estudios Avanzados, Sede Sur. The authors greatly appreciate the technical and bibliographical assistance of Guadalupe C. Vidal-Cantu and Hector Vazquez, respectively. Luis F. Ortega-Varela is a Conacyt fellow. This work is part of the PhD dissertation of Luis F. Ortega-Varela and was partially supported by Conacyt, grant 59879 (V.G.-S.). 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Res. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 70 IS 5 BP 386 EP 394 DI 10.1002/ddr.20315 PG 9 SC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 476IQ UT ISI:000268433400005 ER PT J AU Neria-Gonzalez, MI Dominguez-Bocanegra, AR Torres, J Maya-Yescas, R Aguilar-Lopez, R AF Neria-Gonzalez, M. I. Dominguez-Bocanegra, A. R. Torres, J. Maya-Yescas, R. Aguilar-Lopez, R. TI Linearizing Control Based on Adaptive Observer for Anaerobic Continuous Sulphate Reducing Bioreactors with Unknown Kinetics SO CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING QUARTERLY LA English DT Article DE Observer-based controller; robust performance; sulphate reducing bioreactor; uncertain kinetics ID CHEMICAL-PROCESSES; NONLINEAR CONTROL; WASTE-WATER; BACTERIA; FEEDBACK; REACTORS; MODELS; POPULATIONS; COMPETITION; BIOFILMS AB Anaerobic reactors are a typical example of processes that exhibit non-linear behavior and, also time varying parameters; hence their operation is known to be difficult to model and control. In contrast to modeling approaches, in practice linear controllers are widely employed for industrial processes because of their easy implementation and manipulation by plant operators; nevertheless linear approaches are not robust when the operating conditions change suddenly and/or strong disturbances are present. In order to introduce robust controllers to these processes, this paper addresses the tracking problem for the substrate (sulphate) control in a class of continuous bioreactors. An experimentally corroborated bioreactor model serves as benchmark problem for advanced non-linear analysis and control techniques; taking into account system non-linearities, stability and performance objectives over large operating regions. It is considered that, as it is common in practice, the rate of substrate consumption exhibits uncertainty. Results show that the proposed controller exhibits better dynamic performance than a classical Proportional-Integral control tuned using the methodology suggested by Internal Model Control. C1 [Neria-Gonzalez, M. I.; Dominguez-Bocanegra, A. R.; Aguilar-Lopez, R.] IPN, CINVESTAV, Dept Biotecnol & Bioingn, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Torres, J.] IPN, CINVESTAV, Dept Automat Control, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Maya-Yescas, R.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Aguilar-Lopez, R, IPN, CINVESTAV, Dept Biotecnol & Bioingn, Av Inst Politecn Nacl 2508, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. 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Biochem. Eng. Q. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 23 IS 2 BP 179 EP 185 PG 7 SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical GA 476HK UT ISI:000268429900008 ER PT J AU Shaw, G Ferland, GJ Henney, WJ Stancil, PC Abel, NP Pellegrini, EW Baldwin, JA van Hoof, PAM AF Shaw, Gargi Ferland, G. J. Henney, W. J. Stancil, P. C. Abel, N. P. Pellegrini, E. W. Baldwin, J. A. van Hoof, P. A. M. TI ROTATIONALLY WARM MOLECULAR HYDROGEN IN THE ORION BAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual (Orion Bar); ISM: molecules ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; RAY IONIZATION RATE; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; ASTROPHYSICAL MEDIA; NEBULA; H-2; EMISSION; ABUNDANCES AB The Orion Bar is one of the nearest and best-studied photodissociation or photon-dominated regions (PDRs). Observations reveal the presence of H-2 lines from vibrationally or rotationally excited upper levels that suggest warm gas temperatures (400-700 K). However, standard models of PDRs are unable to reproduce such warm rotational temperatures. In this paper, we attempt to explain these observations with new comprehensive models which extend from the H+ region through the Bar and include the magnetic field in the equation of state. We adopt the model parameters from our previous paper which successfully reproduced a wide variety of spectral observations across the Bar. In this model, the local cosmic ray density is enhanced above the galactic background, as is the magnetic field, and which increases the cosmic ray heating elevating the temperature in the molecular region. The pressure is further enhanced above the gas pressure in the H+ region by the momentum transferred from the absorbed starlight. Here, we investigate whether the observed H2 lines can be reproduced with standard assumptions concerning the grain photoelectric emission. We also explore the effects due to the inclusion of recently computed H-2 + H-2, H-2 + H, and H-2 + He collisional rate coefficients. C1 [Shaw, Gargi] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Ferland, G. J.; van Hoof, P. A. M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Henney, W. J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Stancil, P. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Stancil, P. C.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Simulat Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Abel, N. P.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math & Phys, Coll Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Pellegrini, E. W.; Baldwin, J. A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [van Hoof, P. A. M.] Royal Observ Belgium, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. RP Shaw, G, Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. EM gargishaw@gmail.com gary@pa.uky.edu w.henney@astrosmo.unam.mx stancil@physast.uga.edu npabel2@gmail.com pelleg10@pa.msu.edu p.vanhoof@oma.be FU NASA [NNG05GD81G, 07-ATFP07-0124, STScI AR-10932]; NSF [AST-0607733, 0094050, 0607497, AST0607028, AST-0305833] FX P. C. S. acknowledges NASA grant NNG05GD81G and NSF grant AST-0607733. N. P. A. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Grant 0094050, 0607497 to The University of Cincinnati. P. v. H. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST0607028. J. A. B. gratefully acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-0305833. E. W. P. was supported by NASA ( 07-ATFP07-0124 and STScI AR-10932) and by NSF ( AST-0305833). G. J. F. is funded by NASA ( 07-ATFP07-0124) and NSF ( AST0607028). We thank the referee for thoughtful suggestions. 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J. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 1 BP 677 EP 685 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/677 PG 9 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 475ES UT ISI:000268341800057 ER PT J AU Hayashi, N Naumkin, PI AF Hayashi, Nakao Naumkin, Pavel I. TI Asymptotic properties of solutions to dispersive equation of Schrodinger type SO JOURNAL OF THE MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE asymptotics of solutions; dispersive equations; nonlinear problems ID LARGE TIME ASYMPTOTICS; NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER AB We find the asymptotic behavior for large time of solutions to the dispersive equations of Schrodinger type u(t) - i/rho|partial derivative(x)|(rho)u = 0, (t, x) is an element of R x R, where rho >= 2. We obtain some estimates of solutions of linear problem and apply them to nonlinear problems with power nonlinearities of order p >= 3. The nonexistence of wave operator and existence of the modified wave operator for the critical nonlinearity i lambda|u|(2)u are studied. C1 [Hayashi, Nakao] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Math, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Naumkin, Pavel I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Hayashi, N, Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Math, Osaka 5600043, Japan. 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PD JUL PY 2008 VL 60 IS 3 BP 631 EP 652 DI 10.2969/jmsj/06030631 PG 22 SC Mathematics GA 473FM UT ISI:000268191500001 ER PT J AU Hayashi, N Naumkin, PI AF Hayashi, Nakao Naumkin, Pavel I. TI Asymptotics of odd solutions of quadratic nonlinear Schrodinger equations SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Asymptotics of solutions; Nonlinear Schrodinger equations AB We consider the Cauchy problem for a quadratic nonlinear Schrodinger equation in the case of odd initial data from H-2 boolean AND H-0,H-2. We prove the global existence in time of solutions to the Cauchy problem and construct the modified asymptotics for large values of time. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hayashi, Nakao] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Math, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Naumkin, Pavel I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Hayashi, N, Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Math, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. EM nhayashi@math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp pavelni@matmor.unam.mx FU KAKENHI [20654014]; CONACYT FX The work of N.H. is partially supported by KAKENHI (No. 20654014). The work of P.I.N. is partially supported by CONACYT CR BARAB JE, 1984, J MATH PHYS, V25, P3270 HAYASHI N, 1988, ANN I H POINCARE PHY, V48, P17 HAYASHI N, 1994, DIFFERENTIAL INTEGRA, V7, P453 HAYASHI N, 2001, ELECT J DIFFERENTIAL HAYASHI N, 2002, J DIFFER EQUATIONS, V186, P165 HAYASHI N, 2008, ELECT J DIFFERENTIAL SHATAH J, 1985, COMMUN PUR APPL MATH, V38, P685 NR 7 TC 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-247X J9 J MATH ANAL APPL JI J. Math. Anal. Appl. PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 359 IS 1 BP 146 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jmaa.2009.05.009 PG 13 SC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics GA 473GT UT ISI:000268195000015 ER PT J AU Sigaut, N AF Sigaut, Nelly TI The power of colors. From the material to the symbolic in Andean cultural practices. XVI-XVIII centuries SO GOYA LA Spanish DT Book Review C1 [Sigaut, Nelly] Colegio Michoacan, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Sigaut, N, Colegio Michoacan, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. CR SIRACUSANO G, 2005, PODER COLORES MATERI NR 1 TC 0 PU FUNDACION LAZARO GALDIANO PI MADRID PA GOYA, REVISTA DE ARTE SERRANO 122, 28006 MADRID, SPAIN SN 0017-2715 J9 GOYA JI Goya PD APR-JUN PY 2009 IS 327 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 SC Art GA 472WL UT ISI:000268163400012 ER PT C AU Vazquez-Marrufo, G Tafolla-Munoz, I Robinson-Fuentes, VA Vazquez-Garciduenas, MS AF Vazquez-Marrufo, G. Tafolla-Munoz, I. Robinson-Fuentes, V. A. Vazquez-Garciduenas, M. S. TI Typing bacterial isolates from feces of healthy Mexican volunteers and analysis of the genetic bases for tetracycline resistance SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vazquez-Marrufo, G.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zoot, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Tafolla-Munoz, I.; Robinson-Fuentes, V. A.; Vazquez-Garciduenas, M. S.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Med & Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. NR 0 TC 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 276 SU Suppl. 1 BP 350 EP 350 PG 1 SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 458ZS UT ISI:000267069901076 ER PT C AU Vazquez-Marrufo, G Rosales-Castillo, A Robinson-Fuentes, VA Chassin-Noria, O Vazquez-Garciduenas, MS AF Vazquez-Marrufo, G. Rosales-Castillo, A. Robinson-Fuentes, V. A. Chassin-Noria, O. Vazquez-Garciduenas, M. S. TI Enterobacteria associated to small scale dairy farms from Mexico SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vazquez-Marrufo, G.; Rosales-Castillo, A.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zoot, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Robinson-Fuentes, V. A.; Vazquez-Garciduenas, M. S.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Med & Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Chassin-Noria, O.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. NR 0 TC 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 276 SU Suppl. 1 BP 350 EP 350 PG 1 SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 458ZS UT ISI:000267069901077 ER PT J AU Martinez-Flores, HE Maya-Cortes, DC Figueroa-Cardenas, JD Garnica-Romo, MG Ponce-Saavedra, J AF Martinez-Flores, H. E. Maya-Cortes, D. C. Figueroa-Cardenas, J. D. Garnica-Romo, M. G. Ponce-Saavedra, J. TI Chemical composition and physicochemical properties of shiitake mushroom and high fiber products SO CYTA-JOURNAL OF FOOD LA English DT Article DE shiitake; Lentinus edodes; dietary fiber; physicochemical properties ID DIETARY FIBER; EDODES AB Increasing dietary fiber (DF) intake may help to decrease risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. The objective of this work was to study and compare the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of some products used as DF sources. The DF source products evaluated were Metamucil, Kania, Tarasca, Nopalinaza, Xotzil and dried shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes). Metamucil showed the highest content of DF (52.72%), followed by Kania (50.57%) and DS (49.09%). Also, Metamucil, Kania and DS showed the highest water absorption values 15.9, 8.5, and 5.7 g water/g sample respectively, while DS showed the highest oil absorption capacity (3.1 g oil/g sample). Best values delaying diffusion of glucose were obtained in Metamucil, Nopalinaza, Kania and DS samples. Multiple correlation analysis indicated that soluble fiber contents positively correlated with water absorption capacity, viscosity and minor particle size. C1 [Martinez-Flores, H. E.; Maya-Cortes, D. C.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Quim Farmacobiol, Queretaro 76230, Qro, Mexico. [Figueroa-Cardenas, J. D.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, IPN, Unidad Queretaro, Queretaro 76230, Qro, Mexico. [Garnica-Romo, M. G.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58098, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ponce-Saavedra, J.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Morelia 58098, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Martinez-Flores, HE, Univ Michoacana, Fac Quim Farmacobiol, Libramiento Norponiente 2000, Queretaro 76230, Qro, Mexico. EM hedu65@hotmail.com CR *AACC, 2000, APPR METH AACC *SAS I INC, 2005, JMP STAT DISC VERS 6 ADIOTOMRE J, 1990, AM J CLIN NUTR, V52, P128 BEELMAN RB, 2004, SCI CULTIVATION EDIB, P1 BRAUER D, 2002, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V50, P5333, DOI 10.1021/jf020080l CHUN S, 2005, J SENS STUD, V20, P156 HIBETT SD, 2001, J BIOGEOGR, V28, P231 MATTILA P, 2002, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V50, P6419, DOI 10.1021/jf020608m MIZUNO T, 1995, FOOD REV INT, V11, P111 NELSON AL, 2001, HIGH FIBER INGREDIEN, P1 PROSKY L, 1988, J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM, V71, P1018 PROSKY L, 1999, TRENDS FOOD SCI TECH, V10, P271 SADLER M, 2003, NUTR B, V28, P305 SHIYI O, 2001, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V49, P1026 SOSULSKI FW, 1962, CEREAL CHEM, V39, P344 THEANDER O, 1993, CEREAL FOOD WORLD, V38, P135 VENEMA K, 2004, DIETARY FIBRE BIOACT, P108 NR 17 TC 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1947-6345 J9 CYTA-J FOOD JI CyTA-J. Food PY 2009 VL 7 IS 1 BP 7 EP 14 DI 10.1080/11358120902850537 PG 8 SC Food Science & Technology GA 473UD UT ISI:000268234200002 ER PT J AU Barboza-Corona, JE de la Fuente-Salcido, N Alva-Murillo, N Ochoa-Zarzosa, A Lopez-Meza, JE AF Eleazar Barboza-Corona, Jose de la Fuente-Salcido, Norma Alva-Murillo, Nayeli Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra Lopez-Meza, Joel E. TI Activity of bacteriocins synthesized by Bacillus thuringiensis against Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated to bovine mastitis SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bovine mastitis; Antibiotics; Bacteriocins ID ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; MEXICAN STRAINS AB Antimicrobial therapy is a useful tool to control bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, as consequence an increase in staphylococci resistant cases has been registered. Alternative strategies are desirable and bacteriocins represent attractive control agents to prevent bovine mastitis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the activity of five bacteriocins synthesized by Bacillus thuringiensis against S. aureus isolates associated to bovine mastitis. Fifty S. aureus isolates were recovered from milk composite samples of 26 Holstein lactating cows from one herd during September 2007 to February 2008 in Mexico and susceptibility of those isolates to 12 antibiotics and 5 bacteriocins from B. thuringiensis was evaluated. S. aureus isolates were mainly resistant to penicillin (92%), dicloxacillin (86%), ampicillin (74%) and erythromycin (74%); whereas susceptibility to gentamicin, trimethoprim and tetracycline was detected at, respectively, 92%, 88%, and 72%. All S. aureus isolates showed susceptibility to the five bacteriocins synthesized by B. thuringiensis, mainly to morricin 269 and kurstacin 287 followed by kenyacin 404, entomocin 420 and tolworthcin 524. Our results showed that S. aureus isolates had differences in the antimicrobial resistance patterns and were susceptible to bacteriocins produced by B. thuringiensis, which could be useful as an alternative method to control bovine mastitis. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Alva-Murillo, Nayeli; Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra; Lopez-Meza, Joel E.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Adm Chapultepec, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. [Eleazar Barboza-Corona, Jose; de la Fuente-Salcido, Norma] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ingn Alimentos, Div Ciencias Vida, Guanajuato 36500, Mexico. [de la Fuente-Salcido, Norma] Univ Autonoma Coahuila, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Torreon 27440, Coahuila, Mexico. RP Lopez-Meza, JE, Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Adm Chapultepec, Apdo Postal 53, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. EM elmeza@zeus.umich.mx FU Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica-UMSNH [CIC 14.1, 14.5]; CONACYT Mexico [82317] FX This work was supported by grants from Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica-UMSNH (CIC 14.1 and 14.5) to AOZ and JELM and by CONACYT (82317) Mexico to JEBC. The authors are grateful for B. thuringiensis strains provided by Jorge Ibarra (CINVESTAV Campus Guana-juato). CR BARBOZACORONA JE, 2007, ARCH MICROBIOL, V187, P117, DOI 10.1007/s00203-006-0178-5 BRAKSTAD OG, 1992, J CLIN MICROBIOL, V30, P1654 CAPPARELLI R, 2007, J BIOTECHNOL, V128, P606, DOI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.11.004 CHEN H, 2003, REV FOOD SCI FOOD SA, V2, P82 COELHO MLV, 2007, RES MICROBIOL, V158, P625, DOI 10.1016/j.resmic.2007.07.002 DELAFUENTESALCIDO N, 2007, J MICROBIOL METH, V70, P196, DOI 10.1016/j.mimet.2007.03.020 DELAFUENTESALCIDO N, 2008, ARCH MICROBIOL, V190, P633, DOI 10.1007/s00203-008-0414-2 DELGADO A, 2005, J MICROBIOL METH, V62, P121, DOI 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.01.006 GRAY EJ, 2006, J APPL MICROBIOL, V100, P545, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02822.x JACK RW, 1995, MICROBIOL REV, V59, P171 KAMOUN F, 2005, J APPL MICROBIOL, V98, P881, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02513.x KERRODEGO O, 2002, VET Q, V24, P181 LOPEZMEZA JE, 2006, MEXICO TEC PEC MEX, V44, P91 MYLLYS V, 1998, ACTA VET SCAND, V39, P119 OCHOAZARZOSA A, 2008, ANTON LEEUW INT J G, V94, P199, DOI 10.1007/s10482-008-9230-6 OWENS WE, 1997, J DAIRY SCI, V80, P313 PIETERSE R, 2008, CAN J MICROBIOL, V54, P525, DOI 10.1139/W08-040 RUEGG PL, 2003, VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A, V19, P47, DOI 10.1016/S0749-0720(02)00078-6 RYAN MP, 1998, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V64, P2287 SANDHOLM M, 1990, J VET PHARMACOL THER, V13, P248 WU JQ, 2007, ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH, V51, P3131, DOI 10.1128/AAC.00629-07 NR 21 TC 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD JUL 2 PY 2009 VL 138 IS 1-2 BP 179 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.018 PG 5 SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 467XY UT ISI:000267778100025 ER PT J AU Padilla-Tellez, E Garcia, JR Rodriguez-Orozco, AR AF Padilla-Tellez, Eliud Garcia, Javier Ruiz Rodriguez-Orozco, Alain R. TI Association between depression and obesity SO SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO LA Spanish DT Letter C1 [Padilla-Tellez, Eliud; Garcia, Javier Ruiz] IMSS, Unidad Med Familiar 80, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Orozco, Alain R.] Univ Michoacana, Div Posgrado, Fac Med Dr Ignacio Chavez, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Padilla-Tellez, E, IMSS, Unidad Med Familiar 80, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM arorozco69@yahoo.com.mx CR BELLO M, 2005, SALUD PUBLICA MEX S1, V47, S4 FELITTI VJ, 1998, AM J PREV MED, V14, P245 GOODMAN E, 2002, PEDIATRICS, V110, P497 LIM W, 2008, PSYCHOSOMATICS, V49, P23 PINE DS, 2001, PEDIATRICS, V107, P1049 SCOTT KM, 2007, INT J OBESITY 0821, DOI 10.1038/SJ.IJO.0803701 NR 6 TC 0 PU INST NACIONAL SALUD PUBLICA PI CUERNAVACA PA AV UNIVERSIDAD 655, COL SANTA MARIA AHUACATITLAN, CUERNAVACA 62508, MORELOS, MEXICO SN 0036-3634 J9 SALUD PUBLICA MEXICO JI Salud Publica Mexico PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 51 IS 4 BP 275 EP 276 PG 2 SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 468XX UT ISI:000267859000001 ER PT J AU Mejia-Rodriguez, O Paniagua-Sierra, R Valencia-Ortiz, MD Ruiz-Garcia, J Figueroa-Nunez, B Roa-Sanchez, V AF Mejia-Rodriguez, Oliva Paniagua-Sierra, Ramon del Refugio Valencia-Ortiz, Maria Ruiz-Garcia, Javier Figueroa-Nunez, Benigno Roa-Sanchez, Valentin TI Factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension SO SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO LA Spanish DT Article DE hypertension; blood pressure; primary health care; Mexico ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; PREVALENCE; POPULATION AB Objective. To assess health care characteristics for hypertensive patients and their association with uncontrolled hypertension in a primary care outpatient clinic. Material and Methods. Design: cross-sectional. A review was conducted of 50% of 8080 (n= 4040) files. Patient, physician and primary health care clinic characteristics were recorded. Results. The factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension were: age (OR, 1.43; C195%: 1.015-1.030), BMI (OR, 1.03; CI95%: 1.02-1.05), creatinine serum levels (OR, 1.16; CI95%: 1.03-1.30), three or more different anti hypertensive drugs (OR, 1.48; CI95%: 1.31-1.07), to be treated by a physician with more than 20 years of medical practice (OR, 1.21; CI95%; 1.06-1.39) or by a non-specialist physician (OR, 1.43; CI95%: 1.20-1.71) and to be treated in the morning shift (OR, 1.21; CI95%: 1.07-1.56) Conclusions. Hypertension is well-controlled in the majority of patients. Patient-related factors are important in uncontrolled hypertension; however, health care system characteristics also play an important role. C1 [Mejia-Rodriguez, Oliva] Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Unidad Med Familiar 80, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Paniagua-Sierra, Ramon] Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Ctr Med Nacl Siglo 21, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Mejia-Rodriguez, O, Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Unidad Med Familiar 80, Av Madero 1200, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM oliva.mejia@imss.gob.mx CR *I NAC EST GEOGR I, 2000, MORT INF MEX 2000 ES, P12 *I NAC EST GEOGR I, 2000, PORC POBL DER DISTR APPEL LJ, 1997, NEW ENGL J MED, V336, P1117 GOMEZ P, 2006, J AM SOC NEPHROL S3, V17, S194, DOI 10.1681/ASN.2006080914 INCIARDI JF, 2003, ANN PHARMACOTHER, V37, P485, DOI 10.1345/aph.1C370 JAFAR TH, 2006, CAN MED ASSOC J, V175, P1071, DOI 10.1503/cmaj.060464 KEARNEY PM, 2004, J HYPERTENS, V22, P11, DOI 10.1097/01.hjh.0000098149.7095679 KOHARA K, 1998, AM J HYPERTENS 1, V11, P1358 LOGERIL M, 1999, CIRCULATION, V99, P779 OLAIZFERNANDEZ G, 2006, ENCUESTA NACL SALUD ROSAS PM, 2005, ARCH CARDIOL MEX, V75, P96 SCHASFOORT RBM, 2004, EXPERT REV PROTEOMIC, V1, P123 VANROSSUM CTM, 2000, HYPERTENSION, V35, P814 VELAZQUEZ MO, 2002, ARCH CARDIOL MEX, V72, P71 VERDECCHIA P, 1998, HYPERTENSION, V32, P983 VICTOR RG, 2008, ARCH INTERN MED, V168, P1285 NR 16 TC 0 PU INST NACIONAL SALUD PUBLICA PI CUERNAVACA PA AV UNIVERSIDAD 655, COL SANTA MARIA AHUACATITLAN, CUERNAVACA 62508, MORELOS, MEXICO SN 0036-3634 J9 SALUD PUBLICA MEXICO JI Salud Publica Mexico PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 51 IS 4 BP 291 EP 297 PG 7 SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 468XX UT ISI:000267859000005 ER PT J AU Bazan, R Cervantes, E Salas, G Segura-Correa, JC AF Bazan, Roberto Cervantes, Enrique Salas, Guillermo Segura-Correa, Jose C. TI Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Goats in Michoacan, Mexico SO REVISTA CIENTIFICA-FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS LA Spanish DT Article DE Goats; mastitis; prevalence; Mexico AB The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and to determine the effect of locality and herd size on subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in Michoacan, Mexico. Also the intracluster correlation coefficient and the design effect were calculated. All lactating does from 25 dairy herds from four localities of Tanhuato, Michoacan were sampled (n=1795 animals). In two localities the type of production system was of the semi-intensive type with grazing during the day and stalled during night and the other two belonged to the intensive type system. The detection of mastitis was carried out using the California mastitis test. Prevalences were estimated for each half and for animal. Mixed logistic regression models were was used to asses the association of locality (fixed) or herd size (fixed) to mastitis prevalence; herd identification was included as a random effect. Herd size was defined as the number of does (dry or lactating) in a particular herd and were grouped in three levels (<51; 51-150 and 151-520 does). There were not differences in the prevalences of mastitis between the right (18.6%) and left (16.7%) halves of the udder (P>0.05). The within herd prevalences ranged from 9.52 to 72.41% and the animal prevalence was 30.5% (548/1795). The locality of San Jose Vargas had the highest frequency of does with mastitis (55.48%) and Tinajas the Vargas de lowest (21.13%). The adjusted odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95CI) by locality were: 4.76 (2.86, 7.93), 1.20 (0.37, 3.86), 1.02 (0.19, 5.26) for San Jose Vargas, Cieneguitas and Rancho Nuevo, respectively, compared to the locality of Tinajas de Vargas. The OR and 95CI for the small and large herds, compared to the medium size herds were: 3.94 (0.85, 17.41) and 1.58 (0.99, 2.53), respectively. In conclusion mastitis prevalence is relatively high and it is affected by locality and herd size. C1 [Segura-Correa, Jose C.] UADY, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. [Bazan, Roberto; Cervantes, Enrique] Subcom Prod Ovicaprinos Michoacan AC Morelia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Salas, Guillermo] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Segura-Correa, JC, UADY, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Km 15-5 Carretera Merida Xmatkuil,AP 4-116, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. EM segura52@hotmail.com CR *EGRET, 1999, EGRET WIND VERS 2 0 *I NAC EST GEOGR I, 1994, YUC CONS EL TAB RES *SAS, 2000, US GUID STAT BENNETT S, 1991, WORLD HLTH STAT Q, V44, P98 BERGONIER D, 2003, VET RES, V34, P689, DOI 10.1051/vetres:2003030 BHUJBAL J, 1999, INDIAN J COMP MICROB, V20, P42 CLAVIJO A, 2002, ZOOT TROP, V20, P383 MCDERMOTT JJ, 1994, PREV VET MED, V18, P155 NDEGWA EN, 2001, ISRAEL J VET MED, V56, P4 OTTE MJ, 1997, PREV VET MED, V31, P147 RADOSTITS DM, 1994, VET MED TXB DIS CATT, P501 SANCHEZ A, 1997, MED VET, V14, P290 SHEARER, 2003, MASTITIS DAIRY GOATS SOLISCALDERON JJ, 2003, PREV VET MED, V57, P199, DOI 10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00230-1 TURNER HN, 1969, QUANTITATIVE GENETIC WHITE EC, 1999, SMALL RUMINANT RES, V33, P117 NR 16 TC 0 PU UNIV ZULIA, FACULTAD CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS PI MARACAIBO PA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA, MARACAIBO, VENEZUELA SN 0798-2259 J9 REV CIENT-FAC CIENC VET JI Rev. Cient.-Fac. Cienc. Vet. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 334 EP 338 PG 5 SC Veterinary Sciences GA 468XI UT ISI:000267857400003 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, JA Guzman, FS AF Gonzalez, J. A. Guzman, F. S. TI Accretion of phantom scalar field into a black hole SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB Using numerical methods we present the first full nonlinear study of a phantom scalar field accreted into a black hole. We study different initial configurations and find that the accretion of the field into the black hole can reduce its area down to 50 percent within time scales of the order of few masses of the initial horizon. The analysis includes the cases where the total energy of the space-time is positive or negative. The confirmation of this effect in full nonlinear general relativity implies that the accretion of exotic matter could be considered an evaporation process. We speculate that if this sort of exotic matter has some cosmological significance, this black hole area reduction process might have played a crucial role in black hole formation and population. C1 [Gonzalez, J. A.; Guzman, F. S.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Gonzalez, JA, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Edificio C-3,Cd Univ, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. FU SEP Mexico [CIC-UMSNH 4.9, 4.23, PROMEP UMICH-PTC-210, UMICH-CA-22]; COECyT Michoacan [S08-02-28]; CONACyT [79601, 79995] FX We thank A. Corichi, C. Lopez, O. Sarbach, and T. Zannias for many stimulating discussions. This work was supported in part by grants CIC-UMSNH 4.9 and 4.23, PROMEP UMICH-PTC-210, UMICH-CA-22 from SEP Mexico, COECyT Michoacan S08-02-28 and CONACyT Grant Nos. 79601 and 79995. CR BAUMGARTE TW, 1998, PHYS REV D, V59, UNSP 024007 BRANDT S, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V78, P3606 BROWN JD, 2008, CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV, V25, ARTN 205004 FARAONI V, 2007, PHYS REV D, V76, ARTN 063510 GONZALEZ JA, ARXIV08061370 GONZALEZ JA, 2009, CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV, V26, P15011, ARTN 015011 HAWKING SW, 1973, LARGE SCALE STRUCTUR KOWALSKI M, 2008, ASTROPHYS J, V686, P749 LORA F, IN PRESS MISNER CW, 1964, PHYS REV, V136, B571 THORNBURG J, ARXIVGRQC9906022 THORNBURG J, 1999, PHYS REV D, UNSP 104007 NR 12 TC 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN PY 2009 VL 79 IS 12 AR 121501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.121501 PG 5 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 466YN UT ISI:000267701500003 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, JA Sperhake, U Brugmann, B AF Gonzalez, Jose A. Sperhake, Ulrich Bruegmann, Bernd TI Black-hole binary simulations: The mass ratio 10:1 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID GRAVITATIONAL RECOIL; COMPACT BINARIES; GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPIN EVOLUTION; WAVE-FORMS; RELATIVITY; ACCRETION; RADIATION; MERGERS; COALESCENCE AB We present the first numerical simulations of an initially nonspinning black-hole binary with mass ratio as large as 10:1 in full general relativity. The binary completes approximately three orbits prior to merger and radiates (0.415 +/- 0.017)% of the total energy and (12.48 +/- 0.62)% of the initial angular momentum in the form of gravitational waves. The single black hole resulting from the merger acquires a kick of (66.7 +/- 3.3) km/s relative to the original center of mass frame. The resulting gravitational waveforms are used to validate existing formulas for the recoil, final spin, and radiated energy over a wider range of the symmetric mass ratio parameter eta = M1M2/(M-1 + M-2)(2) than previously possible. The contributions of l > 2 multipoles are found to visibly influence the gravitational wave signal obtained at fixed inclination angles. C1 [Gonzalez, Jose A.; Sperhake, Ulrich; Bruegmann, Bernd] Univ Jena, Inst Theoret Phys, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Gonzalez, Jose A.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Sperhake, Ulrich] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Gonzalez, JA, Univ Jena, Inst Theoret Phys, D-07743 Jena, Germany. EM sperhake@tapir.caltech.edu FU DFG ; Sherman Fairchild Foundation ; NSF [PHY-0601459, PHY-0652995, PHY-090003]; CIC [4.23]; SEP Mexico ; CONACyT [79601]; ILIAS Sixth Framework programme FX It is a pleasure to thank Emanuele Berti, Vitor Cardoso, Mark Hannam, Sascha Husa, and Doreen Muller for discussions. This work was supported in part by DFG Grant No. SFB/Transregio 7 "Gravitational Wave Astronomy,'' the DLR (Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt), by grants from the Sherman Fairchild Foundation to Caltech, by NSF Grant No. PHY-0601459, No. PHY-0652995 and No. PHY-090003, by grant CIC 4.23 to Universidad Michoacana, PROMEP UMICH-PTC-210 and UMICH-CA-22 from SEP Mexico and CONACyT Grant No. 79601. Computations were performed on the HLRB2 at LRZ Munich. We acknowledge support from the ILIAS Sixth Framework programme. 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Rev. D PD JUN PY 2009 VL 79 IS 12 AR 124006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.124006 PG 10 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 466YN UT ISI:000267701500053 ER PT J AU Avila, R Cuevas, S AF Avila, Remy Cuevas, Salvador TI On the normalization of scintillation autocovariance for generalized SCIDAR SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID STELLAR-LIGHT SCINTILLATION; SAN-PEDRO-MARTIR; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; OPTICAL TURBULENCE; LAYER; PROFILES; RESOLUTION; CAMPAIGN; SPECKLE AB The Generalized SCIDAR ( Scintillation Detection and Ranging) technique consists in the computation of the mean autocorrelation of double-star scintillation images taken on a virtual plane located a few kilometers below the telescope pupil. This autocorrelation is normalized by the autocorrelation of the mean image. Johnston et al. in 2002 [ 1] pointed out that this normalization leads to an inexact estimate of the optical-turbulence strength C-N(2). Those authors restricted their analysis to turbulence at ground level. Here we generalize that study by calculating analytically the error induced by that normalization, for a turbulent layer at any altitude. An exact expression is given for any telescope-pupil shape and an approximate simple formula is provided for a full circular pupil. We show that the effect of the inexact normalization is to overestimate the C-N(2) values. The error is larger for higher turbulent layers, smaller telescopes, longer distances of the analysis plane from the pupil, wider double-star separations, and larger differences of stellar magnitudes. Depending on the observational parameters and the turbulence altitude, the relative error can take values from zero up to a factor of 4, in which case the real C-N(2) value is only 0.2 times the erroneous one. Our results can be applied to correct the C-N(2) profiles that have been measured using the Generalized SCIDAR technique. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Avila, Remy] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Cuevas, Salvador] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Avila, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 3-72, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM r.avila@crya.unam.mx FU CONACyT and PAPIIT [58291, IN107109-2] FX This work was supported by CONACyT and PAPIIT through grants number 58291 and IN107109-2. 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Express PD JUN 22 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 13 BP 10926 EP 10938 PG 13 SC Optics GA 467RW UT ISI:000267761100053 ER PT J AU Ochoa-Zarzosa, A Villarreal-Fernandez, E Cano-Camacho, H Lopez-Meza, JE AF Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra Villarreal-Fernandez, Edith Cano-Camacho, Horado Lopez-Meza, Joel E. TI Sodium butyrate inhibits Staphylococcus aureus internalization in bovine mammary epithelial cells and induces the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; Sodium butyrate; Antimicrobial peptides; Bovine mastitis; Epithelial cells ID CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; BETA-DEFENSIN GENES; CATHELICIDIN LL-37; MASTITIS; PATHWAYS; NUTRITION; GLAND; LINE AB A distinctive feature of bovine milk fat is the presence of butyrate, molecule with recognized antimicrobial and and inflammatory properties. Bovine mastitis is a pathology characterized by inflammatory and infectious processes; however, the role of sodium butyrate on Staphylococcus aureus infection in mammary epithelium has not been studied. In this work we assess the role of sodium butyrate on the invasion of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) by S. aureus responsible of mastitis and on the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes. Our data show that sodium butyrate (0.25-0.5 mM) reduces similar to 50% the internalization of S. aureus (ATCC 27543) into bMEC. By RT-PCR analysis, we showed that sodium butyrate is able to Up-regulate the expression of tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP), P-defensin and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNAs, as well as nitric oxide production. Also, sodium butyrate and infection increased acetylation of histone H3 in bMEC. These results indicate that sodium butyrate Could be effective to modulate innate immune gene expression in mammary gland that leads to a better defense against bacterial infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows a role of sodium butyrate during the internalization of S. aureus into bMEC. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra; Villarreal-Fernandez, Edith; Cano-Camacho, Horado; Lopez-Meza, Joel E.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios & Biotecnol, Adm Chapultepec, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Lopez-Meza, JE, Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios & Biotecnol, Adm Chapultepec, Apdo Postal 53, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. EM elmeza@umich.mx FU CIC-UMSNH ; CONACyT [090110] FX This work was supported by grants from CIC-UMSNH (14.1 and 14.5) to A.O.Z. and J.E.L.M and CONACyT (090110) to J.E.L.M. We thank to Leticia Lara-Zarate for kindly reviewing the manuscript. 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Pathog. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2009.04.006 PG 7 SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 467ZZ UT ISI:000267784100001 ER PT J AU Huirache-Acuna, R Paraguay-Delgado, F Albiter, MA Alvarez-Contreras, L Rivera-Munoz, EM Alonso-Nunez, G AF Huirache-Acuna, R. Paraguay-Delgado, F. Albiter, M. A. Alvarez-Contreras, L. Rivera-Munoz, E. M. Alonso-Nunez, G. TI Synthesis and characterization of WO3 and WS2 hexagonal phase nanostructures and catalytic test in sulfur remotion SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOS2; HYDRODESULFURIZATION; NANOTUBES; DIBENZOTHIOPHENE; NANOPARTICLES; TUNGSTEN; HDS; MICROSTRUCTURE; MORPHOLOGY; MECHANISM AB The aim of the present study was the synthesis and characterization of WO3 and WS2 nanostructures in hexagonal phases and the evaluation of the latter as catalyst in the dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization reaction. 2H-WS2 nanostructures were obtained from a precursor WO3 nanostructure by a two-step hydrothermal/gas phase reaction under well-controlled conditions. All nanostructures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and the specific surface area of the materials was measured using the BET method. The catalytic activity and selectivity measurements of the resulting unsupported WS2 nanocatalysts are also presented. Catalytic activity was found to be highest for the 2H-WS2 from the WO3 nanostructure sulfided at 773 K (rate constant of 3 x 10(-7) mol/g s). C1 [Huirache-Acuna, R.; Rivera-Munoz, E. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Fis Aplicada & Tecnol Avanzada, Queretaro 76000, Qro, Mexico. [Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Alvarez-Contreras, L.] CIMAV, Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados, SC, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico. [Paraguay-Delgado, F.] Natl Inst Nanotechnol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada. [Albiter, M. A.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alonso-Nunez, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Nanociencias & Nanotecnol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. RP Huirache-Acuna, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Fis Aplicada & Tecnol Avanzada, AP 1-1010, Queretaro 76000, Qro, Mexico. EM rafael_huirache@yahoo.it FU CONACYT [58280-Y, DGAPA-UNAM, IN102509]; UNAM FX The authors appreciate the valuable technical assistance of C. Ornelas, W. Antunez, and E. Torres. This work was financially supported by CONACYT 58280-Y, DGAPA-UNAM, IN102509 and postdoctoral scholarship-UNAM. Isabel Perez Montfort corrected the English version of the manuscript. 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Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 44 IS 16 BP 4360 EP 4369 DI 10.1007/s10853-009-3652-z PG 10 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 468AB UT ISI:000267784300023 ER PT J AU Segundo-Ramirez, J Medina, A Ghosh, A Ledwich, G AF Segundo-Ramirez, Juan Medina, Aurelio Ghosh, Arindam Ledwich, Gerard TI Stability Analysis Based on Bifurcation Theory of the DSTATCOM Operating in Current Control Mode SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY LA English DT Article DE Distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM); floquet multiplier; Neimark bifurcation; point of common coupling (PCC); stability regions ID VOLTAGE COLLAPSE; POWER-SYSTEMS; DC/DC CONVERTERS; CHAOS; TIME; COMPONENTS; FEEDBACK; CIRCUIT; DEVICES; STATE AB This paper presents the stability analysis for a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) that operates in current control mode based on bifurcation theory. Bifurcations delimit the operating zones of nonlinear circuits and, hence, the capability to compute these bifurcations is of important interest for practical design. A control design for the DSTATCOM is proposed. Along with this control, a suitable mathematical representation of the DSTATCOM is proposed to carry out the bifurcation analysis efficiently. The stability regions in the Thevenin equivalent plane are computed for different power factors at the point of common coupling. In addition, the stability regions in the control gain space, as well as the contour lines for different Floquet multipliers are computed. It is demonstrated through bifurcation analysis that the loss of stability in the DSTATCOM is due to the emergence of a Neimark bifurcation. The observations are verified through simulation studies. C1 [Segundo-Ramirez, Juan; Medina, Aurelio] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Elect, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ghosh, Arindam; Ledwich, Gerard] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Engn Syst, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Segundo-Ramirez, J, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Elect, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. FU CONACYT [TPWRD-00618-2008] FX This work was supported by CONACYT. Paper no. TPWRD-00618-2008. 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Power Deliv. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 24 IS 3 BP 1670 EP 1678 DI 10.1109/TPWRD.2009.2016817 PG 9 SC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic GA 467TG UT ISI:000267765100080 ER PT J AU Morris, MH Perez-Perez, MA Smith, ME Bledsoe, CS AF Morris, Melissa H. Perez-Perez, Miguel A. Smith, Matthew E. Bledsoe, Caroline S. TI Influence of host species on ectomycorrhizal communities associated with two co-occurring oaks (Quercus spp.) in a tropical cloud forest SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ectomycorrhizal communities; host preference; Huizteco; tropical cloud forest; Quercus crassifolia; Quercus laurina ID FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; RAIN-FOREST; NITROGEN ADDITION; LAND PLANTS; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; SOIL; ROOTS; MONODOMINANCE; MYCORRHIZAS AB Interactions between host tree species and ectomycorrhizal fungi are important in structuring ectomycorrhizal communities, but there are only a few studies on host influence of congeneric trees. We investigated ectomycorrhizal community assemblages on roots of deciduous Quercus crassifolia and evergreen Quercus laurina in a tropical montane cloud forest, one of the most endangered tropical forest ecosystems. Ectomycorrhizal fungi were identified by sequencing internal transcribed spacer and partial 28S rRNA gene. We sampled 80 soil cores and documented high ectomycorrhizal diversity with a total of 154 taxa. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that oak host was significant in explaining some of the variation in ectomycorrhizal communities, despite the fact that the two Quercus species belong to the same red oak lineage (section Lobatae). A Tuber species, found in 23% of the soil cores, was the most frequent taxon. Similar to oak-dominated ectomycorrhizal communities in temperate forests, Thelephoraceae, Russulaceae and Sebacinales were diverse and dominant. C1 [Morris, Melissa H.; Bledsoe, Caroline S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Perez-Perez, Miguel A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Smith, Matthew E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smith, Matthew E.] Harvard Univ, Farlow Herbarium, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Morris, MH, Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mhmorris@ucdavis.edu FU UC MEXUS Dissertation Research ; UC Davis Ecology Block Grant fellowships ; National Science Foundation [DEB-99-81711] FX We thank Ken Oyama for his support and valuable contributions to this research. We gratefully acknowledge Mauricio Quesada and Kathy Stoner for use of laboratory space and equipment in Mexico, Maribel Nava-Mendoza and Dolores Lugo Aquino for conducting soil analyses, Susana Valencia Avalos and John Tucker for identification of oak specimens, Jenny Moreno Miranda for laboratory assistance and Marcel Rejmanek for statistical advice. This research was supported by a UC MEXUS Dissertation Research Grant, UC Davis Ecology Block Grant fellowships and a National Science Foundation Grant (#DEB-99-81711) to C.S.B. Participation by M.E.S. was made possible by the Harvard University Herbaria (HUH). 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Ecol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 69 IS 2 BP 274 EP 287 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00704.x PG 14 SC Microbiology GA 467PI UT ISI:000267751000013 ER PT J AU Mendoza, E Dirzo, R AF Mendoza, Eduardo Dirzo, Rodolfo TI SEED TOLERANCE TO PREDATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE TOXIC SEEDS OF THE BUCKEYE TREE (AESCULUS CALIFORNICA; SAPINDACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Aesculus californicus; California buckeye tree; Jasper Ridge; large-seeded plant; resistance traits; rodent seed predation; Sapindaceae; tolerance traits ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; DAMAGE TOLERANCE; PLANT TOLERANCE; HERBIVORY; GERMINATION; SIZE; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; INSECTS; GROWTH AB Tolerance, the capacity of plants to withstand attack by animals, as opposed to resistance, has been poorly examined in the context of seed predation. We investigated the role that the seed mass of the large-seeded endemic tree Aesculus californica plays as a tolerance trait to rodent attack by comparing, under greenhouse conditions, patterns of germination, and subsequent seedling growth, of seeds with a wide range of natural damage. Germination percentage was reduced by 50% and time to germination by 64% in attacked compared to intact seeds, and germination probability was negatively correlated with damage. Seedlings that emerged from intact seeds were taller and bore more leaves than those from damaged seeds. This species' large seed mass favors tolerance to damage because heavily damaged seeds are able to germinate and produce seedlings. This finding is significant given that seeds of this species are known to contain chemical compounds toxic to vertebrates, a resistance trait. We posit that this combination of tolerance and resistance traits might be a particularly effective antipredation strategy when seeds are exposed to a variety of vertebrate predators. C1 [Mendoza, Eduardo; Dirzo, Rodolfo] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Mendoza, E, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Antigua Carretera Patzcuarco 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM mendoza.mere@gmail.com CR *R DEV COR TEAM, 2008, R LANG ENV STAT COMP ANDERSON K, 2006, CALIFORNIABUCKEYE AE BONFIL C, 1998, AM J BOT, V85, P79 BRANCO M, 2002, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V166, P159 CALLAHAN F, 2005, KALMIOPSIS, V12, P9 CEBALLOS L, 2002, ECOSCIENCE, V9, P28 CIPOLLINI ML, 1991, OIKOS, V60, P205 CRAWLEY MJ, 1992, SEEDS ECOLOGY REGENE, P157 CRAWLEY MJ, 2002, STASTICAL COMPUTING DALLING JW, 1997, J TROP ECOL 4, V13, P481 DALLING JW, 1999, OIKOS, V85, P257 EDWARDS W, 2002, J TROP ECOL 6, V18, P943, DOI 10.1017/S0266467402002626 FUKUMOTO H, 2000, J FOR RES, V5, P31 GREEN PT, 2004, FUNCT ECOL, V18, P539 GRUBB PJ, 1998, OIKOS, V82, P467 HARMS KE, 1997, J TROP ECOL 4, V13, P617 HICKMAN JC, 1993, JEPSON MANUAL HIGHER HOSHIZAKI K, 1997, J VEG SCI, V8, P735 HULME PE, 1997, OECOLOGIA, V111, P91 HULME PE, 1998, PERSPECT PLANT ECOL, V1, P32 HULME PE, 2002, PLANT ANIMAL INTERAC, P132 JANZEN DH, 1969, EVOLUTION, V23, P1 JANZEN DH, 1971, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V2, P465 JANZEN DH, 1976, ECOLOGY, V57, P826 KARBAN R, 1992, OECOLOGIA, V92, P196 KITAJIMA K, 2003, BIOTROPICA, V35, P429 KOPTUR S, 1998, AM MIDL NAT, V140, P393 KUBO I, 1992, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V31, P3793 LEIVA MJ, 2005, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V212, P221, DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.03.036 LEVY F, 1984, B TORREY BOT CLUB, V111, P307 LOUDA SM, 1982, J ECOL, V70, P43 MACK AL, 1998, BIOTROPICA, V30, P604 MEINERS SJ, 2000, AM J BOT, V87, P1821 MOONEY HA, 1974, BOT GAZ, V135, P306 MURPHY DD, 1984, OECOLOGIA, V62, P269 PICO FX, 2000, OIKOS, V89, P485 ROSENTHAL GA, 1979, HERBIVORES THEIR INT, P353 ROSENTHAL JP, 1994, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V9, P145 SMALLWOOD PD, 2001, AM ZOOL, V41, P840 SOKAL RR, 2003, BIOMETRY STEELE MA, 1993, AM MIDL NAT, V130, P229 STRAUSS SY, 1999, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V14, P179 VALLEJOMARIN M, 2006, AM J BOT, V93, P369 VANDERWALL SB, 1990, FOOD HOARDING ANIMAL XIAO ZS, 2007, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V238, P302, DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.10.024 YI XF, 2008, PHOTOSYNTHETICA, V46, P139, DOI 10.1007/s11099-008-0022-z NR 46 TC 0 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AMER J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 96 IS 7 BP 1255 EP 1261 DI 10.3732/ajb.0800297 PG 7 SC Plant Sciences GA 469BT UT ISI:000267870800005 ER PT J AU Rzedowski, J de Rzedowski, GC AF Rzedowski, Jerzy Calderon de Rzedowski, Graciela TI Notes on Bursera Heteresthes (Burseraceae) SO ACTA BOTANICA MEXICANA LA Spanish DT Article DE Bursera; Burseraceae; Mexico ID EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS AB The survey of 135 collections of But-sera heteresthes Bullock, deposited mostly in Mexican herbaria, reveals that: 1.- The known geographic distribution of the species extends from southern Jalisco to eastern Guatemala, but in three separated areas: a) from Jalisco to western Guerrero, b) from eastern Oaxaca to the Central Depression of Chiapas, c) the northern and eastern parts of Guatemala. 2.- In spite of its disjunct distribution and of the remarkable morphological variability of the species, there is no basis to split it into two or more taxonomic entities, and consequently B. steyermarkii Standl., described from Guatemala, is treated as a synonym of B. heteresthes. 3.- The heteromorphic and petaloid staminodes, a character emphasized in the original description of B. heteresthes, belongs to a tree with abnormal flowers, and in fact is not characteristic of the species. 4.- The main distinctive characters of B. heteresthes are: a) leaves almost always trifoliolate, seldom with five leaflets and then with a widely winged rachis, b) well developed leaves mostly more than 3 cm long and with a crenate, serrate o dentate margin extending almost to the base, c) inflorescence in the form of rather lax and many-flowered raceme or panicle, with axes usually only bearing glandular pubescence. 5.- Although the features of its leaves, inflorescences and flowers approach those of B. biflora (Rose) Standl., B. fragrantissima Bullock and B. infernidialis Guevara & Rzed., its possible phylogenetic relationships are rather towards B. madrigalii Rzed. & Calderon, on account of the widely winged leaf rachis of its quinquefoliolate leaves. An emended description of the species, illustrations showing its known geographic distribution and the variability of its leaf-form, are included, as well as a key to separate the known species of Bursera sect. Bullockia which, at least in some populations, have mainly trifoliolate leaves. C1 [Rzedowski, Jerzy; Calderon de Rzedowski, Graciela] Ctr Reg Bajio, Inst Ecol AC, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Rzedowski, J, Ctr Reg Bajio, Inst Ecol AC, Apdo Postal 386, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. CR BECERRA JX, 1999, AM J BOT, V86, P1047 BECERRA JX, 2003, MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL, V26, P300 BULLOCK AA, 1937, B MISCELLANEOUS INFO, P447 BULLOCK AA, 1939, HOOKERS ICON, V3394 GUEVARAFEFER F, 1980, B SOC BOT MEX, V39, P63 MANZUR CAT, 1982, THESIS U NACL AUTONO MCVAUGH R, 1965, KEW B, V18, P317 RZEDOWSKI J, 1979, TAXON, V28, P103 RZEDOWSKI J, 2005, ACTA BOT MEX, V70, P85 NR 9 TC 0 PU INST ECOLOGIA AC PI PATZCUARO PA CENTRO REGIONAL DEL BAJIO, APARTADO POSTAL 386, PATZCUARO, MICHOACAN 61600, MEXICO SN 0187-7151 J9 ACTA BOT MEX JI Acta. Bot. Mex. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 88 BP 81 EP 90 PG 10 SC Plant Sciences GA 469JQ UT ISI:000267894300007 ER PT C AU Ostrooumov, M AF Ostrooumov, Mikhail TI A Raman, IR and XRD analysis of the deterioration on historical monuments: Case study from Mexico SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Raman and infrared spectrometry; XRD analyses; Historical monuments; Deterioration; Morelia; Mexico AB Raman, infrared and XRD analysis have been applied to the examination of deterioration on historical monuments (Morelia, Mexico). Forty-three samples pyroclastic volcanic rocks (ignimbrites) have been studied, all originating from two ex-convents San Francisco and San Agustin, which were the first architectonic complexes in the city of Morelia. Several new mineral neoformation such as sulfates, carbonates, halides, and phosphates were identified in these samples with spectrometric and XRD technique. The observed Raman and infrared spectra are reported and some mineral compound assignmenis in unaltered and deteriorated volcanic rocks have been made. This survey is the first Raman and infrared spectrometric examination of the environmental mineralogy in Mexico under conditions of urban weathering that are characterized mainly by one secondary alteration formations of low scale. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michoacana, Inst Met, Dept Geol & Mineral, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ostrooumov, M, Univ Michoacana, Inst Met, Dept Geol & Mineral, Francisco J Muj S-N, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ostroum@zeus.umich.mx CR DREES L, 1989, SILICA SOILS QUARTZ FAULQUES E, 2001, J MINER PETROL SCI, V96, P120 FRANZINI M, 1995, EUR J MINERAL, V7, P735 KLOPROGGE T, 1999, J RAMAN SPECTROSC, V30, P1079 MARFUNIN A, 1998, ADV MINERALOGY OSTROOUMOV M, 1999, EUR J MINERAL, V11, P899 OSTROOUMOV M, 2001, B SOC MEXICANA MINER, V14, P7 PEREZ JP, 1997, ATLAS ASOCIACIONES M, P433 PRODANOVIC D, 1997, APPL CLAY SCI, V12, P267 WADA K, 1987, GEODERMA, V39, P307 NR 10 TC 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA PT A-MOL BIO JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 SI Sp. Iss. SI BP 498 EP 504 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2008.12.033 PG 7 SC Spectroscopy GA 463RD UT ISI:000267448600017 ER PT J AU Nunez-Anita, RE Arroyo-Heiguera, O Cajero-Juarez, M Lopez-Bojorquez, L Aceves, C AF Nunez-Anita, R. E. Arroyo-Heiguera, O. Cajero-Juarez, M. Lopez-Bojorquez, L. Aceves, C. TI A complex between 6-iodolactone and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor type gamma may mediate the antineoplasic effect of iodine in mammary cancer SO PROSTAGLANDINS & OTHER LIPID MEDIATORS LA English DT Article DE Iodine; 6-lodolactone; Arachidonic acid; PPAR; EMSA; Transfection; Mammary cancer; MCF-7 ID HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; MOLECULAR-IODINE; GENE-EXPRESSION; RETINOIC ACID; PPAR-ALPHA; THYROID-FOLLICLES; CARCINOMA CELLS; FATTY-ACIDS; APOPTOSIS; GROWTH AB Recently we and other groups have shown that molecular iodine (I-2) exhibits potent anti proliferative and apoptotic effects in mammary cancer models. In the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, I-2 treatment generates iodine-containing lipids similar to 6-iodo-5-hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid and the 6-iodolactone (6-IL) derivative of arachidonic acid (AA), and it significantly decreases cellular proliferation and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis. Several studies have shown that AA is a natural ligand of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are nuclear transcription factors thought to participate in regulating cancer cell proliferation. Our results show that in MCF-7 cells: (1) 6-IL binds specifically and with high affinity to PPAR proteins (EMSA assays), (2) 6-IL activates both transfected (by transactivation assays) and endogenous (by lipid accumulation) peroxisome proliferator response elements, and (3) 6-IL supplementation increases PPAR gamma and decreases PPAR alpha expression. These results implicate PPARs in a molecular mechanism by which I-2, through formation of 6-IL, inhibits the growth of human breast cancer cells. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nunez-Anita, R. E.; Arroyo-Heiguera, O.; Lopez-Bojorquez, L.; Aceves, C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Neurobiol, Juriquilla Queretaro 76230, Mexico. [Cajero-Juarez, M.] Univ Michoacona San Nicolas de Hidalgo, IIAF CMEB, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Aceves, C, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Neurobiol, Blvd Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Queretaro 76230, Mexico. EM caracev@servidor.unam.mx FU CONACYT [203107, 78955]; PAPIIT-UNAM [201207] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Ronald Evans for the PPRE3-TK-LUC expression plasmid and to Dr. Guillermo Juvenal for iodolactone synthesis advice. We also thank Felipe Ortiz and Guadalupe Delgado for technical assistance, Pilar Galarza and Rafael Silva for bibliographic assistance, Leonor Casanova for academic support, Nydia Hernandez, Leopoldo Gonzalez, and Lourdes Lara for image advice, and Alberto Lara and Omar Gonzalez for computer assistance, and Dr. Dorothy Pless and Dr. Michael C Jeziorski for proofreading. Rosa Elvira Nunez-Anita was a graduate student of UNAM, Doctorate in Biomedical Science Program and received a fellowship from CONACYT 203107. This work was partially supported by grants: PAPIIT-UNAM 201207 and CONACYT 78955. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest that would prejudice the impartiality of this scientific work. 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PD JUN PY 2009 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 34 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2009.04.001 PG 9 SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 464SW UT ISI:000267528000006 ER PT J AU Hayashi, N Naumkin, PI AF Hayashi, Nakao Naumkin, Pavel I. TI Wave operators to a quadratic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation in two space dimensions SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations; Quadratic nonlinearity; Two space dimensions ID SCHRODINGER-EQUATIONS; ASYMPTOTIC-BEHAVIOR; GLOBAL EXISTENCE; TIME AB We study asymptotics around the final states of solutions to the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations with quadratic nonlinearities in two space dimensions (partial derivative(2)(t) - Delta + m(2))u = lambda u(2), (t, x) is an element of R x R-2, where lambda is an element of C. We prove that if the final states u(1)(+) is an element of H-q/q-1(4-4/q)(R-2) boolean AND H-5/2.1 (R-2) boolean AND H-1(2)(R-2), u(2)(+) is an element of H-q/q-1(3-4/q)(R-2) boolean AND H-3/2.1 (R-2) boolean AND H-1(1)(R-2), and parallel to u(1)(+)parallel to(H12) + parallel to u(2)(+)parallel to(H11) is sufficiently small, where 4 < q < infinity, then there exists a unique global solution u is an element of C ([T, infinity); L-2 (R-2)) to the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations such that u (t) tends as t -> infinity in the L-2 sense to the solution u(0) (t) = u(1)(+) cos (< i Delta >(m)t) + (< i del >(-1)(m)u(2)(+)) sin (< i del >(m)t) of the free Klein-Gordon equation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hayashi, Nakao] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Math, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Naumkin, Pavel I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Hayashi, N, Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Math, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. EM nhayashi@math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp pavelni@matmor.unam.mx FU KAKENHI [19340030]; CONACYT FX The authors would like to thank the referee for useful comments. This work of N.H. and P.I.N. was supported by KAKENHI (no. 19340030) and CONACYT, respectively. 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PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 9 BP 3826 EP 3833 DI 10.1016/j.na.2009.02.041 PG 8 SC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics GA 465WU UT ISI:000267621000021 ER PT J AU Carreon, H Ruiz, A Medina, A Barrera, G Zarate, J AF Carreon, Hector Ruiz, Alberto Medina, Ariosto Barrera, Gerardo Zarate, Juan TI Characterization of the alumina-zirconia ceramic system by ultrasonic velocity measurements SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article DE Alumina-zirconia ceramic; Indentation hardness; Ultrasonic velocity; Density; Inverse correlation ID TRANSFORMATION; COMPOSITES AB In this work an alumina-zirconia ceramic composites have been prepared with alpha-Al2O3 contents from 10 to 95 wt.%. The alumina-zirconia ceramic system was characterized by means of precise ultrasonic velocity measurements. In order to find out the factors affecting the variation in wave velocity, the ceramic composite have been examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and (SEM) scanning electron microscopy. it was found that the ultrasonic velocity measurements changed considerably with respect to the ceramic composite composition. In particular, we studied the behavior of the physical material property hardness, an important parameter of the ceramic composite mechanical properties, with respect to the variation in the longitudinal and shear wave velocities. Shear wave velocities exhibited a stronger interaction with microstructural and sub-structural features as compared to that of longitudinal waves. in particular, this phenomena was observed for the highest alpha-Al2O3 content composite. interestingly, an excellent correlation between ultrasonic velocity measurements and ceramic composite hardness was observed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Carreon, Hector; Ruiz, Alberto; Medina, Ariosto; Barrera, Gerardo; Zarate, Juan] Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000888, Mich, Mexico. RP Carreon, H, Inst Invest Met, Edif U Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000888, Mich, Mexico. EM hcarreon@zeus.umich.mx FU CONACYT-COECYT (MEXICO) FX This work was supported by CONACYT-COECYT (MEXICO). The authors would like to acknowledge Nagy PB for his valuable contribution of the experimental set up for the ultrasonic measurements. 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PD AUG PY 2009 VL 60 IS 8 BP 875 EP 881 DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2009.02.008 PG 7 SC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing GA 467GA UT ISI:000267725000018 ER PT J AU Ortiz-Landeros, J Contreras-Garcia, ME Pfeiffer, H AF Ortiz-Landeros, Jose Eugenia Contreras-Garcia, Maria Pfeiffer, Heriberto TI Synthesis of macroporous ZrO2-Al2O3 mixed oxides with mesoporous walls, using polystyrene spheres as template SO JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Mixed oxides; Macroporous; Mesoporous; ZrO2-Al2O3 ID SOL-GEL PROCESS; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; AL2O3-ZRO2; ZIRCONIA; ALUMINA; STABILITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; ISOMERIZATION; COMPOSITES; MEMBRANES AB Macroporous ZrO2-Al2O3 mixed oxides with mesoporous walls were synthesized. The three-dimensional interconnected macroporous structures, of inorganic zirconia-alumina mixed oxides containing different alumina compositions (25, 50, 100 wt%), were prepared by sol-gel method from inorganic precursors and using polystyrene microspheres with diameters of 685 and 1520 nm as templates. The final porous arrays with controllable pore size in the submicrometer range could be obtained by calcination of the organic template. The structural characteristics are discussed. The physicochemical characterization of the samples was carried out by N-2 physisorption (S-BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The shrinkage of pore diameter was approximately 35%, and the wall thickness of inorganic framework varied between 135 and 154 nm. The specific surface areas, of the samples, were between 123 and 287 m(2)/g, obtaining the largest surface area with the highest alumina contents and the smallest templates. C1 [Ortiz-Landeros, Jose; Pfeiffer, Heriberto] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ortiz-Landeros, Jose; Eugenia Contreras-Garcia, Maria] UMSNH, Inst Invest Mat, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Pfeiffer, H, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Circuito Exterior S-N,Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM pfeiffer@iim.unam.mx FU CONACYT ; PAPIITUNAM, Mexico [IN103506] FX The authors thank to CONACYT and PAPIITUNAM, Mexico ( project IN103506) which J. Ortiz-Landeros is fellow. Furthermore, the authors thank to Carlos Flores and Dr S. R. Vazquez G. for their technical help with TEM analyses and technical support on template synthesis, respectively. 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Porous Mat. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 16 IS 4 BP 473 EP 479 DI 10.1007/s10934-008-9221-z PG 7 SC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 464DZ UT ISI:000267486700014 ER PT J AU Colosi, D Oeckl, R AF Colosi, Daniele Oeckl, Robert TI States and amplitudes for finite regions in a two-dimensional Euclidean quantum field theory SO JOURNAL OF GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Quantum field theory; General boundary formulation; S-matrix AB We quantize the Helmholtz equation (plus perturbative interactions) in two dimensions to illustrate a manifestly local description of quantum field theory. Using the general boundary formulation we describe the quantum dynamics both in a traditional time evolution setting as well as in a setting referring to finite disk (or annulus) shaped regions of spacetime. We demonstrate that both descriptions are equivalent when they should be. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Colosi, Daniele; Oeckl, Robert] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Colosi, D, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Campus Morelia, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM colosi@matmor.unam.mx robert@matmor.unam.mx FU CONACyT [47857, 49093] FX This work was supported in part by CONACyT grants 47857 and 49093. 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PD JUL PY 2009 VL 59 IS 7 BP 764 EP 780 DI 10.1016/j.geomphys.2009.03.004 PG 17 SC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical GA 467EQ UT ISI:000267721100002 ER PT J AU Wagner, E AF Wagner, Elmar TI On the noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podles sphere and index computations SO JOURNAL OF GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Quantum spheres; Spectral triple; Index pairing ID QUANTUM SPHERES; DIFFERENTIAL CALCULI; PRODUCT ALGEBRAS; DIRAC OPERATORS; REPRESENTATIONS; SUQ(2); FORMULA AB The purpose of the paper is twofold: First, known results of the noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podles sphere are extended by discussing Poincare duality and orientability. In the discussion of orientability, Hochschild homology is replaced by a twisted version which avoids the dimension drop. The twisted Hochschild cycle representing an orientation is related to the volume form of the distinguished covariant differential calculus. Integration over the volume form defines a twisted cyclic 2-cocycle which computes the q-winding numbers of quantum line bundles. Second, a "twisted" Chem character from equivariant K-0-theory to even twisted cyclic homology is introduced which gives rise to a Chern-Connes pairing between equivariant K-0-theory and twisted cyclic cohomology. The Chern-Connes pairing between the equivariant K-0-group of the standard Podles sphere and the generators of twisted cyclic cohomology relative to the modular automorphism and its inverse are computed. This includes the pairings with the twisted cyclic 2-cocycle associated to the volume form, and the one corresponding to the "no-dimension drop" case. From explicit index computations, it follows that the pairings with these cocycles give the q-indices of the known equivariant 0-summable Dirac operator on the standard Podles sphere. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Wagner, E, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM elmar.wagner@math.uni-leipzig.de FU DFG [WA 1698/2-1]; European Commission [MTK-CT-2004-509794] FX The author thanks Ludwik Dabrowski, Francesco D'Andrea, Giovanni Landi, and Adam Rennie for stimulating discussions on the subject, and is especially grateful to an anonymous referee for his very useful comments. This work was supported by the DFG fellowship WA 1698/2-1 and the European Commission grant MTK-CT-2004-509794. 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Geom. Phys. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 59 IS 7 BP 998 EP 1016 DI 10.1016/j.geomphys.2009.04.006 PG 19 SC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical GA 467EQ UT ISI:000267721100016 ER PT J AU Castaneda-Guzman, R Huanosta-Tera, A Banos, L Fernandez-Zamora, M Perez-Ruiz, SJ AF Castaneda-Guzman, R. Huanosta-Tera, Alfonso Banos, L. Fernandez-Zamora, Mario Perez-Ruiz, S. J. TI Pulsed Photoacoustic: A Reliable Technique to Investigate Diffuse Phase Transitions and Associated Phenomena in Ferroelectrics SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article DE Pulsed photoacoustic; ferroelectrics; relaxors ID RELAXOR FERROELECTRICS; CERAMICS; BATIO3 AB Often permittivity against T curves do not provide a conclusive characterisation of dielectric features of ferroelectric materials. Particularly, when permittivity is obtained from impedance measurements, where to experimental data is gradually lost at high frequencies when the temperature rises. Here we show how a combination of permittivity measurements and photoacoustic experiments can give a much more complete characterization of the ferro-paraelectric phase transitions and associated phenomena than those obtained from permittivity data alone. Peaked correlation curves, obtained from photoacoustic experiments were interpreted to be a manifestation of large enough microscopic variations of the compressibility as the temperature changed. On one hand, using a classical ferroelectric (BaTiO3) and a well-recognized relaxor (Ba(Ti0.65Zr0.35)O-3) the main differences between their photoacoustic response are established. On the other hand, dielectric and photoacoustic results from the compounds Bi2WO6 and Bi-2[Ta0.1W0.9]O6-delta, were combined to characterize the temperature dependence of their dielectric behavior. Results provide evidence of the presence of a diffuse phase transition in Bi2WO6 at 660 degrees C similar to that corresponding to relaxor behavior. Additionally the occurrence of a classical ferro-paraelectric phase transition above 900 degrees C was found. This last phenomenon is detectable only by photoacoustic experiments. In Bi-2[Ta0.1W0.9]O6-delta the presence of a well defined transition was not detected. Dielectric determinations throughout ac measurements were carried out in the frequency interval 5 Hz-13 MHz. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser (10 Hz, 5 ns pulse width) was used to perform the photoacoustic experiments, where the out-coming signal was detected by a piezoelectric transducer. Dielectric and photoacoustic experiments were performed in a temperature interval from 250 degrees C up to 1000 degrees C. C1 [Castaneda-Guzman, R.; Perez-Ruiz, S. J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Aplicadas & Desarrollo Tecnol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Huanosta-Tera, Alfonso; Banos, L.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Fernandez-Zamora, Mario] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Castaneda-Guzman, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Aplicadas & Desarrollo Tecnol, AP 70-186, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rosalba.castaneda@ccadet.unam.mx FU DGAPA-UNAM [IN117208]; Conacyt [44318-F] FX Financial support from DGAPA-UNAM (IN117208) and Conacyt (44318-F) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Dr. Neil Bruce for the revision of the manuscript and Fis. Raul Reyes for technical support. CR BENDAT JF, 1993, ENG APPL CORRELATION, P63 CASTANEDAGUZMAN R, 1998, APPL PHYS LETT, V73, P623 CASTANEDAGUZMAN R, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V77, P3087 CASTANEDAGUZMAN R, 2002, FERROELECTRICS, V273, P327 CHEN IW, 1998, FERROELECTRICS, V206, P245 CROSS LE, 1987, FERROELECTRICS, V76, P241 CROSS LE, 1994, FERROELECTRICS, V151, P305 FLORES JLP, 2001, APPL PHYS LETT, V79, P1166 GUZMAN RC, 2001, ANAL SCI, V17, S122 KNIGHT KS, 1993, FERROELECTRICS, V150, P319 PATEL CKN, 1981, REV MOD PHYS, V53, P517 RAVEZ J, 2000, EUR PHYS J-APPL PHYS, V11, P9 SMOLENSKY GA, 1970, J PHYS SOC JAPAN S, V28, P26 YAO X, 1983, J APPL PHYS, V54, P3399 NR 14 TC 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0015-0193 J9 FERROELECTRICS JI Ferroelectrics PY 2009 VL 386 BP 50 EP 61 DI 10.1080/00150190902961298 PG 12 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter GA 465QR UT ISI:000267602400006 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Perez, JDL Jaimes-Lara, MG Salgado-Garciglia, R Lopez-Meza, JE AF Sanchez-Perez, Jose D. L. Guadalupe Jaimes-Lara, Ma. Salgado-Garciglia, Rafael Lopez-Meza, Joel E. TI Root extracts from Mexican avocado (Persea americana var. drymifolia) inhibit the mycelial growth of the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antioomycete activity; Root extracts; Stigmastan-3,5-diene ID DNA-POLYMERASE-BETA; ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS; CONSTITUENTS; FRUITS; INVOLVEMENT; RESISTANCE; LEAVES; PLANTS; CELLS; OIL AB Crude root extracts from Mexican avocado trees (Persea americana) were screened for antioomycete activity against Phytophthora cinnamomi. Forty-eight accessions from Mexican avocado trees were selected with potential resistance to P. cinnamomi according to environmental and site descriptors. Crude root extracts from these accessions were obtained and tested in vitro against the oomycete P. cinnamomi. Seven crude root extracts inhibited mycelial growth (> 50%) and only root extracts from accessions 765-01 and 773-01 showed 100% of inhibition. Extracts from accessions 765-01 and 773-01 were analysed by preparative thin-layer chromatography and six fractions were detected under UV light. In both extracts, fractions IV (R (f) 0.85) and V (R (f) 0.9) showed in vitro inhibition (100%) against mycelial growth of P. cinnamomi. Fraction V was subjected to GC-MS analysis and stigmastan-3,5-diene (C29H48) was identified as the major compound. In vitro assay showed that stigmastan-3,5-diene (100 ppm) inhibited the mycelial growth of P. cinnamomi. The constitutive presence of this compound in avocado roots offers possibilities to identify and to select potentially resistant plants to P. cinnamomi. C1 [Lopez-Meza, Joel E.] Univ Michoacana, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Adm Chapultepec, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. [Sanchez-Perez, Jose D. L.; Guadalupe Jaimes-Lara, Ma.; Salgado-Garciglia, Rafael] UMSNH, Inst Invest Quim Biol, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Lopez-Meza, JE, Univ Michoacana, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Adm Chapultepec, Apdo Postal 53, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. EM elmeza@zeus.umich.mx CR *IPGRI, 1995, DESCR AV PERS SPP ABE F, 2005, BIOL PHARM BULL, V28, P1314 CHATURVEDULA VSP, 2003, J NAT PROD, V66, P1463 COFFEY MD, 1987, CALIFORNIA AVOCADO S, V71, P173 COFFEY MD, 1992, PLANT DIS INT IMPORT, P423 DEALMEIDA AP, 1998, PHYTOTHER RES, V12, P562 DOMERGUE F, 2000, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V54, P183 ELSHAZLY A, 2002, Z NATURFORSCH C, V57, P620 ERWIN DC, 1996, PHYTOPHTHORA DIS WOR KING JR, 1987, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V35, P842 KIPRONO PC, 2000, Z NATURFORSCH C, V55, P485 LI SS, 2004, BIOORGAN MED CHEM, V12, P4253, DOI 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.05.016 MENGE JA, 1992, P 2 WORLD AV C SHAP, P53 MITOVA M, 2003, Z NATURFORSCH C, V58, P697 NEEMAN I, 1970, APPL MICROBIOL, V19, P470 OBERLIES NH, 1998, J NAT PROD, V61, P781 PAPADOPOULOU K, 1999, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V96, P12923 PEGG KG, 2002, AVOCADO BOT PRODUCTI, P299 PHILLIPS D, 1987, PHYTOPATHOLOGY, V77, P691 PRUSKY D, 1982, PHYTOPATHOLOGY, V72, P1578 PRUSKY D, 1993, PLANT DIS, V77, P114 RODRIGUEZSAONA C, 2000, ENTOMOL EXP APPL, V94, P183 SCHIEBER E, 1977, CALIF AVOCADO SOC YR, V61, P91 THOMIDIS T, 2002, PHYTOPARASITICA, V30, P52 WACHSMAN MB, 2002, ANTIVIR CHEM CHEMOTH, V13, P61 WANG SY, 1997, ACTA HORTIC, V439, P863 WIGG MD, 1996, ANTIVIR CHEM CHEMOTH, V7, P179 ZENTMYER GA, 1985, CALIFORNIA AVOCADO S, V69, P89 ZHAO CC, 2005, ARCH PHARM RES, V28, P1147 NR 29 TC 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOLOGY JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 124 IS 4 BP 595 EP 601 DI 10.1007/s10658-009-9446-y PG 7 SC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture GA 462XW UT ISI:000267393200006 ER PT J AU Chavez, FJL Chavez, PR Oyama, K AF Lopez Chavez, Felipe Javier Rios Chavez, Patricia Oyama, Ken TI Brominated precursors of Tyrian purple (CI Natural Violet 1) from Plicopurpura pansa, Plicopurpura columellaris and Plicopurpura patula SO DYES AND PIGMENTS LA English DT Article DE Tyrian purple precursors; Plicopurpura; 6,6 '-Dibromoindigo; Tyrindolinone; Tyrindoleninone; 6-Bromoindalin-2-one; GC/MS; NMR ID REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; DICATHAIS-ORBITA; EGG MASSES; GOULD; 6,6'-DIBROMOINDIGO; MOLLUSKS AB Tyrian purple (C.I. Natural Violet 1) and its precursors have enjoyed much attention as various species of gastropods of the Muricidae family. However, few investigations have concerned the dye's precursors, namely Plicopurpura columellaris and Plicopurpura patula. Derivatization and NMR revealed that the purple pigment in Plicopurpura pansa is 6,6'-dibromoindigo. H-1 and C-13 NMR enabled tyrindolinone (6-bromo-2,2-bis-methylsulfanyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one), a methanethiol adduct of tyrindoleninone from P. pansa, to be identified. GC/MS was used to identify the precursors of C.I. Natural Violet 1 from P. pansa, P. columellaris and P. patula. Tyrindoleninone (6-bromo-2-methylsulsulfanyl-3H-indol-3-one) was present in the milk and the hypobranchial gland of P. pansa only whereas an indole derivative, 6-bromoindalin-2-one (6-bromo-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-one), was present in the hypobranchial gland of P. patula and P. columellaris but not in P. pansa. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lopez Chavez, Felipe Javier; Rios Chavez, Patricia] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. [Oyama, Ken] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Lopez Chavez, Felipe Javier] Univ Guadalajara, Dept Estudios Desarrollo Sustentable Zonas Coster, San Patricio Melaque, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Chavez, FJL, Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jlopez@costera.melaque.udg.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) in Mexico FX We thank Dr. J. Molina-Torres (CINVESTAV, Unidad Irapuato) for his assistance in the GC/MS and C. Armenta-Salinas (Instituto de Investigaciones Quimico-Biologicas) for her assistance in NMR. We are also grateful to the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) in Mexico, for the grant given to the corresponding author. Dr. Rosa Elba del Rio is acknowledged for her comments on the manuscript. CR ALCANTARA GB, 2006, ANN MAGN RESON, V5, P1 ANDREOTTI A, 2004, RAPID COMMUN MASS SP, V18, P1213 BAKER JT, 1973, AUST J CHEM, V26, P2153 BENKENDORFF K, 2000, J CHEM ECOL, V26, P1037 BENKENDORFF K, 2001, MOLECULES, V6, P70 CASTILLORODRIGU.ZG, 1992, ANALES I CIENCIAS MA, V19, P1 CHAVEZ EA, 2000, AM MALAC B, V21, P51 CHRISTOPHERSEN C, 1978, TETRAHEDRON, V34, P2779 CLARK RJH, 1999, NEW J CHEM, P323 COOKSEY C, 2001, DYES HIST ARCHAEOL, V16, P91 COOKSEY CJ, 2001, MOLECULES, V6, P736 CROTEAU R, 2000, BIOCH MOL BIOL PLANT, P1250 IMMING P, 2001, SYNTHETIC COMMUN, V31, P3721 KOOL SP, 1988, MALACOLOGIA, V29, P373 LOPEZ CFJ, 2009, THESIS U MICHOACANA MEIJER L, 2003, CHEM BIOL, V10, P1255, DOI 10.1016/j.chembiol.2003.11.010 MICHELMORFIN JE, 2000, J SHELLFISH RES, V19, P913 MICHELMORFIN JE, 2002, CIENC MAR, V28, P357 NAEGEL LCA, 2005, J SHELLFISH RES, V24, P421 PIETRA F, 2002, PURE APPL CHEM, V74, P2207 PROKSCH P, 1999, FUNCTIONS PLANT SECO, P134 TANOUE Y, 2001, FISHERIES SCI, V67, P726 TUROK M, 1998, CARACOL PURPURA PANS, P166 VINOKUROVA NG, 2000, MICROBIOLOGY+, V69, P343 WELLINGTON MG, 1983, BIOL BULL, P518 WESTLEY C, 2008, J CHEM ECOL, V34, P44, DOI 10.1007/s10886-007-9402-2 WESTLEY CB, 2006, INDIRUBIN RED SHADE WINK M, 1999, FUNCTIONS PLANT SECO, P1 WITHNALL R, 2003, DYES HIST ARCHAEOL, V19, P109 NR 29 TC 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-7208 J9 DYE PIGMENT JI Dyes Pigment. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 83 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.03.019 PG 7 SC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles GA 463FC UT ISI:000267414100002 ER PT J AU Marin, JA Diaz, NP AF Anzurez Marin, Juan Pitalua Diaz, Nun TI ROBUST FAULT DETECTION AND ISOLATION USING UNKNOWN INPUTS OBSERVERS SO DYNA-COLOMBIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Fault detection; Unknown Input Observers; Stability AB A technique for design of unknown inputs observers is presented, applied to the solution of fault detection problem. The proposed technique is mainly based on observation of error signals known as residuals, which are obtained by taking away actual input from estimated input. In an unknown inputs observer the state estimation error vector approaches zero asymptotically, regardless the presence of the unknown inputs or perturbations in the system. Diagnosis algorithm was satisfactorily tested in a hydraulic liquid level system in simulation as well as real time. C1 [Anzurez Marin, Juan] Univ Michoacana San Nicolas Hidalgo Sede Morelia, Fac Ingn Elect, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Pitalua Diaz, Nun] Univ Sonora, Dept Ingn Ind, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. RP Marin, JA, Univ Michoacana San Nicolas Hidalgo Sede Morelia, Fac Ingn Elect, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM janzurez@jupiter.umich.mx npitalua@gmail.com CR ANZUREZ J, 2004, 26 INT C EL ENG ELEC, P103 ANZUREZ J, 2006, 2006 IEEE INT C FUZZ, P6672 BEGOVICH O, 1999, 18 INT C N AM FUZZ I, P645 CASTILLO B, 2005, P 2005 IEEE INT S IN, P652 CHEN J, 1999, ROBUST MODEL BASED F MICHAEL A, 2001, P AM CONTR C ARL US, P1121 PATTON R, 2000, ISSUES FAULT DIAGNOS RIDENOUR J, 2004, OBSERVER BASED FAULT YONG YC, 2001, AUTOMATICA FUZZY SET, V124, P213 NR 9 TC 0 PU UNIV NAC COLOMBIA, FAC NAC MINAS PI MEDELLIN PA APARTADO AEREO 3840, MEDELLIN, 00000, COLOMBIA SN 0012-7353 J9 DYNA-COLOMBIA JI Dyna-Colombia PD JUN PY 2009 VL 76 IS 158 BP 209 EP 217 PG 9 SC Engineering, Multidisciplinary GA 466HQ UT ISI:000267652600020 ER PT J AU Giron-Rios, Y Oleschko-Lutkova, K Parrot, JF Hernandez-Alcantara, JM Garcia, EC Velazquez-Garcia, JJ AF Giron-Rios, Yolanda Oleschko-Lutkova, Klaudia Parrot, Jean-Francois Manuel Hernandez-Alcantara, J. Camarillo Garcia, Enrique Jesus Velazquez-Garcia, J. TI REFLECTANCE FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF SALINE SOILS SO AGROCIENCIA LA English DT Article DE Fractal dimension; invariance to scaling; reflectance; salinity ID COLOR MEASUREMENT; ORGANIC-MATTER; SEDIMENTS; IMAGERY; CRUSTS AB Variability in the soil salinity space has been documented in various studies. Reflectance is an essential variable addressed in them. In this study an alternative method is proposed for the analysis of salinity through the multiscalar data of reflectance. The suggested method extracts information to describe the soil structure as of the analysis of the soil spectral signatures using the fractal dimension (D). The structure of salt crusts was characterized as of the analysis of fractal signatures (FER) of reflectance spectra by using the techniques of rescaling (D-R/S) and wavelets (D-W) ranges. For the statistical analysis of FER the multivaried analysis was applied and the most significant relationships were identified between FER and the soil physical and chemical properties. Five hierarchical groups were obtained with the following order: g1 < g2 < g3 < g4 < g5, on the basis of their spectral responses evaluated on the wavelength of visible light (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) of the electromagnetic spectrum (EM). A comparative test was conducted taking into account the dimensions D-R/S and D-W, which showed that the D-R/S dimension for FER is a better indicator of the salt crust structure than D-W. The values of the D-R/S dimension for each group exhibit the order 1.73 > 1.70 > 1.67 > 1.66 for the groups g1, g2, g3, g4; and 1.67 for g5. A significantly high relationship was detected among the D-R/S dimensions when comparing the five groups. The Dw dimension showed no significant relationship with the morphology of crusts. Therefore, D is useful to classify the structure of salt crusts as of the soil fractal signatures (FER) extracted front the reflectance spectra. C1 [Giron-Rios, Yolanda] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Parrot, Jean-Francois] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geog, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Manuel Hernandez-Alcantara, J.; Camarillo Garcia, Enrique] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Oleschko-Lutkova, Klaudia] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro 76001, Mexico. [Jesus Velazquez-Garcia, J.] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Ctr Nacl Invest Disciplinaria Prod Sostenible, Alvaro Obregon, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Giron-Rios, Y, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Circuito Invest Cientifica S-N,Ciudad Univ,Delega, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM yolandagiry@hotmail.com olechko@servidor.unam.mx jfparrot@hotmail.com josemh@fisica.unam.mx cgarcia@fisica.unam.mx velazquez.jaime@inifap.gob.mx CR *SRH, 1971, EST AGR ESP EX LAG T *TRUS INT INT, 2006, BEN FRACT AN SYST BARRETT LR, 2002, GEODERMA, V108, P49 BENDOR E, 1999, REMOTE SENSING EARTH, P111 BENDOR E, 2003, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V67, P289 BOUYOUCOS GS, 1936, SOIL SCI, V4, P225 BRYKSINA NA, 2005, MATH GEOL, V37, P327, DOI 10.1007/s11004-005-5951-5 CLARK RN, 1999, REMOTE SENSING EARTH, P1 CROWLEY JK, 1993, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V44, P337 DEHAAN RL, 2002, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V80, P406 DWIVEDI RS, 2001, REMOTE SENSING REV, V20, P89 ETCHEVERS JD, 1992, MANUAL METODOS ANALI FREUD JE, 1992, MATH STAT, P314 HOWARI FM, 2002, J ENVIRON QUAL, V31, P1453 HUBBARD BE, 2003, IEEE T GEOSCI REMO 1, V41, P1401, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.812906 HUMMEL JW, 2001, COMPUT ELECTRON AGR, V32, P149 JACKSON RD, 1992, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V40, P231 LAWSON AB, 2002, SPATIAL CLUSTER MODE MANDELBROT BB, 2002, GAUSSIAN SELF AFFINI METTERNICHT GI, 2003, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V85, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00188-8 OLESCHKO K, 2000, SOIL TILL RES, V55, P43 OLESCHKO K, 2004, MATH GEOL, V36, P607 PACHEPSKY Y, 2003, SCALING METHODS SOIL PANAHI A, 2004, MATH GEOL, V36, P827 POST DF, 2000, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V64, P1027 RICHARDS LA, 1985, DIAGNOSTICO REHABILI SANCHEZMARANON M, 2004, EUR J SOIL SCI, V55, P551, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00624.x SCHMID T, 2005, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V43, P2516, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2005.852082 STOKMAN HMG, 2000, COMPUT VIS IMAGE UND, V79, P236 SUMNER ME, 1998, SODIC SOILS DISTRIBU SZABOLCS I, 1979, REV RES SALT AFFECTE TAYLOR GR, 1996, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V57, P127 VISCARRAROSSEL RA, 2006, GEODERMA, V131, P59 WALKLEY A, 1934, SOIL SCI, V37, P29 WALPOLE RE, 2002, PROBABILITY STAT ENG NR 35 TC 0 PU COLEGIO DE POSTGRADUADOS PI TEXCOCO PA PO BOX 199, TEXCOCO 56190, MEXICO SN 1405-3195 J9 AGROCIENCIA JI Agrociencia PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 43 IS 4 BP 403 EP 416 PG 14 SC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary GA 463LT UT ISI:000267434400007 ER PT C AU Correa, R Bedolla-Jacuinde, A Zuno-Silva, J Cardoso, E Mejia, I AF Correa, R. Bedolla-Jacuinde, A. Zuno-Silva, J. Cardoso, E. Mejia, I. TI Effect of boron on the sliding wear of directionally solidified high-chromium white irons SO WEAR LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE High-chromium; Iron; Boron; Sliding wear; Carbide orientation ID CAST IRONS; ABRASION RESISTANCE; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; SECONDARY CARBIDES; BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS AB The effect of small amounts of boron (less than 195 ppm) added to a 16%Cr white iron were studied. Bars of 13 mm diameter were directionally solidified into hot ceramic moulds and heat was extracted from the bottom by a water cooled copper plate. The microstructure showed aligned eutectic carbides in the direction of the heat flow with a finer structure for the iron with the higher boron amount. The alloys were then heat treated at 950 degrees C to destabilize the austenitic matrix; a stronger mainly martensitic matrix reinforced with secondary carbides resulted from such a treatment. The as-cast and -heat treated alloys were tested under dry sliding for wear behavior by using three different loads (50, 150 and 250 N) and a constant sliding speed of 0.7 m/s. Wear resistance resulted higher for: (i) the heat treated irons since the martensitic matrix reinforced with secondary carbides better supported the eutectic carbide phase against fracture, (ii) the boron added irons due to the finer structure, and (iii) the irons whose eutectic carbides were aligned parallel to the worn surface, when the carbides were aligned perpendicular to the contact surface, more carbide fracture was observed which contributed to destabilize the surface. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Correa, R.; Bedolla-Jacuinde, A.; Mejia, I.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. [Zuno-Silva, J.] UMSNH, Fac Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Bedolla-Jacuinde, A, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. EM abedolla@zeus.umich.mx CR BEDOLLAJACUINDE A, 2003, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V12, P371 BEDOLLAJACUINDE A, 2007, WEAR 1, V263, P808 DOGAN ON, 1995, WEAR, V189, P136 DOGAN ON, 1997, METALL MATER TRANS A, V28, P1315 FULCHER JK, 1983, WEAR, V84, P313 FUSHENG H, 1989, MAT SCI TECHNOL, V5, P918 HANLON DN, 1999, WEAR 1, V225, P587 HEBBAR BM, 1994, T AFS, V102, P349 JACUINDE AB, 2001, WEAR 1, V250, P449 KIM C, 1979, J HEAT TREATING, V1, P43 LOPER CR, 1989, AFS T, V97, P1001 MA NH, 1990, AFS T, V98, P775 PETROVIC ST, 2003, J MATER SCI, V38, P3263 POWELL GLF, 1992, J MATER SCI, V27, P29 RADULOVIC M, 1994, J MATER SCI, V29, P5085 SHEN J, 1988, CAST MET, V1, P79 STOTT FH, 1998, TRIBOL INT, V31, P61 SULLIVAN JL, 1980, TRIBOL INT, V13, P153 TABRETT CP, 1996, INT MATER REV, V41, P59 ZUMGAHR KH, 1980, J MET, V10, P38 ZUMGAHR KH, 1980, METALL T A, V11, P613 NR 21 TC 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 267 PN Part 1 Sp. Iss. SI BP 495 EP 504 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2008.11.009 PG 10 SC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 461MH UT ISI:000267270600066 ER PT J AU Montano, NM Sandoval-Perez, AL Garcia-Oliva, F Larsen, J Gavito, ME AF Manuel Montano, Noe Lidia Sandoval-Perez, Ana Garcia-Oliva, Felipe Larsen, John Gavito, Mayra E. TI Microbial activity in contrasting conditions of soil C and N availability in a tropical dry forest SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE C mineralization; culturable bacteria; dissolved organic carbon; microbial biomass; nitrification; tropical deciduous forest ID VIABLE NITRIFIER COMMUNITY; DECIDUOUS FOREST; EXTRACTION METHOD; ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROGEN; CARBON; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; BIOMASS; BACTERIA AB We Studied the relationships between soil nutrient availability and microbial biomass and activity of two contrasting soil conditions in a tropical deciduous forest in western Mexico. Hilltops have higher pH, water. dissolved organic C, and ammonium concentrations than hillslopes. Our main hypothesis was that soil microbial biomass, microbial activity and bacterium species richness Would be higher in soils with high availability of nutrients. Fifteen soil cores, 0-5 cm depth, were taken in the dry, early rainy and rainy season, from each of the ten replicate plots in hilltop and hillslope positions located on three contiguous small watersheds. We measured moisture, C, N and P availability, potential C mineralization, net nitrification, microbial biomass and culturable heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria in composite samples from each plot. Microbial biomass, species richness of culturable heterotrophic bacteria and C mineralization were significantly higher on hilltops than on hillslopes. Net nitrification was, in contrast, significantly higher on hillslopes than on hilltops and counts of culturable nitrifying bacteria were also significantly higher in the rainy-season samples. Hilltops and hillslopes had low similarity in Composition of culturable heterotrophic bacterial species. particularly during the rainy season. The results Suggested that C and N availability and seasonal changes in soil moisture are important controlling factors for some Soil culturable-bacterial species, which may affect both C mineralization and nitrification in these tropical deciduous forest soils. C1 [Manuel Montano, Noe; Lidia Sandoval-Perez, Ana; Garcia-Oliva, Felipe; Gavito, Mayra E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Larsen, John] Univ Aarhus, Fac Agr Sci, Dept Integrated Pest Management, Res Ctr Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark. RP Garcia-Oliva, F, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Apartado Postal 27-3 Sta Maria Guido, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Trop. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 25 PN Part 4 BP 401 EP 413 DI 10.1017/S0266467409006166 PG 13 SC Ecology GA 461CR UT ISI:000267242600006 ER PT J AU De Koninck, JM Luca, F AF De Koninck, Jean-Marie Luca, Florian TI ON THE INDEX OF COMPOSITION OF THE EULER FUNCTION AND OF THE SUM OF DIVISORS FUNCTION SO JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Euler function; sum of divisors function ID MEAN-VALUE; INTEGER AB Given an integer n >= 2, let lambda(n) := (log n)/(log gamma(n)), where gamma(n) = Pi(p vertical bar n) p, denote the index of composition of n, with lambda(1) = 1. Letting phi and sigma stand for the Euler function and the sum of divisors function, we show that both lambda(phi(n)) and; lambda(sigma(n)) have normal order 1 and mean value 1. Given an arbitrary integer k >= 2, we then study the size of min {lambda(phi(n)), lambda(phi(n + 1)), ..., lambda(phi(n + k - 1))} and of min {lambda(sigma(n)), lambda(sigma(n + 1)), ..., lambda(sigma(n + k - 1))} as n becomes large. C1 [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Math Inst, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [De Koninck, Jean-Marie] Univ Laval, Dept Math & Stat, Quebec City, PQ G1V OA6, Canada. RP Luca, F, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Math Inst, Ap Postal 61-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jmdk@mat.ulaval.ca fluca@matmor.unam.mx FU NSERC ; SEP-CONACyT [46755]; PAPIIT IN [104505]; Guggenheim Fellowship FX The first author was supported in part by a grant from NSERC. The second author was supported in part by Grants SEP-CONACyT 46755, PAPIIT IN 104505 and a Guggenheim Fellowship. 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PD APR PY 2009 VL 86 IS 2 BP 155 EP 167 DI 10.1017/S1446788708000347 PG 13 SC Mathematics GA 462VN UT ISI:000267385500002 ER PT J AU Espinosa-Medina, MA Carbajal-De la Torre, G Liu, HB Martinez-Villafane, A Gonzalez-Rodriguez, JG AF Espinosa-Medina, M. A. Carbajal-De la Torre, G. Liu, H. B. Martinez-Villafane, A. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J. G. TI Hot corrosion behaviour of Fe-Al based intermetallic in molten NaVO3 salt SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Intermetallics; Molten salts; EIS; Hot corrosion ID ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE; IRON ALUMINIDES; FE40AL INTERMETALLICS; PREOXIDIZED NI; CARBON-STEEL; DEGREES-C; NA2SO4; OXIDATION; ALLOYS; RESISTANCE AB The hot corrosion of sprayed Fe-40 (at.%)Al intermetallic alloy with additions of boron and alumina whiskers in molten NaVO3 at 700 degrees C has been evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS, techniques. For short exposure times, the corrosion mechanism under these conditions was observed to be controlled by an activation process, whereas for longer exposure times, the corrosion process was under diffusion control due to the growing of an Al2O3 oxide scale, which made the diffusion of both reducing and oxidizing species through the scale to the alloy or scale surfaces more difficult. Equivalent electric model used to simulate the EIS data showed that a finite length Warburg diffusion could properly characterize the diffusion process. which confirmed the formation of a compact corrosion product scales containing rich aluminium oxide. Thus, the corrosion process was under diffusion control of aggressive ions through the formed scale. The electrochemical study was complemented by scanning electronic microscopy characterization and micro chemical analysis. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Espinosa-Medina, M. A.; Liu, H. B.] Inst Mexicano Petr, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. [Carbajal-De la Torre, G.] UMSNH, Fac Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58098, Michoacan, Mexico. [Martinez-Villafane, A.; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J. G.] Complejo Ind Chihuahua, CIMAV, Chihuahua, Mexico. [Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J. G.] UAEM CIICAP, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. RP Espinosa-Medina, MA, Inst Mexicano Petr, Eje Cent Lazaro Cardenas Norte 152,Col San Bartol, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. EM maespin@imp.mx FU CONACYT [SEP-2003-C01-43360] FX This work was supported by the project (SEP-2003-C01-43360) of CONACYT. The authors thank to Dr. Eliceo Sosa Hernandez for his helpful advice and to Hilda Esparza Ponce for their technical assistances. 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PD JUN PY 2009 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1420 EP 1427 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2009.03.028 PG 8 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 462BF UT ISI:000267319400025 ER PT J AU Perez-Maldonado, IN del Rocio, RJM Martinez-Arevalo, LP Dania, LGO Maria, A Ake, B Mario, YR Arturo, GG Leticia, Y Fernando, DB AF Perez-Maldonado, Ivan N. Maria del Rocio, Ramirez-Jimenez Martinez-Arevalo, Laura P. Dania, Lopez-Guzman O. Maria, Athanasiadou Ake, Bergman Mario, Yarto-Ramirez Arturo, Gavilan-Garcia Leticia, Yanez Fernando, Diaz-Barriga TI Exposure assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Mexican children SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE PBDEs; Children; Mexico; BDE-47; Flame retardants ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; HUMAN BREAST-MILK; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; DIETARY EXPOSURE; GREAT-LAKES; NEW-ZEALAND AB Flame retardants (FRs) constitute a group of compounds that are added to materials in order to suppress, reduce, or delay fire. At present the most used FRs are the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and diverse studies have found individuals exposed to them. However, few studies have reported data in children. The objective of this report was to assess PBDEs levels in children of six communities in Mexico. During the year 2006 we analyzed a total of 173 healthy children (aged 6-13 years old). Plasma samples were taken and quantified (gas chromatography/mass spectrometer) for PBDEs. Six PBDEs congeners (BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE- 153, BDE-1154, and BDE-209) were quantified in blood serum. We detected exposure to PBDEs in all the communities. The total PBDEs levels ranged from no detectable (nd) to 43.4 ng g(-1) lipid, the dominant PBDE congener was BDE-47, followed by BDE-100, BDE-99 and BDE-153, whereas the levels of BDE-209 were below LOD. Children living in an industrial and urban area (Ccl. Juarez, Chih) had the highest levels of PBDEs, approximately two times that of children living in El Refugio, S.L.P. (a rural area) or in Milpillas, S.L.P. (municipal landfill) and 4-5 times higher than levels found in children living in San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. (urban area), in Chihuahua, Chih. (urban area), and San Juan Tilapa, Edo. Mex. (municipal landfills). Results cannot be generalized since the communities selected are not representative of the Mexican population. However, they do indicate that Mexican children are exposed to PBDEs. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Perez-Maldonado, Ivan N.; Martinez-Arevalo, Laura P.; Leticia, Yanez; Fernando, Diaz-Barriga] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Fac Med, Unidad Pediat Ambiental, Lab Toxicol Ambiental, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico. [Perez-Maldonado, Ivan N.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Unidad Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico. [Dania, Lopez-Guzman O.] Univ Juarez Estado Durango, Fac Ciencias Quim, Durango, Mexico. [Maria, Athanasiadou; Ake, Bergman] Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Maria del Rocio, Ramirez-Jimenez] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Interdisciplinario Invest Desarrollo Integral, Unidad Michoacan, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. RP Fernando, DB, Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Fac Med, Unidad Pediat Ambiental, Lab Toxicol Ambiental, Ave Venustiano Carranza 2405, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico. EM fdia@uaslp.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico, FOMIX SLP [FMSLP-C01-200539]; National Institute of Ecology ; Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education FX This work was supported by grants from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico, FOMIX SLP (FMSLP-C01-200539) and the National Institute of Ecology. Also it was partially supported by the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education. "The work described in the manuscript was conducted in accordance with national and institutional guidelines for the protection of human subjects." 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Spacelike; Entire solution; Prescribed scalar curvature; Upper and lower barriers ID DIRICHLET PROBLEM; GAUSS CURVATURE; HYPERSURFACES AB We prove the existence and uniqueness in R-n.1 of entire spacelike hypersurfaces contained in the future of the origin O and asymptotic to the light-cone, with scalar curvature prescribed at their generic point M as a negative function of the unit vector pointing in the direction of (OM) over right arrow, divided by the Square of the norm of (OM) over right arrow (a dilation invariant problem). The solutions are seeked as graphs over the future unit-hyperboloid emanating from O (the hyperbolic space); radial upper and lower solutions are constructed which, relying on a previous result in the Cartesian setting, imply their existence. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Delanoe, Philippe] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab JA Dieudonne, F-06108 Nice 2, France. [Bayard, Pierre] UMSNH, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Delanoe, P, Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab JA Dieudonne, Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice 2, France. EM bayard@ifm.umich.mx philippe.delanoe@unice.fr FU DGAPA-UNAM [101507]; CNRS FX The first author was supported by the project DGAPA-UNAM IN 101507; the second author is supported by the CNRS. 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Non Lineaire PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 3 BP 903 EP 915 DI 10.1016/j.anihpc.2008.03.008 PG 13 SC Mathematics, Applied GA 460IA UT ISI:000267180200010 ER PT J AU Colaiuda, A Beyer, H Kokkotas, KD AF Colaiuda, A. Beyer, H. Kokkotas, K. D. TI On the quasi-periodic oscillations in magnetars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: magnetic field; stars: neutron; stars: oscillations ID NEUTRON-STAR STRUCTURE; RELATIVISTIC STARS; NUCLEON MATTER; NORMAL-MODES; EQUATION; FIELDS; FLARES; CRUST; QPOS AB We study torsional Alfven oscillations of magnetars, that is neutron stars with a strong magnetic field. We consider the poloidal and toroidal components of the magnetic field and a wide range of equilibrium stellar models. We use a new coordinate system (X, Y), where X = root a(1) sin theta and Y = root a(1) cos theta and a(1) is the radical component of the magnetic field. In this coordinate system, the one+two-dimensional evolution equation describing the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), see Sotani et al., is reduced to a one+one-dimensional equation where the perturbations propagate only along the y-axis. We solve the one+one-dimensional equation for different boundary conditions and the open magnetic field lines, that is magnetic field lines that reach the surface and there match up with the exterior dipole magnetic field as well as closed magnetic lines, i.e. magnetic lines that never reach the stellar surface. For the open field lines, we find two families of QPO frequencies: a family of 'lower' QPO frequencies which is located near the x-axis and a family of 'upper' frequencies located near the y-axis. According to Levin, the fundamental frequencies of these two families can be interpreted as the turning point of the continuous spectrum. We find that the upper frequencies are multiples of the lower ones by a constant equalling 2n + 1. For the closed lines, the corresponding factor is n + 1. By using these relations, we can explain both the lower and the higher observed frequencies in SGR 1806-20 and SGR 1900+14. C1 [Colaiuda, A.; Kokkotas, K. D.] Univ Tubingen, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Beyer, H.] Univ Michoacana San Nicolas, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Kokkotas, K. D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. RP Colaiuda, A, Univ Tubingen, Morgenstelle 10, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. EM colaiuda@tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de horst@cct.lsu.edu kostas.kokkotas@uni-tuebingen.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (German Research Foundation) FX This work has been done in parallel with the work Cerda-Duran et al. ( 2009) where the same problem has been studied by using non-linear evolutions. We benefited a lot by exchanging ideas and results with the authors and we are particularly thankful for collaboration. We are also grateful to Hajime Sotani for helpful comments and for providing us with details of his numerical code. This work was supported via the Transregio 7 'Gravitational Wave Astronomy' financed by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (German Research Foundation). 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 396 IS 3 BP 1441 EP 1448 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14878.x PG 8 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 459AM UT ISI:000267072100016 ER PT J AU Leyva-Jimenez, R Rodriguez-Orozco, AR Ortega-Pierres, LE Ramirez-Enriquez, J Gomez-Garcia, A Alvarez-Aguilar, C AF Leyva-Jimenez, Rafael Rodriguez-Orozco, Alain R. Elena Ortega-Pierres, Luz Ramirez-Enriquez, Jesus Gomez-Garcia, Anel Alvarez-Aguilar, Cleto TI Effect of pentoxifylline on the evolution of diabetic nephropathy SO MEDICINA CLINICA LA Spanish DT Article DE Pentoxifylline; Inflammation; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; Type 2 diabetes; Diabetic nephropathy ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; FACTOR-ALPHA; SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SERUM LEPTIN; INTERLEUKIN-6 AB Background and objective: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the principal cause of end-chronic kidney disease. Metabolic and hemodynamic components are directly involved. However, convincing data have shown that inflammation participates in the diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the inhibition of the inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines with pentoxifylline (PXF) attenuate the progression of the, DN. Subjects and method: in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we evaluated the effect of PXF (1200 mg daily) during 12 months, in 34 patients with incipient or established DN. Evaluated parameters were inflammation, pro-inflammatory cytokines and urinary albumin excretion (UAE). Results: PXF treatment had a reno-protective effect determined by a significant reduction in the UAE in both incipient and established (p<0.01) DN patient. This effect was attributed to a reduction in the C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-a and leptin serum levels (p<0.01). Conclusions: PXF treatment caused regression and prevented the progression of renal damage. Thus, PXF should be used in the preventive treatment of DN. These results showed that inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines are related to the progression of diabetic nephropathy. (C) 2007 Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved. C1 [Leyva-Jimenez, Rafael; Ramirez-Enriquez, Jesus; Gomez-Garcia, Anel; Alvarez-Aguilar, Cleto] IMSS, Unidad Invest Epidemiol Clin, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Orozco, Alain R.; Elena Ortega-Pierres, Luz] UMSNH, Dept Posgrado, Fac Ciencias Med & Biol Dr Ignacio Chavez, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alvarez-Aguilar, Cleto] Hosp Especialidades Ctr Med La Raza, Ctr Med Nacl Siglo 21, Unidad Invest Med Enfermedades Nefrol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Gomez-Garcia, Anel] IMSS, CIBIMI, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Alvarez-Aguilar, C, IMSS, Unidad Invest Epidemiol Clin, Hosp Gen Reg 1, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Clin. PD MAY 30 PY 2009 VL 132 IS 20 BP 772 EP 778 DI 10.1016/j.medcli.2008.05.024 PG 7 SC Medicine, General & Internal GA 458ZI UT ISI:000267068800002 ER PT J AU Cairns, AG Gallagher, JG Hargreaves, JSJ Mckay, D Morrison, E Rico, JL Wilson, K AF Cairns, A. G. Gallagher, J. G. Hargreaves, J. S. J. Mckay, D. Morrison, E. Rico, J. L. Wilson, K. TI The influence of precursor source and thermal parameters upon the formation of beta-phase molybdenum nitride SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Molybdenum nitride; Thermal parameters; SEM; XRD ID SURFACE-AREA; REDUCTION; HYDRODENITROGENATION; TUNGSTEN; FILMS; OXIDE; MON AB In the present paper the effect of the MoO3 precursor and procedure on the synthesis of beta-phase molybdenum nitride is reported. Two different sources Of MoO3 were used, and treated under a flow of gas N-2/H-2 at 700 or 750 degrees C employing various heating ramp rates. All samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and their textural properties were determined by application of the BET method. The results show that, depending on the precursor, markedly different morphologies were observed, whereas both the molybdenum source and the thermal treatment, strongly influence the incorporation of nitrogen. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cairns, A. G.; Gallagher, J. G.; Hargreaves, J. S. J.; Mckay, D.; Morrison, E.; Wilson, K.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, WestCHEM, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Rico, J. L.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Quim, Lab Catalisis, CU, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Hargreaves, JSJ, Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, WestCHEM, Joseph Black Bldg, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM justinh@chem.gla.ac.uk jlrico@umich.mx FU EPSRC [GR/S87300/01] FX J.SJ.H. and A.C. would like to acknowledge the Nuffield Undergraduate Research Bursary Scheme for providing support under project reference 34288.J.SJ.H. and D.M. would like to express their appreciation to the EPSRC for support in the area of nitride catalysis under project grant GR/S87300/01. JLR would like to acknowledge the generous support of Conacyt and Universidad Michoacana in allowing him to spend a sabbatical period at the University of Glasgow. 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PD JUN 24 PY 2009 VL 479 IS 1-2 BP 851 EP 854 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.01.065 PG 4 SC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 458XR UT ISI:000267063300181 ER PT J AU Belinson, JL Pretorius, RG Enerson, C Garcia, F Cruz, EP Belinson, SE Garcia, EY Brainard, J AF Belinson, Jerome L. Pretorius, Robert G. Enerson, Christine Garcia, Francisco Perez Cruz, Eduardo Belinson, Suzanne E. Yeverino Garcia, Eduardo Brainard, Jennnifer TI The Mexican Cervical Cancer Screening Trial Self-Sampling for Human Papillomavirus With Unaided Visual Inspection as a Secondary Screen SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER LA English DT Article DE HPV; Self-sampling; Screening ID ACETIC-ACID; WOMEN; CRYOTHERAPY; PREVENTION; LESIONS; INDIA; RISK; HPV AB The Mexican Cervical Cancer Screening (MECCS) study took place in the State of Michoacan. Primary screening was by self-sampling for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). The objectives were to increase the specificity of primary HPV screening by requiring 2 positive HPV tests I year apart in women whose secondary screen was negative according to an acetic acid-aided visual inspection (VIA). In addition, we postulated that the sensitivity of VIA would be sufficient to identify large preinvasive lesions and cancers unsuitable for cryotherapy if applied in a see-and-treat algorithm. A total of 8621 women (aged 30-50 years) were screened, and 14.3% were positive for HR-HPV In phase 1, 11.9% of the HPV-positive women were VIA-positive and were referred for colposcopy with directed and random biopsies. If VIA-negative, women repeated the self-sample I year later to detect persistent HR-HPV (25.2% were positive). If persistently HR-HPV-positive in phase 2, patients again had VIA, then all women (both VIA-positive and -negative) received directed and random biopsies. If cryotherapy had been used to treat HPV- and VIA-positive women in phase 1 or persistent HR-HPV-positive (phase 2), the potential risk of under treatment Would have been 4.1%, and 66.4% of the treated patients Would have had normal or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I on biopsy. The VIA triage would refer 0.73% of the patients to colposcopy owing to the lesion size, location, or the presence of a cancer. On the basis of this pilot study, we are encouraged to explore and evaluate a rapid, more sensitive, and more specific self-test. C1 [Belinson, Jerome L.; Garcia, Francisco] Cleveland Clin, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Brainard, Jennnifer] Cleveland Clin, Dept Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Pretorius, Robert G.] So Calif Permanente Med Grp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Fontana, CA USA. [Enerson, Christine] Prevent Oncol Int, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. Ctr Excellence Womens Hlth Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Belinson, Suzanne E.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Belinson, JL, Prevent Oncol Int Inc, 2762 Fairmt Blvd, Cleveland, OH 44118 USA. 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J. Gynecol. Cancer PD JAN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1111/IGC.0b013e318197f479 PG 6 SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 457ZB UT ISI:000266976100006 ER PT J AU Bloom, DD Piller, KR Lyons, J Mercado-Silva, N Medina-Nava, M AF Bloom, Devin D. Piller, Kyle R. Lyons, John Mercado-Silva, Norman Medina-Nava, Martina TI Systematics and Biogeography of the Silverside Tribe Menidiini (Teleostomi: Atherinopsidae) Based on the Mitochondrial ND2 Gene SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; ALL-FEMALE FISH; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CENTRAL MEXICO; ATHERINIDAE; EVOLUTION; ATHERINIFORMES; INFERENCE; COMPLEX; BIOLOGY AB The silverside fish tribe Menidiini (Teleostei: Atherinopsidae) consists of four genera, Menidia, Labidesthes, Poblana, and Chirostoma, that are distributed along the Atlantic coast of North America, throughout the Gulf of Mexico, insular United States, and the Mesa Central of Mexico. It has been suggested that Chirostoma, Poblana, and Menidia should be recognized as a single genus under the nominal Menidia. To test this hypothesis, phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Menidiini were assessed using the mitochondrially encoded ND2 gene. Monophyly of the Menidiini tribe was supported. Results also failed to support monophyly for the genera Menidia and Chirostoma as currently recognized. A central Mexican clade, Inclusive of Chirostoma and Poblana, was recovered as monophyletic and strongly supported. Relationships within the Mesa Central clade support a previously recognized "humboldtianum" clade and the paraphyly of Chirostoma with respect to Poblana. C1 [Bloom, Devin D.; Piller, Kyle R.] SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. [Lyons, John] Univ Wisconsin, Zool Museum, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mercado-Silva, Norman] Inst Ecol AC, Dept Ecol Func, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Medina-Nava, Martina] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Piller, KR, SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. 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The distribution of nests of secondary cavity nesters is rarely clumped because the birds are constrained by the distribution of existing cavities as nest resources. In this study, to evaluate the interplay of environmental and behavioral processes in the spacing of parrot nests, we compared the spatial distribution of active Lilac-crowned Parrot (Amazona finschi) nests with that of all cavities used as nests over 14 years. Parrots reused 42% of cavities, and the frequency of reuse was significantly associated with a previously Successful nesting attempt. Positive fitness benefits of cavity reuse may indicate high-quality nest sites that are used more intensively by resident breeding pairs. Spatial-point-pattern analysis indicated that trees used as nests were significantly clustered within 60 m in the three nesting areas, with average distance of 100-200 in between nest trees. In a given breeding season, active parrot nests were separated by a mean 950 +/- 890 in. Parrot nests were also located significantly closer to a tree used as a nest in the previous breeding season than the distance between nearest nesting conspecifics. This pattern Suggests that conspecifics influence the spatial distribution of reproductive pairs breeding simultaneously, With nesting pairs occupying areas where Suitable cavities are more numerous. The behavioral spacing requirements of nesting parrots may limit breeding densities and restrict management strategies to increase numbers of nesting pairs within protected areas. C1 [Salinas-Melgoza, Alejandro] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Salinas-Melgoza, Vincent] Inst Tecnol Valle Morelia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Renton, Katherine] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Estac Biol Chamela, San Patricio 48980, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Salinas-Melgoza, A, New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM aalejandros@yahoo.com.mx FU Fundacion Ecologica de Cuixmala ; World Parrot Trust ; Denver Zoological Foundation ; Estacion de Biologia Chamela of the Instituto de Biologia ; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) ; Fundacion Ecologica de Cuixmala [1998-2000]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [2000-2002] FX This long-term study would not have been possible without the consistent logistical and financial support of the Fundacion Ecologica de Cuixmala, the World Parrot Trust, the Denver Zoological Foundation, and the Estacion de Biologia Chamela of the Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Scholarships were provided to AS-M by the Fundacion Ecologica de Cuixmala (1998-2000), and a postgraduate grant from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) (2000-2002). The Secretaria del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales granted research permits. We thank A. Gutierrez, A. Miranda, R. Nunez, and T. Sanchez for assistance with nest inspections. M. A. Salinas-Melgoza assisted with the spatial-point-pattern analysis. The Estacion de Biologia Chamela, Instituto de Biologia, UNAM, and the Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, provided facilities for the preparation of this manuscript. We are grateful to J. R. Eberhard, E. Hobson, T. White, and T. Wright for their constructive comments that improved the manuscript. 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Reula, O. Sarbach, O. Winicour, J. TI Boundary Conditions for Coupled Quasilinear Wave Equations with Application to Isolated Systems SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EINSTEINS FIELD-EQUATIONS; DIFFERENCE APPROXIMATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS; WELL-POSEDNESS; EVOLUTION; STABILITY; OPERATORS AB We consider the initial-boundary value problem for systems of quasilinear wave equations on domains of the form [0, T] x I pound, where I pound is a compact manifold with smooth boundaries a,I pound. By using an appropriate reduction to a first order symmetric hyperbolic system with maximal dissipative boundary conditions, well posedness of such problems is established for a large class of boundary conditions on a,I pound. We show that our class of boundary conditions is sufficiently general to allow for a well posed formulation for different wave problems in the presence of constraints and artificial, nonreflecting boundaries, including Maxwell's equations in the Lorentz gauge and Einstein's gravitational equations in harmonic coordinates. Our results should also be useful for obtaining stable finite-difference discretizations for such problems. C1 [Kreiss, H. -O.] Royal Inst Technol, NADA, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kreiss, H. -O.; Winicour, J.] Max Planck Gesell, Albert Einstein Inst, D-14476 Golm, Germany. [Reula, O.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, FAMAF, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Reula, O.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Fis Enrique Gaviola, Cordoba, Argentina. [Sarbach, O.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. [Winicour, J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Kreiss, HO, Royal Inst Technol, NADA, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. EM sarbach@ifm.umich.mx FU CONICET ; SECYT-UNC ; NSF [INT0204937, PH-0553597]; SEP Mexico [PROMEP UMICH-PTC-195]; CONACyT [61173]; [CIC 4.19] FX The work of O.R. was supported in part by CONICET, SECYT-UNC and NSF Grant INT0204937 to Louisiana State University. The work of O. S. was supported in part by grant CIC 4.19 to Universidad Michoacana, PROMEP UMICH-PTC-195 from SEP Mexico and CONACyT grant No. 61173. The work of J. W. was supported by NSF grant PH-0553597 to the University of Pittsburgh. During the course of this research we have profited from many discussions with H. Friedrich. 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Math. Phys. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 289 IS 3 BP 1099 EP 1129 DI 10.1007/s00220-009-0788-2 PG 31 SC Physics, Mathematical GA 459LL UT ISI:000267103800012 ER PT J AU Ford, K Luca, F Shparlinski, IE AF Ford, Kevin Luca, Florian Shparlinski, Igor E. TI ON THE LARGEST PRIME FACTOR OF THE MERSENNE NUMBERS SO BULLETIN OF THE AUSTRALIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE primes; Mersenne numbers; applications of sieve methods ID DIVISORS AB Let P(k) be the largest prime factor of the positive integer k. In this paper, we prove that the series Sigma(n >= 1)(log n)(alpha)/P(2(n) - 1) is convergent for each constant alpha < 1/2, which gives a more precise form of a result of C. L. Stewart ['On divisors of Fermat, Fibonacci, Lucas and Lehmer numbers', Proc. London Math. Soc. 35(3) (1977), 425-447]. C1 [Shparlinski, Igor E.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Comp, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. 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PD JUN PY 2009 VL 79 IS 3 BP 455 EP 463 DI 10.1017/S0004972709000033 PG 9 SC Mathematics GA 459HN UT ISI:000267092300009 ER PT J AU Ghilardi, A Guerrero, G Masera, O AF Ghilardi, Adrian Guerrero, Gabriela Masera, Omar TI A GIS-based methodology for highlighting fuelwood supply/demand imbalances at the local level: A case study for Central Mexico SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Residential fuelwood use; Non-renewable biomass; Spatial analysis and modeling; Geographic information systems; Wood energy planning; WISDOM methodology; GHG emissions; Clean Development Mechanism (CDM); Mexico ID SUPPLY-AND-DEMAND; KAMPONG-THOM PROVINCE; TROPICAL FORESTS; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; BIOMASS; CARBON; BIOFUELS; CAMBODIA; WISDOM AB When fuelwood is harvested at a rate exceeding natural growth and inefficient conversion technologies are used, negative environmental and socio-economic impacts, such as fuelwood shortages, natural forests degradation and net GHG emissions arise. In this study, we argue that analyzing fuelwood supply/demand spatial patterns require multi-scale approaches to effectively bridge the gap between national results with local situations. The proposed methodology is expected to help 1) focusing resources and actions on local critical situations, starting from national wide analyses and 2) estimating, within statistically robust confidence bounds, the proportion of non-renewable harvested fuelwood. Starting from a previous work, we selected a county-based fuelwood hot spot in the Central Highlands of Mexico, identified from a national wide assessment, and developed a grid-based model in order to identify single localities that face concomitant conditions of high fuelwood consumption and insufficient fuelwood resources. By means of a multicriteria analysis (MCA), twenty localities, out of a total of 90, were identified as critical in terms of six indicators related to fuelwood use and availability of fuelwood resources. Fuelwood supply/demand balances varied among localities from -16.2 +/- 2.5 Gg y(-1) to 4.4 +/- 2.6 Gg y(-1), while fractions of non-renewable fuelwood varied from 0 to 96%. These results support the idea that balances and non-renewable fuelwood fractions (mandatory inputs for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) cookstoves projects) must be calculated on a locality by locality basis if gross under or over-estimations want to be avoided in the final carbon accounting. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ghilardi, Adrian; Guerrero, Gabriela; Masera, Omar] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIECO, Ecosyst Res Ctr, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ghilardi, A, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIECO, Ecosyst Res Ctr, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. 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PD JUN-JUL PY 2009 VL 33 IS 6-7 BP 957 EP 972 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.02.005 PG 16 SC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 460CK UT ISI:000267162500006 ER PT J AU Lopez-Meza, JE Gutierrez-Barroso, A Ochoa-Zarzosa, A AF Lopez-Meza, Joel E. Gutierrez-Barroso, Angelina Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra TI Expression of tracheal antimicrobial peptide in bovine mammary epithelial cells SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Tracheal antimicrobial peptide; Staphylococcus aureus; Prolactin; Mammary epithelium; Acetyl salicylic acid ID NF-KAPPA-B; BETA-DEFENSIN GENES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ALPHA-DEFENSINS; MESSENGER-RNA; MASTITIS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; ACTIVATION; DISEASE AB The production of antimicrobial peptides is an important key of innate immunity. Tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP) expression has been reported in bovine tracheal epithelial cells and it can be modulated by bacterial infection or bacterial components. In mammary gland TAP expression has been reported, but the cell type that produces it is unknown. The objective of this work was to evaluate if bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) express TAP mRNA, and evaluate the regulation of its expression in response to Staphylococcus aureus infection, bovine prolactin (bPRL) or acetyl salicylic acid (ASA). By retrotranscription and PCR, we demonstrated that bMEC express TAP mRNA. bMEC infected with live S. aureus down-regulates TAP expression, whereas the challenge with gentamicin-killed S. aureus upregulates it. Also, bPRL do not significantly modify TAP expression, but in the presence of 5 mM ASA it was down-regulated, suggesting that nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathway can be involved in its regulation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lopez-Meza, Joel E.; Gutierrez-Barroso, Angelina; Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Adm Chapultepec, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ochoa-Zarzosa, A, Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Adm Chapultepec, Apartado Postal 53, Morelia 58262, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ochoaz@zeus.umich.mx FU CIC-UMSNH [14.1, 14.5]; CONACyT [46400] FX This work was supported by Grants from CIC-UMSNH (14.1 and 14.5) and CONACyT (46400) to A.O.Z. and J.E.L.M. 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Vet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 87 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2008.12.005 PG 5 SC Veterinary Sciences GA 455HC UT ISI:000266748200013 ER PT J AU Aranda, JI Flores-Tlalpa, A Ramirez-Zavaleta, F Tlachino, FJ Toscano, JJ Tututi, ES AF Aranda, J. I. Flores-Tlalpa, A. Ramirez-Zavaleta, F. Tlachino, F. J. Toscano, J. J. Tututi, E. S. TI Effective Lagrangian description of Higgs mediated flavor violating electromagnetic transitions: Implications on lepton flavor violation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; RARE DECAYS; TOP-QUARK; BOSON; SEARCHES AB Higgs mediated flavor violating electromagnetic interactions, induced at the one-loop level by a nondiagonal Hf(i)f(j) vertex, with f(i) and f(j) charged leptons or quarks, are studied within the context of a completely general effective Yukawa sector that comprises SUL(2)xU(Y)(1)-invariant operators of up to dimension-six. Exact formulae for the one-loop gamma f(i)f(j) and gamma gamma f(i)f(j) couplings are presented and their related processes used to study the phenomena of Higgs mediated lepton flavor violation. The experimental limit on the mu -> e gamma decay is used to derive a bound on the branching ratio of the mu -> e gamma gamma transition, which is 6 orders of magnitude stronger than the current experimental limit. Previous results on the tau ->mu gamma and tau ->mu gamma gamma decays are reproduced. The possibility of detecting signals of lepton flavor violation at gamma gamma colliders is explored through the gamma gamma -> l(i)l(j) reaction, putting special emphasis on the tau mu final state. Using the bound imposed on the H tau mu vertex by the current experimental data on the muon anomalous magnetic moment, it is found that about half a hundred events may be produced in the International Linear Collider. C1 [Aranda, J. I.; Tututi, E. S.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. [Flores-Tlalpa, A.; Ramirez-Zavaleta, F.; Tlachino, F. J.; Toscano, J. J.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico. [Toscano, J. J.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Aranda, JI, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Ave Francisco J Mujica S-N, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. FU CONACYT ; SNI (Mexico) FX We acknowledge financial support from CONACYT and SNI (Mexico). 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Rev. D PD MAY PY 2009 VL 79 IS 9 AR 093009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.093009 PG 16 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 451WO UT ISI:000266501800018 ER PT J AU Kaikina, EI AF Kaikina, Elena I. TI Nonlinear evolution equations with a fractional derivative on a half-line SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Dissipative nonlinear evolution equation; Large time asymptotics; Fractional derivative ID LARGE TIME BEHAVIOR; SEMILINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATION; VISCOUS CONSERVATION-LAWS; BURGERS-EQUATION; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; WAVES; ASYMPTOTICS; STABILITY AB We study the initial-boundary value problem on a half-line for the nonlinear evolution equations with a fractional derivative. We study traditionally important problems of a theory of nonlinear partial differential equations, such as global in time existence of solutions to the initial-boundary value problem and the asymptotic behavior of solutions for large time. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Kaikina, EI, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Campus Morelia,AP 61-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. 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PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 3-4 BP 766 EP 781 DI 10.1016/j.na.2008.10.106 PG 16 SC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics GA 454RG UT ISI:000266699600008 ER PT J AU Ambriz, RR Barrera, G Garcia, R Lopez, VH AF Ambriz, R. R. Barrera, G. Garcia, R. Lopez, V. H. TI A comparative study of the mechanical properties of 6061-T6 GMA welds obtained by the indirect electric arc (IEA) and the modified indirect electric arc (MIEA) SO MATERIALS & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Al-6061-T6; Joint design; IEA; MIEA ID AFFECTED ZONE CRACKING; MG-SI ALLOYS; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; LASER; BEHAVIOR; JOINTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES; EVOLUTION AB Plates of a 6061-T6 aluminium alloy with 12.7 mm in thickness were welded with the gas metal arc welding process (GMAW) using three different joint designs; a single V groove butt joint, the indirect electric arc (IEA) joint and the modified indirect electric arc joint (MIEA). The later is a modification of the IEA joint which requires preheating of the plates prior welding to achieve full penetration with an ER-4043 filler wire. The single V groove joint was welded at ambient temperature with four welding passes whereas the IEA and MIEA joints were welded with preheating at 50, 100 and 150 degrees C in a sole pass. A comparison of the macrostructural characteristics and mechanical performance showed that joining this alloy is feasible with the different joint geometries. However, the thermal affection for the single V groove joint is quite large leading to a severely overage zone in the base metal that profoundly affects the mechanical strength of the welded joint. This effect was less dramatic for the IEA and MIEA joints due to lower heat inputs, but only the mechanical strength of the MIEA weld was above the permissible values indicated by international standards for welded joints of the 6061-T6 alloy. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ambriz, R. R.; Barrera, G.; Garcia, R.; Lopez, V. H.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Garcia, R, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, AP 888, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM rgarcia@jupiter.umich.mx FU CONACyT-Mexico FX R.R. Ambriz thanks CONACyT-Mexico for the scholarship provided. 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Des. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 30 IS 7 BP 2446 EP 2453 DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2008.10.025 PG 8 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary GA 455SF UT ISI:000266784700021 ER PT J AU Ayala-Berdon, J Schondube, JE Stoner, KE AF Ayala-Berdon, Jorge Schondube, Jorge E. Stoner, Kathryn E. TI Seasonal intake responses in the nectar-feeding bat Glossophaga soricina SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Digestive capacity; Energy intake; Metabolic demands; Nectar-feeding bats; Temperature ID WORLD NECTARIVOROUS BAT; FOOD-INTAKE; NEOTROPICAL BATS; NUTRIENT ABSORPTION; SUGAR PREFERENCES; PHYTOPHAGOUS BATS; ENERGY BUDGETS; WATER-BALANCE; BIRDS; HUMMINGBIRDS AB Food intake in nectar-feeding animals is affected by food quality, their energetic demands, and the environmental conditions they face. These animals increase their food intake in response to a decrease in food quality, a behavior named "intake response". However, their capacity to achieve compensatory feeding, in which they maintain a constant flux of energy, could be constrained by physiological processes. Here we evaluated how both a seasonal change in environmental conditions and physiological constraints affected the food ingestion in the bat Glossophaga soricina. We measured food intake rate during both the wet/warm and dry/cool seasons at sucrose solutions ranging from 146 to 1,022 mmol L-1. We expected that food intake and metabolic demands would be greater during the dry/cool season. Bats ingested similar to 20% more food in the dry/cool than in the wet/warm season. Regardless of season, bats were unable to achieve a constant flux of energy when facing the different sugar concentrations that we used in our experiments. This suggests that the rate of food intake is physiologically constrained in G. soricina. Using the digestive capacity of bats we modeled their food intake. The analytic model we used predicts that digestive limitations to ingest energy should have an important effect on the ecology of this species. C1 [Ayala-Berdon, Jorge; Schondube, Jorge E.; Stoner, Kathryn E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Schondube, JE, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Apartado Postal 27-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jayala@oikos.unam.mx chon@oikos.unam.mx FU PAPIIT-UNAM [IN225103-3]; CONACyT FX The authors acknowledge support by a grant from PAPIIT-UNAM to KES and JES ( grant No. IN225103-3). CONACyT provided scholarship support to JA ( scholarship No. 189397). We thank N. Rodriguez-Pena, C. I. Garcia-Leal and D. Salazar-Hernandez for valuable assistance in the field, H. Ferreira, and A. Valencia for technical assistance, C. Martinez del Rio and B. Hartman Bakken for improving this manuscript, and the Estacion de Biologia Chamela for logistical support. C. Voigt and an anonymous reviewer provided comments that greatly improved our manuscript. Bats were captured with permission from the Oficina de Fauna Silvestre, Mexico, for JES ( FAUT-0193). 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Comp. Physiol. B-Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 179 IS 5 BP 553 EP 562 DI 10.1007/s00360-008-0335-z PG 10 SC Physiology; Zoology GA 457QX UT ISI:000266948300001 ER PT J AU Perez-Gracia, V Caselles, JO Clapes, J Osorio, R Martinez, G Canas, JA AF Perez-Gracia, V. Caselles, J. O. Clapes, J. Osorio, R. Martinez, G. Canas, J. A. TI Integrated near-surface geophysical survey of the Cathedral of Mallorca SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Integrated surveying; Geoelectrical mapping; Cultural heritage; Ground-penetrating radar (GPR); Refraction microtremor arrays (ReMi); Electrical imaging; Resistivity survey; Palma de Mallorca ID PENETRATING RADAR INVESTIGATIONS; SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY; GPR; INVERSION; SITE; TEMPLE; TURKEY; DEPTH; SPAIN AB This paper describes an integrated near-surface geophysical study carried out in order to obtain high-resolution images of the shallow subsurface under and around the Cathedral of Mallorca. The study was a part of a global project focused on determining the state of the building structure and on evaluating the Cathedral's dynamical behaviour (natural frequencies and vibration modes). Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and the capacitively coupled resistivity method were used to obtain 2D images of the shallow Subsurface. Refraction microtremor array measurements (ReMi) were also used to characterize the rock and soil properties and several invasive boreholes provided detailed and exact information on the stratigraphy. The information from the geophysical data Was used to determine a final model of the ground, with indications of the most likely vulnerable zones. As a part of this final model, GPR profiles enabled us to delineate the superficial ground Structure and to detect some archaeological features. Electrical resistivity imaging data were in good agreement with the GPR results, and showed shallow major changes in the soil and rock under the filling materials. The refraction microtremor array (ReMi) results indicate the existence of compacted soils in different areas, probably corresponding to old filled zones, in good correlation with GPR and resistivity profiles in the most superficial part of the ground. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All Fights reserved. C1 [Perez-Gracia, V.] Tech Univ Catalonia, EUETIB, Dpt Resistencia Mat & Estruct Ingn, Barcelona 08036, Spain. [Caselles, J. O.; Clapes, J.; Canas, J. A.] Tech Univ Catalonia, Dpt Ing Terreno Cartog & Geofis, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Osorio, R.] Tech Univ Catalonia, Dpt Ing Minera & Recursos Nat, Manresa, Spain. [Martinez, G.] Univ Michoacana, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Perez-Gracia, V, Tech Univ Catalonia, EUETIB, Dpt Resistencia Mat & Estruct Ingn, C Compte Urgell 187, Barcelona 08036, Spain. EM vega.perez@upc.edu oriol.caselles@upc.edu FU Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain (MCyT) [CGL2008-00869/BTE, CGL2005-04541-CO3-02/BTE, CGL2004-22325-E]; European Commission [ALA/95/23/2003/077-122]; FEDER FX This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain (MCyT), project numbers CGL2008-00869/BTE, CGL2005-04541-CO3-02/BTE and CGL2004-22325-E, by the European Commission via the European Unit-Indian Cross-Cultural Programme (ALA/95/23/2003/077-122). In addition, funding was received from FEDER. The authors would also like to thank the editor, DrJohn Grattan, for the care he took over this paperand the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and helpful answers, cornments and suggestions. CR ABBOTT RE, 2006, SURFACE WAVE REFRACT ARIAS P, 2007, ENG FAIL ANAL, V14, P1444, DOI 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2007.02.001 BARILARO D, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P73, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.10.003 BARONE G, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P263, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.01.002 BARONE PM, 2007, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V14, P47, DOI 10.1002/arp.300 BENSON AK, 1995, ENG GEOL, V40, P139 CARDARELLI E, 2003, J APPL GEOPHYS, V52, P93, DOI 10.1016/S0926-9851(02)00242-2 CONYERS LB, 1997, GROUND PENETRATING R DABAS M, 2000, GEOPHYSICS, V65, P526 DANIELS DJ, 2004, GROUND PENETRATING R DEGROOTHEDLIN C, 1990, GEOPHYSICS, V55, P1613 DOMENGE J, 1999, OBRA SEU PROCESS CON DRAHOR MG, 2006, J APPL GEOPHYS, V59, P205, DOI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.10.008 GARCIADELGADO C, 2000, RAICES PALMA MIL PRI GONZALEZ JL, 2003, ESTUDIO DIAGNOSTICO GONZALEZ LI, 2002, INGENIERIA GEOLOGICA GOODMAN D, 1995, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V2, P85 GRACIA VP, 2000, J APPL GEOPHYS, V43, P167 GRACIA VP, 2001, THESIS U POLITECNICA GRANDJEAN G, 2000, J APPL GEOPHYS, V45, P141 HAUCK C, 2003, PERMAFROST PERIGLAC, V14, P305, DOI 10.1002/ppp.462 HESSE A, 1999, J APPL GEOPHYS, V41, P157 KAHRAMAN S, 2002, ENG GEOL, V63, P347 KVAMME KL, 2006, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V13, P57, DOI 10.1002/arp.268 LEUCCI G, 2002, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V9, P217 LEUCCI G, 2007, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V34, P222, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2006.04.012 LEUCCI G, 2007, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V34, P233, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2006.04.010 LOCKE MH, 1996, GEOPHYS PROSPECT, V44, P131 LOUIE JN, 2001, B SEISMOL SOC AM, V91, P347 MURDIE RE, 2003, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V10, P265 NEGRI S, 2006, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V33, P1505, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2006.02.003 NOBES DC, 2003, P INT S NOND TEST CI PIRO S, 2000, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V7, P203 RANALLI D, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P91, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.05.001 RUCKER ML, 2003, P 3 INT C APPL GEOPH RUCKER ML, 2006, GEOPH 2006 C ST LOUI SAMBUELLI L, 1999, J APPL GEOPHYS, V41, P189 SASS O, 2007, J APPL GEOPHYS, V62, P254, DOI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.12.003 SHIDAHARA T, 2000, ENG GEOL, V56, P125 SLOAN SD, 2007, J APPL GEOPHYS, V62, P281, DOI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2007.01.001 THORSON JR, 1985, GEOPHYSICS, V50, P2727 VAFIDIS A, 2003, ARCHAEOL PROSPECT, V10, P163 VERONESE L, 2004, CONVEGNO GEOFISCA NU XIA JH, 1999, GEOPHYSICS, V64, P691 NR 44 TC 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 36 IS 7 BP 1289 EP 1299 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2009.03.001 PG 11 SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary GA 453WC UT ISI:000266642600001 ER PT J AU Fuentes-Montemayor, E Cuaron, AD Vazquez-Dominguez, E Benitez-Malvido, J Valenzuela-Galvan, D Andresen, E AF Fuentes-Montemayor, Elisa Cuaron, Alfredo D. Vazquez-Dominguez, Ella Benitez-Malvido, Julieta Valenzuela-Galvan, David Andresen, Ellen TI Living on the edge: roads and edge effects on small mammal populations SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE habitat disturbance; island; linear landscape features; Muridae; social effects ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; WHITE-FOOTED MICE; PEROMYSCUS-LEUCOPUS; COZUMEL ISLAND; DESERT RODENT; FRAGMENTATION; MEXICO; HABITAT; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE AB Roads may affect wildlife populations through habitat loss and disturbances, as they create an abrupt linear edge, increasing the proportion of edge exposed to a different habitat. Three types of edge effects have been recognized: abiotic, direct biotic, and indirect biotic. We explored the direct biotic edge effects of 3- to 4-m wide roads, and also a previously unrecognized type of edge effect: social. We live-trapped two threatened endemic rodents from Cozumel Island (Oryzomys couesi cozumelae and Reithrodontomys spectabilis) in 16 plots delimited by roads on two sides, to compare edge effects between two adjacent edges (corners), single-edge and interior forest, on life history and social variables. No significant edge effects were observed on the life-history variables, with the exception of differences in body condition between males and females of O. c. cozumelae near edges. Both species showed significant and contrasting effects on their social variables. O. c. cozumelae was distributed according to its age and sex: the proportion of adults and males was higher in interior than near edges, while juveniles and females were more abundant near edges. More nonreproductive females were present in corners than in single-edge and interior, while the opposite distribution was observed for nonreproductive males. The distribution of R. spectabilis was related to its age and reproductive condition, but not to its sex. The proportion of adults was significantly higher in corners, while juveniles were only caught in single-edge and interior quadrants. The proportion of reproductive individuals was higher in edge than interior quadrants, while reproductive females were only present in edge quadrants. We found significant differences between the quadrants with the greatest edge exposure in comparison with other quadrants. The social edge effects we identified complement the typology of edge effects recognized in ecological literature. Our study provides insight into the effects that sharp road edges have on biological and social characteristics of small mammal populations, highlighting how such effects vary among species. Our findings have important conservation implications for these threatened species, but are also applicable in a broader context wherever there are abrupt edges caused by linear landscape features. C1 [Fuentes-Montemayor, Elisa; Cuaron, Alfredo D.] SACBE, Morelia 58341, Michoacan, Mexico. [Fuentes-Montemayor, Elisa; Vazquez-Dominguez, Ella] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Ecol Biodiversidad, Inst Ecol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Cuaron, Alfredo D.] Multicriteria SC, Unidad Independencia IMSS, Mexico City 10100, DF, Mexico. [Benitez-Malvido, Julieta; Andresen, Ellen] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Valenzuela-Galvan, David] Univ Autonoma Estado Morelos, Ctr Educ Ambiental & Invest Sierra Huautla, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico. RP Cuaron, AD, SACBE, Reforma Agr 400-8, Morelia 58341, Michoacan, Mexico. EM cuaron@gmail.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [33635-V]; Fondo Sectorial de Investigacion Ambiental Semarnat-Conacyt [2002-C01-0571]; Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica [IX238004]; [189261-Conacyt] FX Special thanks go to I. Fortes, C. Gonzalez-Baca, G. GutiErrez-Granados, M.A. Martinez-Morales, and R. Vega for help with field work. Two anonymous reviewers made very helpful comments that improved the manuscript. Financial support from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (grant 33635-V to A.D.C.), Fondo Sectorial de Investigacion Ambiental Semarnat-Conacyt (grant 2002-C01-0571), and Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica (grant IX238004 to E.V.D.) and graduate scholarship (189261-Conacyt) to E.F.M. Scientific collector permit to E.V.D.: Semarnat-FAUT-0168. The final version of the manuscript was written while J.B.M. was on sabbatical at the University of Connecticut (fellowships of Conacyt and DGAPA, UNAM). 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Anim. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 78 IS 4 BP 857 EP 865 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01551.x PG 9 SC Ecology; Zoology GA 454UF UT ISI:000266707500018 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Herrera, MT Cundy, AB Kostoglodov, V Ortiz, M AF Ramirez-Herrera, M. T. Cundy, A. B. Kostoglodov, V. Ortiz, M. TI Late Holocene tectonic land-level changes and tsunamis at Mitla lagoon, Guerrero, Mexico SO GEOFISICA INTERNACIONAL LA English DT Article DE Sea-level changes; holocene; earthquakes; tsunami; tropical coastal lagoons; paleoenvironments ID SUBDUCTION ZONE; LARGE EARTHQUAKES; SEISMOGENIC ZONE; COASTAL WETLANDS; AGE CALIBRATION; SOUTHERN MEXICO; SEISMIC GAP; NEW-ZEALAND; UPLIFT; TRENCH AB Sedimentological, stratigraphic and geochemical data record abrupt land elevation change, coastal subsidence, and changes in the salinity of Mitla lagoon that may be associated with a tsunami around 3400-3500 yr BP. The observations are supported by microfossil data (pollen, diatoms and phytolith) from other studies on the Guerrero coast. Stratigraphic data indicate an average Late Holocene sedimentation rate of about 1 mm/yr. Shortterm sea-level records from 1952 of tide gauge data are compared with expected coseismic coastal deformation, and long-term records of coastal deformation from the sediment record c. 3500 yr BP. Recent large earthquakes in the Central Mexico subduction zone ruptured an area of limited width of about similar to 60 km, but some prehistoric earthquakes may have ruptured the entire coupled plate interface almost up to the trench, thus generating significant coastal subsidence and possibly a large tsunami. C1 [Ramirez-Herrera, M. T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Cundy, A. B.] Univ Brighton, Sch Environm & Technol, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. [Kostoglodov, V.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ortiz, M.] Ctr Invest Cient & Educac Super Ensenada, Dept Oceanog Fis, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. RP Ramirez-Herrera, MT, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Campus Morelia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM mtramirez@ciga.unam.mx A.Cundy@brighton.ac.uk vladi@servidor.unam.mx ortizf@cicese.mx FU UNAM-Semilla ; CONACYT FX Financial support was provided to this project by UNAM-Semilla, CONACYT, Consolidacion a Grupos de Investigacion. Douglas Kennett is thanked for kindly providing logistic support for fieldwork and radiocarbon dates. Special thanks to Marcos Cisternas, Marcelo Lagos, Steven Lefton and Liam Reidy for their useful and constructive comments on an early version of this manuscript. We thank students Melissa Olsen, Sachiko Sakai and Matt Sedor for their enthusiastic field and lab assistance and Alejandra Larrazabal for help with graphics. 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Int. PD APR-JUN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 2 BP 195 EP 209 PG 15 SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 456SW UT ISI:000266869900002 ER PT J AU Osuna, O AF Osuna, Osvaldo TI The Aubry set for periodic Lagrangians on the circle SO BULLETIN OF THE BRAZILIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE minimizing measures; Aubry set; beta function ID MINIMIZING MEASURES; SYSTEMS AB For periodic convex Lagrangians on S-1, we show that, generically, in the sense of Mane there exists a dense open set of cohomology classes such that the Aubry set of these Lagrangians is a hyperbolic periodic orbit. This allows us to prove Mane's conjecture on S-1. C1 Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Osuna, O, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Edif C-3,Cd Univ, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. EM osvaldo@ifm.umich.mx FU CONACYT-Mexico [U50483-F] FX The author was partially supported by CONACYT-Mexico grant U50483-F. CR BANGERT V, 1994, CALC VAR PARTIAL DIF, V2, P49 BERNARD P, 2002, ANN I FOURIER, V52, P1533 CONTRERAS G, 1999, ERGOD THEOR DYN SY 4, V19, P901 MANE R, 1992, NONLINEARITY, V5, P623 MANE R, 1996, NONLINEARITY, V9, P273 MASSART D, 2003, ISR J MATH, V134, P155 MATHER J, 1990, BOL SOC BRAS MAT, V21, P57 MATHER J, 1991, MATH Z, V201, P169 MOSER J, 1986, ERGOD THEOR DYN SYST, V6, P401 OSUNA O, 2005, ERGOD THEOR DYN SY 3, V25, P949, DOI 10.1017/S0143385704000835 NR 10 TC 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1678-7544 J9 BULL BRAZ MATH SOC JI Bull. Braz. Math. Soc. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 40 IS 2 BP 247 EP 252 PG 6 SC Mathematics GA 455QZ UT ISI:000266779900005 ER PT J AU Araya, ED Kurtz, S Hofner, P Linz, H AF Araya, Esteban D. Kurtz, Stan Hofner, Peter Linz, Hendrik TI RADIO CONTINUUM AND METHANOL OBSERVATIONS OF DR21(OH) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; ISM: individual (DR21(OH)); ISM: molecules; masers; stars: formation ID STAR-FORMING-REGIONS; MASER EMISSION; PROPER MOTIONS; CLUSTER; OUTFLOWS; DUST; DR-21(OH); OBJECTS; 21(OH); CONDENSATIONS AB We report high-sensitivity subarcsecond angular resolution observations of the massive star-forming region DR21(OH) at 3.6, 1.3, and 0.7 cm obtained with the Very Large Array. In addition, we conducted observations of CH3OH 44 GHz masers. We detected more than 30 new maser components in the DR21(OH) region. Most of the masers appear to trace a sequence of bow shocks in a bipolar outflow. The centimeter continuum observations reveal a cluster of radio sources; the strongest emission is found toward the molecular core MM1. The radio sources in MM1 are located about 5 '' north of the symmetry center of the CH3OH outflow, and therefore they are unlikely to be associated with the outflow. Instead, the driving source of the outflow is likely located in the MM2 core. Although based on circumstantial evidence, the radio continuum from MM1 appears to trace free-free emission from shock-ionized gas in a jet. The orientation of the putative jet in MM1 is approximately parallel to the CH3OH outflow and almost perpendicular to the large-scale molecular filament that connects DR21 and DR21(OH). This suggests that the (accretion) disks associated with the outflows/jets in the DR21-DR21(OH) region have symmetry axes mostly perpendicular to the filament. C1 [Araya, Esteban D.; Hofner, Peter] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Araya, Esteban D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Kurtz, Stan] Univ Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Hofner, Peter] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Phys, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Linz, Hendrik] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Araya, ED, Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB 0, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. FU National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) ; U. S. Government [NAGW-2166]; NASA ; National Science Foundation FX E. A. acknowledges support from a University of New Mexico postdoctoral fellowship and a National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) Jansky fellowship. We thank L. Deharveng for a discussion regarding the IR emission in DR21( OH) and an anonymous referee for a thorough review and comments that improved the manuscript. We also thank P. Palmer and M. Goss for providing the locations of the H2O masers. This research made use of the NASA's Astrophysics Data System, and archival data from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Digitized Sky Survey. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U. S. Government grant NAGW-2166. The Two Micron All Sky Survey catalogwas also consulted as part of this investigation; 2MASS is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation. 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TI A RING/DISK/OUTFLOW SYSTEM ASSOCIATED WITH W51 NORTH: A VERY MASSIVE STAR IN THE MAKING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; instrumentation: interferometers; ISM: jets and outflows; molecular data; stars: formation; stars: individual (W51 North, W51N) ID H2O MASER SOURCES; FORMING REGIONS; ROTATING-DISK; DYNAMICAL COLLAPSE; PROPER MOTIONS; ACCRETION DISK; SIO EMISSION; ORION-KL; PROTOSTAR; OUTFLOW AB Sensitive and high angular resolution (similar to 0 ''.4) SO2[22(2,20) -> 22(1,21)] and SiO[5 -> 4] line and 1.3 and 7 mm continuum observations made with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and the Very Large Array (VLA) toward the young massive cluster W51 IRS2 are presented. We report the presence of a large (of about 3000 AU) and massive (40 M-circle dot) dusty circumstellar disk and a hot gas molecular ring around a high-mass protostar or a compact small stellar system associated with W51 North. The simultaneous observations of the silicon monoxide molecule, an outflow gas tracer, further revealed a massive (200 M-circle dot) and collimated (similar to 14 degrees) outflow nearly perpendicular to the dusty and molecular structures suggesting thus the presence of a single very massive protostar with a bolometric luminosity on the order of 10(5) L-circle dot. A molecular hybrid local thermodynamic equilibrium model of a Keplerian and infalling disk with an inner cavity and a central stellar mass of more than 60 M-circle dot agrees well with the SO2[22(2,20) -> 22(1,21)] line observations. Finally, these results suggest that mechanisms such as mergers of low-and intermediate-mass stars, might not be necessary for forming very massive stars. C1 [Zapata, Luis A.; Schilke, Peter; Menten, Karl] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ho, Paul T. 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J. PD JUN 20 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 2 BP 1422 EP 1428 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/2/1422 PG 7 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 455RQ UT ISI:000266782400037 ER PT J AU Guzman, L Loinard, L Gomez, Y Morisset, C AF Guzman, Lizette Loinard, Laurent Gomez, Yolanda Morisset, Christophe TI EXPANSION PARALLAX OF THE PLANETARY NEBULA IC 418 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; planetary nebulae: general; planetary nebulae: individual (IC 418); stars: late-type ID NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; DISTANCE SCALE; EVOLUTION; IC-418; STARS; YOUNG; VLA AB In this paper, we present radio continuum observations of the planetary nebula IC 418 obtained at two epochs separated by more than 20 years. These data allow us to show that the angular expansion rate of the ionization front in IC 418 is 5.8 +/- 1.5 mas yr(-1). If the expansion velocity of the ionization front is equal to the expansion velocity of the gas along the line of sight as measured by optical spectroscopy, then the distance to IC 418 must be 1.1 +/- 0.3 kpc. Recent theoretical predictions appropriate for the case of IC 418, however, suggest that the ionization front may be expanding about 20% faster than the material. Under this assumption, the distance to IC 418 would increase to 1.3 +/- 0.4 kpc. C1 [Guzman, Lizette; Loinard, Laurent; Gomez, Yolanda] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Morisset, Christophe] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Guzman, Lizette] Univ Manchester, Ctr Astrophys, Jodrell Bank, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Guzman, L, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. 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J. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 138 IS 1 BP 46 EP 49 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/1/46 PG 4 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 457GK UT ISI:000266916300006 ER PT J AU Mel'nikova, NB Zhil'tsova, OE Domrachev, GA Shuyu, TI Domracheva-L'vova, LG Gulenova, MV Volkov, AA Nuretdinov, IA Gubskaya, VP Berezhnaya, LS AF Mel'nikova, N. B. Zhil'tsova, O. E. Domrachev, G. A. Shuyu, T. I. Domracheva-L'vova, L. G. Gulenova, M. V. Volkov, A. A. Nuretdinov, I. A. Gubskaya, V. P. Berezhnaya, L. Sh. TI Lupane type triterpenes as structuring elements in the monolayers and films of lecithin and fullerene derivatives SO RUSSIAN CHEMICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE triterpenes; C-60 fullerenes; lecithin; Langmuir monolayers; thin films; wetting; structurization; atomic force microscopy AB Using compression and wetting isotherm analysis, it was shown that lupane triterpenes (betulinol, betulinol diacetate, betulinic acid) change crucially the state of monolayers and films of C-60 fullerene, nitroxide malonate C-60 methanofullerene, and lecithin and also the films of their mixtures at the water-air interface. The structuring action of triterpenes in the presence of lecithin and C-60 fullerene at high triterpene contents in the film gives rise to uniaxially oriented films similar to thin films of triterpenes (atomic force microscopy data). The formation of mixed bis-nitroxide malonate methanofullerene-triterpene films with excess of the latter affords structures shaped like crater-like bowls. C1 [Mel'nikova, N. B.; Shuyu, T. I.; Gulenova, M. V.; Volkov, A. A.] Nizhny Novgorod State Med Acad, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. [Zhil'tsova, O. E.; Domrachev, G. A.] Russian Acad Sci, GA Razuvaev Inst Organometall Chem, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. [Domracheva-L'vova, L. G.] Michiocan Univ, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Nuretdinov, I. A.; Gubskaya, V. P.; Berezhnaya, L. Sh.] Russian Acad Sci, Kazan Res Ctr, AE Arbuzov Organ & Phys Chem Inst, Kazan 420088, Russia. RP Mel'nikova, NB, Nizhny Novgorod State Med Acad, 10-1 Ul Minina I Pozharskogo, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. EM melnikow@rol.ru in@iopc.knc.ru FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [05-03-32633, 05-03-33008, 06-03-08189]; Tatar-stan Academy of Sciences FX This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Projects No. 05-03-32633, No. 05-03-33008, and No. 06-03-08189) and the Tatar-stan Academy of Sciences. 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TI Ophiuroids (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. SO REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL LA Spanish DT Article DE Echinodermata; Ophiuroidea; taxonomic keys; Gulf of Mexico ID ECHINOIDEA AB Ophiuroids (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. We report 68 species of ophiuroids distributed in two orders, 13 families, and 34 genera for the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Diagnosis, taxonomic description, type material, type localities, geographic distribution and comments are given for each of the analyzed species. New bathymetric distribution data for 24 species, and new geographic distribution data for 32 species are given. The order Ophiurida is the best represented with nine families, 27 genera and 61 species. The best represented families in the study area are: Ophiuridae and Amphiuridae. Thirteen new records are given for the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (Suppl. 3): 83-167. 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Zavrtanik, M. Zaw, I. Zepeda, A. Ziolkowski, M. CA Pierre Auger Collaboration TI Limit on the diffuse flux of ultrahigh energy tau neutrinos with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; COSMIC-RAYS; AIR-SHOWERS; PERFORMANCE; ASTROPHYSICS; OSCILLATIONS; PROPAGATION; TELESCOPES; SPECTRUM; SEARCH AB Data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory are used to establish an upper limit on the diffuse flux of tau neutrinos in the cosmic radiation. Earth-skimming nu(tau) may interact in the Earth's crust and produce a tau lepton by means of charged-current interactions. The tau lepton may emerge from the Earth and decay in the atmosphere to produce a nearly horizontal shower with a typical signature, a persistent electromagnetic component even at very large atmospheric depths. The search procedure to select events induced by tau decays against the background of normal showers induced by cosmic rays is described. The method used to compute the exposure for a detector continuously growing with time is detailed. Systematic uncertainties in the exposure from the detector, the analysis, and the involved physics are discussed. No tau neutrino candidates have been found. For neutrinos in the energy range 2x10(17) eV < E-nu < 2x10(19) eV, assuming a diffuse spectrum of the form E-nu(-2), data collected between 1 January 2004 and 30 April 2008 yield a 90% confidence-level upper limit of E(nu)(2)dN(nu tau)/dE(nu)< 9x10(-8) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1). C1 [Allekotte, I.; Asorey, H.; Bertou, X.; Golup, G.; Gomez Berisso, M.; Harari, D.; Mollerach, S.; Pochon, J.; Ponce, V. H.; Roulet, E.] CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Colombo, E.; Etchegoyen, A.; Ferrero, A.; Filevich, A.; Gamarra, R. F.; Krieger, A.; Micheletti, M. 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Rev. D PD MAY PY 2009 VL 79 IS 10 AR 102001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.102001 PG 15 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 451WP UT ISI:000266501900007 ER PT J AU Lopez-Martinez, V Saavedra-Aguilar, M Delfin-Gonzalez, H Figueroa-De la Rosa, JI Garcia-Ramirez, MD AF Lopez-Martinez, Victor Saavedra-Aguilar, Mario Delfin-Gonzalez, Hugo Figueroa-De la Rosa, J. I. Garcia-Ramirez, Maria De J. TI New Neotropical Distribution Records of Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) SO NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Neotropics; parasitoid; new record ID MEXICO; COLEOPTERA; ROGADINAE; REVISION; ALEIODES; NORTH; GENUS AB New distribution records of 22 braconid species belonging to Agathidinae, Braconinae, Helconinae, Homolobinae and Rogadinae subfamilies from Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico and Panama are presented. Agathirsia ninesevenci Pucci & Sharkey is reported for the first time from Mexico; Homolobus acares van Achterberg, H. antefurcalis van Achterberg and H. infumator (Lyle) from Costa Rica; Triaspis kurtogaster Martin from Brazil, Costa Rica and Panama. Sabulodes caberata Guenee (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is recorded as a new host for Homolobus infumator (Lyle). C1 [Lopez-Martinez, Victor] Univ Autonoma Estado Morelos, Fac Ciencias Agropecuarias, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico. [Saavedra-Aguilar, Mario] Programa Entomol & Acarol, Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo 56230, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Delfin-Gonzalez, Hugo] Univ Autonoma Yucatan, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Merida, Yucatan, Venezuela. [Figueroa-De la Rosa, J. I.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Agropecuarias & Forest, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Garcia-Ramirez, Maria De J.] Univ Autonoma Campeche, Escuela Super Ciencias Agropecuarias, Col Unidad, Escarcega, Campeche, Mexico. RP Lopez-Martinez, V, Univ Autonoma Estado Morelos, Fac Ciencias Agropecuarias, Av Univ 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico. EM vilomar74@yahoo.com.mx FU SEP-CONACYT [38031, 41093] FX We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for useful comments on the manuscript. Robert Allan Wharton, Scott R Shaw, Michael J Sharkey, Jim B Whitfield and Jesus Romero Napoles for his support and impulse to the Hymenoptera Parasitic study in Mexico. To Robert Zuparko (CAS and EMEC), John Huber (CNC), Jesus Romero Napoles (CEAM), (CUIC), Manuel Solis (INBio), Serguei Triapitzin (UCR), and Scott R. Shaw (RMSEL) for the loan of material. This work was partially supported by SEP-CONACYT (SNI 38031 and 41093), this is the MX-01 publication of the Red Nacional de Estudios de Hymenoptera Parasitica de Mexico. 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Entomol. PD MAR-APR PY 2009 VL 38 IS 2 BP 213 EP 218 PG 6 SC Entomology GA 452OQ UT ISI:000266551200008 ER PT J AU Herrera-Guzman, I Gudayol-Ferre, E Herrera-Guzman, D Guardia-Olmos, J Hinojosa-Calvo, E Herrera-Abarca, JE AF Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve Herrera-Guzman, Daniel Guardia-Olmos, Joan Hinojosa-Calvo, Erika Herrera-Abarca, Jorge E. TI Effects of selective serotonin reuptake and dual serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake treatments on memory and mental processing speed in patients with major depressive disorder SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Major depressive disorder; Neuropsychology; Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; Serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor; Neuropsychological assessment ID ANTIDEPRESSANT TREATMENT; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; DOUBLE-BLIND; IMPAIRMENT; DEFICITS; PLACEBO; ONSET; METAANALYSIS; ESCITALOPRAM AB Patients with major depressive disorder (MOD) usually suffer from altered cognitive functions of episodic memory, working memory, mental processing speed and motor response. Diverse studies suggest that different antidepressant agents may improve cognitive functions in patients with MDD. The aim of this work is to study the effects of serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) treatments to improve the performance on memory tasks and mental processing speed in MDD. Seventy-three subjects meeting criteria for major depressive disorder were assessed with the Hamilton depression rating scale and a neuropsychological battery. The subjects were medicated with escitalopram (n = 36) or duloxetine (n = 37) for 24 weeks. At the end of the trial, the subjects were assessed again with the same neuropsychological battery used prior to the treatment. Both treatments improved importantly the episodic memory and to a lesser extent, working memory, mental processing speed and motor performance. Our results suggest that cognition is partially independent from improvement in clinical symptoms. Both groups achieved remission rates in the HAM-D-17 after 24 weeks of treatment, but SNRI was superior to SSRI at improving episodic and working memory. Our work indicates that the superiority of SNRI over the SSRI at episodic memory improvement is clinically relevant. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel; Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve; Hinojosa-Calvo, Erika] Univ Michoacana, Fac Psicol, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. [Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel; Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve; Herrera-Abarca, Jorge E.] Clin Enfermedades Cron & Procedimientos Especiale, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel; Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve; Herrera-Abarca, Jorge E.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Escuela Super Med, Secc Estudios Postgrado & Invest, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Guardia-Olmos, Joan] Univ Barcelona, Fac Psicol, Dept Metodol, Barcelona, Spain. [Herrera-Guzman, Daniel] Ctr Michoacano Solud Mental, Secretaria Salud, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Herrera-Guzman, I, Univ Michoacana, Fac Psicol, Francisco Villa 450, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. EM iherrera@zeus.umich.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) Fondos Mixtos Edo [12037]; Clinica de Enfermedades Cronicas y Procedimientos Especiales (CECYPE) ; Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion Internacional (AECI) ; Vicerectorat de Relacions Internacionals FX This study was partially supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) Fondos Mixtos Edo. De MichoacAn Project Number 12037 Grant. Additional finding was supplied by grants from Clinica de Enfermedades Cronicas y Procedimientos Especiales (CECYPE), Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion Internacional (AECI) and Vicerectorat de Relacions Internacionals of the Universitat de Barcelona. 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Psychiatr. Res. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 43 IS 9 BP 855 EP 863 DI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.10.015 PG 9 SC Psychiatry GA 452XC UT ISI:000266573500006 ER PT J AU Velazquez-Hernandez, ML Baizabal-Aguirre, VM Bravo-Patino, A Cajero-Juarez, M Chavez-Moctezuma, MP Valdez-Alarcon, JJ AF Velazquez-Hernandez, M. L. Baizabal-Aguirre, V. M. Bravo-Patino, A. Cajero-Juarez, M. Chavez-Moctezuma, M. P. Valdez-Alarcon, J. J. TI Microbial fructosyltransferases and the role of fructans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biofilm; fructan; fructosyltransferase; inulin; inulosucrase; levan; levansucrase ID PATHOGEN ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION SYSTEM; INULIN-TYPE FRUCTANS; SUCRASE GENE SACC; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; LACTOBACILLUS-REUTERI; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; LEVANSUCRASE GENE AB Microbial fructosyltransferases are polymerases that are involved in microbial fructan (levan, inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide) biosynthesis. Structurally, microbial fructosyltransferase proteins share the catalytic domain of glycoside hydrolases 68 family and are grouped in seven phylogenetically related clusters. Fructosyltransferase-encoding genes are organized in operons or in clusters associated with other genes related to carbohydrate metabolism or fructosyltransferase secretion. Fructosyltransferase gene expression is mainly regulated by two-component systems or phosphorelay mechanisms that respond to sucrose availability or other environmental signals. Microbial fructans are involved in conferring resistance to environmental stress such as water deprivation, nutrient assimilation, biofilm formation, and as virulence factors in colonization. As a result of the biological and industrial importance of fructans, fructosyltransferases have been the subject of extensive research, conducted to improve their enzymatic activity or to elucidate their biological role in nature. C1 [Velazquez-Hernandez, M. L.; Baizabal-Aguirre, V. M.; Bravo-Patino, A.; Cajero-Juarez, M.; Valdez-Alarcon, J. J.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Chavez-Moctezuma, M. P.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quim Biol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Valdez-Alarcon, JJ, Km 9-5 Carretera Morelia Zinapecuaro, Tarimbaro 58893, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jjvaldez@zeus.umich.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Mexico [J31278-B]; Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica-U.M.S.N.H. ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Mexico FX We are grateful to C. Sosa-Aguirre for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Mexico (J31278-B) and Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica-U.M.S.N.H. to J.J.V.A. M.L.V.H. was the recipient of a PhD scholarship from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Mexico. 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Appl. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 106 IS 6 BP 1763 EP 1778 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04120.x PG 16 SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 443DN UT ISI:000265890500001 ER PT J AU Massardo, L Suarez-Almazor, ME Cardiel, MH Nava, A Levy, RA Laurindo, I Soriano, ER Acevedo-Vazquez, E Millan, A Pineda-Villasenor, C Galarza-Maldonado, C Caballero-Uribe, CV Espinosa-Morales, R Pons-Estel, BA AF Massardo, Loreto Suarez-Almazor, Maria E. Cardiel, Mario H. Nava, Arnulfo Levy, Roger A. Laurindo, Ieda Soriano, Enrique R. Acevedo-Vazquez, Eduardo Millan, Alberto Pineda-Villasenor, Carlos Galarza-Maldonado, Claudio Caballero-Uribe, Carlo V. Espinosa-Morales, Rolando Pons-Estel, Bernardo A. TI Management of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Latin America A Consensus Position Paper From Pan-American League of Associations of Rheumatology and Grupo Latino Americano De Estudio de Artritis Reumatoide SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rheumatoid arthritis; Latin America; diagnosis; treatment ID HEALTH-CARE; RADIOGRAPHIC PROGRESSION; QUALITY INDICATORS; CHILEAN PATIENTS; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; EDUCATION; OUTCOMES; METHOTREXATE; OPPORTUNITY; DISABILITY AB Objective: A consensus meeting of representatives of 18 Latin-American and Caribbean countries gathered in Renaca, Chile, for 2 days to identify problems and provide recommendations for the care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Latin America, a region where poverty and other health priorities make the efforts to provide effective and high quality care difficult. This report includes recommendations for health professionals, patients, and health authorities in Latin America, with an emphasis oil education and therapeutic issues. Methods: Fifty-one rheumatologists (list available only online on the JCR website) from 18 Latin-American and Caribbean countries with a special interest in RA participated in the consensus meeting. Participants were experts identified and appointed by the National Societies of Rheumatology affiliated with the Pan-American League of Associations for Rheumatology (PANLAR) and by the Grupo Latino Americano De Estudio de Artritis Reumatoide (GLADAR)-an independent group of Latin American rheumatologist researchers were also invited to the meeting. Eight topics were identified as priorities: patient, community and allied health professional education, health policy and decision making, programs for early detection and appropriate treatment of RA, role of classic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), role of biologic therapy, and drug safety surveillance. To reach consensus, a survey with questions relevant to the topic of interest was sent to all participants before the meeting. During a 2 day meeting, the answers of the survey were reviewed and discussed by each group, with final recommendations on action items. Results: The specific topic of the survey was answered by 86% of the participants and 68% of them answered the entire survey. It was agreed that RA and rheumatic diseases which are currently not but should be public health priorities in Latin America, because of their prevalence and impact on quality of life. Conclusions: Strategic areas identified as priorities for our region included: early diagnosis and access to care by multidisciplinary teams, creation of databases to identify infections with the use of biologic agents in RA which are relevant to Latin America, and overall efforts to improve the care of RA patients in accordance with international standards. Implementation of educational programs aimed to improve self-management for patients with RA was also considered crucial. C1 [Pons-Estel, Bernardo A.] Hosp Prov Rosario, Serv Reumatol, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Massardo, Loreto] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Med, Dept Inmunol Clin & Reumatol, Santiago, Chile. [Suarez-Almazor, Maria E.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Cardiel, Mario H.] Hosp Gen Dr Miguel Silva, Unidad Invest Dr Mario Alvozouri Munoz, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Nava, Arnulfo] Univ Autonoma Guadalajara, Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, UMAE Hosp Especialidades CMNO, Unidad Invest Epidemiol Clin, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. [Levy, Roger A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Discipline Rheumatol, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Laurindo, Ieda] Univ Sao Paulo FMUSP, Hosp Clin, Fac Med, Serv Rheumatol,Dept Internal Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Soriano, Enrique R.] Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Serv Clin Med, Secc Reumatol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Soriano, Enrique R.] Fdn Dr Pedro M Catoggio Progreso Reumatol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Acevedo-Vazquez, Eduardo] Hosp Nacl Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Red Asistencial Almerana EsSalud, Serv Reumatol, Lima, Peru. [Millan, Alberto] Hosp Univ Caracas, Serv Reumatol, Ctr Nacl Enfermedades Reumat, Caracas, Venezuela. [Espinosa-Morales, Rolando] Inst Nacl Rehabil, Dept Reumatol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Galarza-Maldonado, Claudio] Hosp Monte Sinai, UNERA, Unidad Enfermedades Reumat & Autoinmunes, Cuenca, Ecuador. [Caballero-Uribe, Carlo V.] Hosp Univ Norte, Unidad Reumatol, Barranquilla, Colombia. RP Pons-Estel, BA, Hosp Prov Rosario, Serv Reumatol, Cordoba 2392,1 Piso, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. EM baponsestel@buenaventuraguarani.com.ar CR *BIOBADAMERICA, REG PAN AC ADV TER B *GRUP EST ARTR REU, 2008, REV ARGENT REUMATOL, V19, P5 *MIN SAL, SIST NOT VIG SAN NOT *MIN SAL, 2007, GUIA CLIN ARTR REUM, P1 *OPS, 2002, PUBL CIENT TECN NUM, V587 *SCOTT INT GUID NE, 2009, MAN EARL RHEUM ARTHR ARNETT FC, 1987, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V31, P315 BERTHETRAMBAUD P, 2007, COLD REG SCI TECHNOL, V47, P16, DOI 10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.08.004 BOERS M, 1997, LANCET, V350, P309 BROOK A, 1977, ANN RHEUM D, V36, P71 BROWN N, 2006, J PUBLIC HEALTH, V28, P238, DOI 10.1093/pubmed/fdl015 CAMPBELL SM, 2003, BRIT MED J, V326, P816 CARDIEL MH, 2006, RHEUMATOLOGY S2, V45, P7 CISTERNAS M, 2002, J RHEUMATOL, V29, P1619 COMBE B, 2007, ANN RHEUM DIS, V66, P34, DOI 10.1136/ard.2005.044354 COOPER NJ, 2000, RHEUMATOLOGY, V39, P28 DROSSAERSBAKKER KW, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P1854 EMERY P, 1995, BRIT J RHEUMATOL S2, V34, P87 FUCHS HA, 1989, J RHEUMATOL, V16, P585 GAGLIARDI AR, 2005, CAN J SURG, V48, P441 GENOVESE MC, 2002, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V46, P1443 GOEKOOPRUITERMAN YPM, 2005, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V52, P3381, DOI 10.1002/art.21405 GRAUDAL NA, 1998, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V41, P1470 HARRISON MJ, 2008, RHEUMATOLOGY, V47, P1065, DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/ken099 HOCHBERG MC, 1991, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V35, P498 HOLMAN HR, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P1371 JANTTI J, 1999, RHEUMATOLOGY, V38, P1138 KIRWAN JR, 1999, J RHEUMATOL, V26, P720 KLIKSBERG B, 2000, REV PANAM SALUD PUBL, V8, P105 KOBELT G, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P347 KWOH CK, 2002, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V46, P328 LORIG KR, 1993, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V36, P439 MACHOLD KP, 1998, J RHEUMATOL S, V53, P13 MARQUES J, 1993, RES BRAS REUMATOL, V35, P169 MASSARDO L, 1995, SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU, V25, P203 MOTTONEN T, 1999, LANCET, V353, P1568 ODELL JR, 2002, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V46, P283 PINCUS T, 1994, SCAND J RHEUMAT S100, V23, P21 PONSESTEL B, 2005, REUMATOLOGIA, V21, P165 PREVOO MLL, 1995, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V38, P44 PUGNER KM, 2000, SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU, V29, P305 QUINN MA, 2003, CLIN EXP RHEUMAT S31, V21, S154 SCOTT DL, 2000, RHEUMATOLOGY S1, V39, P24 SPINDLER A, 2002, J RHEUMATOL, V29, P1166 SUPERIOCABUSLAY E, 1996, ARTHRIT CARE RES, V9, P292 SYMMONS DPM, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P1072 SZEKANECZ Z, 2007, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V1108, P349, DOI 10.1196/annals.1422.036 WOLFE F, 1996, J RHEUMATOL S, V44, P13 WOLFE F, 1998, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V41, P1072 YOUNG A, 2000, ANN RHEUM DIS, V59, P794 YOUNG A, 2000, RHEUMATOLOGY, V39, P603 NR 51 TC 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.1097/RHU.0b013e3181a90cd8 PG 8 SC Rheumatology GA 455CY UT ISI:000266735700013 ER PT J AU Chavez-Aviles, M Diaz-Perez, AL Reyes-de la Cruz, H Campos-Garcia, J AF Chavez-Aviles, Mauricio Laura Diaz-Perez, Alma Reyes-de la Cruz, Homero Campos-Garcia, Jesus TI The Pseudomonas aeruginosa liuE gene encodes the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A lyase, involved in leucine and acyclic terpene catabolism SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase; leucine catabolism; acyclic terpenes ID GERANYL-COA CARBOXYLASES; AMINO-ACID CATABOLISM; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; DEFICIENCY; MEVALONII; LEUCINE/ISOVALERATE; IDENTIFICATION; SPECIFICITY; PROTEINS AB The enzymes involved in the catabolism of leucine are encoded by the liu gene cluster in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. A mutant in the liuE gene (ORF PA2011) of P. aeruginosa was unable to utilize both leucine/isovalerate and acyclic terpenes as the carbon source. The liuE mutant grown in culture medium with citronellol accumulated metabolites of the acyclic terpene pathway, suggesting an involvement of liuE in both leucine/isovalerate and acyclic terpene catabolic pathways. The LiuE protein was expressed as a His-tagged recombinant polypeptide purified by affinity chromatography in Escherichia coli. LiuE showed a mass of 33 kDa under denaturing and 79 kDa under nondenaturing conditions. Protein sequence alignment and fingerprint sequencing suggested that liuE encodes 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase (HMG-CoA lyase), which catalyzes the cleavage of HMG-CoA to acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate. LiuE showed HMG-CoA lyase optimal activity at a pH of 7.0 and 37 degrees C, an apparent K-m of 100 mu M for HMG-CoA and a V-max of 21 mu mol min(-1) mg(-1). These results demonstrate that the liuE gene of P. aeruginosa encodes for the HMG-CoA lyase, an essential enzyme for growth in both leucine and acyclic terpenes. C1 [Chavez-Aviles, Mauricio; Laura Diaz-Perez, Alma; Reyes-de la Cruz, Homero; Campos-Garcia, Jesus] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quimicobiol, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Campos-Garcia, J, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quimicobiol, Edif B-3,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jcgarcia@umich.mx FU CONACYT [P-46547-Z]; COECyT [CB070229-2] FX We thank the Pseudomonas Genome Community Annotation Project for use of the updated database and C. Cervantes for helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank L. Aguilera and I. Boldogh (Department of Microbiology and Immunology of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX) for peptide sequencing. This research was funded by grants CONACYT (P-46547-Z), C.I.C.-UMSNH (2.14) and COECyT (CB070229-2). M.C.-A. was supported by a fellowship from CONACYT. 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Lett. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 296 IS 1 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01624.x PG 7 SC Microbiology GA 453GB UT ISI:000266597300018 ER PT J AU Zamudio, S Olvera, M AF Zamudio, Sergio Olvera, Martha TI A new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Guerrero, Mexico SO BRITTONIA LA English DT Article DE Guerrero; Mexico; Lentibulariaceae; Utricularia section Psyllosperma AB Utricularia regia is described and illustrated. It occurs in the Sierra Madre del Sur region of Guerrero, Mexico, and belongs to section Psyllosperma; a key to differentiate the species of sect. Psyllosperma is included. The new species is similar to Utricularia hintonii and U. petersoniae, from which it differs in the unusual division of the upper lip of the corolla into four lobes and its peculiar coloration pattern. A table comparing the differences among these three species is presented. Utricularia regia adds a new, narrowly endemic species to the flora of Guerrero, Mexico. C1 [Zamudio, Sergio] Inst Ecol AC, Ctr Reg Bajio, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. [Olvera, Martha] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Bot, Inst Biol, Delegacion Coyoacan 04510, Mexico. RP Zamudio, S, Inst Ecol AC, Ctr Reg Bajio, Apartado Postal 386, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. EM sergio.zamudio@inecol.edu.mx mvolvera@ibiologia.unam.mx FU Instituto de Ecolog a A.C [902-06]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a (CONACYT) ; Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) ; Comite Tecnico de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica (PAPIIT), UNAM, Mexico [IN223705-2] FX We thank Lucio Lozada and Ricardo de Santiago for generously allowing us to use their specimens of Utricularia and their photographs of the new species, Jerzy Rzedowski for critically reviewing the manuscript and preparing the Latin description, Victor Steinmann for the English translation, Rogelio Cardenas for the drawing, and Berenit Mendoza for the SEM photographs. Financial support was provided by the Instituto de Ecolog a A.C. (account 902-06), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a (CONACYT), Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO), and Comite Tecnico de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica (PAPIIT), UNAM, Mexico (clave IN223705-2). CR MULLER K, 2005, PLANT SYST EVOL, V250, P39, DOI 10.1007/s00606-004-0224-1 OLVERA M, 1996, SERIE BOT, V67, P347 OLVERA M, 1997, SERIE BOT, V68, P43 TAYLOR P, 1989, KEW B ADDITIONAL SER, V14, P1 TAYLOR RS, 1986, APPL PHYS B-PHOTO, V41, P1 NR 5 TC 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-196X J9 BRITTONIA JI Brittonia PD JUN PY 2009 VL 61 IS 2 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1007/s12228-008-9063-7 PG 7 SC Plant Sciences GA 453XO UT ISI:000266646400004 ER PT J AU Barrera-Bassols, N Zinck, JA van Ranst, E AF Barrera-Bassols, N. Zinck, J. A. van Ranst, E. TI Participatory soil survey: experience in working with a Mesoamerican indigenous community SO SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ethnopedology; participatory soil survey; ethnographic techniques; ethnopedologic techniques; participatory soil maps; Mexico ID SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA; LOCAL KNOWLEDGE; LAND-USE; CLASSIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; ETHNOPEDOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTS; INDICATORS; RESOURCES; FARMERS AB In traditional rural societies that still represent the majority of small farmers worldwide, the use of conventional soil survey information frequently fails because it does not take into account or underestimates soil knowledge and experience of local people. Innovative approaches have been proposed to utilize the soil knowledge of rural communities through the participation of local farmers. This paper reports experience of participatory soil survey in the Purhepecha community of San Francisco Pichataro in the volcanic highlands of central Mexico. Ethnographic and ethnopedologic techniques were applied to acquire soil and land data. Local soil knowledge was incorporated through plenary workshops designed to produce a participatory soil map based on a Purhepecha soil classification. This soil map reflects farmers' soil-landscape understanding and correlates fairly well with a scientific soil map of the same area because in both approaches terrain plays a key role in the delineation of soil units. Participatory soil mapping promoted cooperation between local and external participants and formed the basis for an agreed land-use plan. C1 [Barrera-Bassols, N.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Zinck, J. A.] Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, Enschede, Netherlands. [van Ranst, E.] Univ Ghent, Dept Geol & Soil Sci WE13, Lab Soil Sci, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Barrera-Bassols, N, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Campus Morelia,Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM barrera@ciga.unam.mx FU International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) in the Netherlands ; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), in Mexico ; PAPIIT [IN 306806] FX The authors thank comments and thoughtful insights made by two anonymous reviewers. We also acknowledge the support given by the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) in the Netherlands and the Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental (CIGA) of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), in Mexico. The first author acknowledges the financial support given by PAPIIT (IN 306806) and thanks Pedro S. Urquijo for his technical support. This paper would not have been possible without the support of the authorities and farmers from San Francisco, Pichataro. 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PD MAR PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00192.x PG 14 SC Soil Science GA 450LA UT ISI:000266400800006 ER PT C AU Lemus-Ruiz, J Bedolla-Becerril, E Flores-Lopez, JG AF Lemus-Ruiz, J. Bedolla-Becerril, E. Flores-Lopez, J. G. TI Joining and characterizations of silicon nitride (Si3N4) to titanium (Ti) using a Cu-foil and Cu-Zn braze alloy SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Ceramics; silicon nitride; interfaces; titanium; bend strength ID MECHANICAL STRENGTH; STAINLESS-STEEL; METAL; INTERLAYER; CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE; INTERFACES; ALUMINA; JOINTS; STATE AB Si3N4/Ti/Si3N4 and Si3N4/Cu/Ti/Cu/Si3N4 combinations were joined at temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1500 degrees C and from 950 to 1100 degrees C, respectively, using different holding times. The results show that successful joining of Si3N4 to Ti occurred at the different joining temperatures by the formation of a reactive zone on the metal side with the presence of Ti5Si3, TiSi and TiN at the Si3N4/Ti/Si3N4 joint interface. Successful bonding was observed at temperature of 980 degrees C on Si3N4/Cu/Ti/Cu/Si3N4 sample combination. Joining occurred by the formation of a reactive interface with several reaction products on the metal side of the joint. Four-point bending testing gave a maximum average joint strength of 147 MPa and 139 MPa for Si3N4/Ti/Si3N4 and Si3N4/Cu/Ti/Cu/Si3N4 samples, respectively. C1 [Lemus-Ruiz, J.; Bedolla-Becerril, E.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Flores-Lopez, J. G.] Ctr Invest & Desarrollo Tecnol Electroquim SC, Pedro Escobedo 76703, Queretaro, Mexico. RP Lemus-Ruiz, J, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Edif U,CU,Apartado Postal 888, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jlruiz@zeus.umich.mx CR ABED A, 2001, J EUR CERAM SOC, V21, P2803 ANDERSON MR, 1989, ADV MAT P, V3, P31 CARIM AH, 1997, MATER LETT, V33, P195 FLORES JG, 2006, MATER SCI FORUM, V509, P99 HEIKINHEIMO E, 1997, J EUR CERAM SOC, V17, P25 JADOON AK, 2004, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V152, P257, DOI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.10.005 JANICKOVIC D, 2001, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V304, P569 LEMUS J, 2000, BRIT CERAM T, V99, P200 LEMUS J, 2003, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V352, P169 LOCATELLI MR, 1997, CERAM INT, V23, P313 MARKS RA, 2000, ACTA MATER, V48, P4425 MARTINELLI AE, 1999, J EUR CERAM SOC, V19, P2173 MURRAY JL, 1992, PHASE DIAGRAMS BINAR OKAMOTO T, 1990, ISIJ INT, V30, P1033 OSENDI MI, 2001, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V308, P53 POLANCO R, 2004, APPL SURF SCI, V238, P506, DOI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.05.290 RICHERSON DW, 1992, MODERN CERAMIC ENG TINSLEY ND, 1998, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V13, P491 TOMSIA AP, 1993, J PHYS IV 2, V3, P1317 WANG LW, 2002, MATER LETT, V54, P93 YIH P, 1996, J MATER SCI, V31, P399 NR 21 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 25 EP 29 PG 5 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400007 ER PT C AU Curiel, FF Garcia, R Lopez, VH AF Curiel, F. F. Garcia, R. Lopez, V. H. TI An alternative to increase the mechanical strength of 6061-T6 GMA weldments SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Overaging; GMA welding; Al-6061 aluminum alloy, partial heat treatment ID MG-SI ALLOYS AB Fusion welding of heat treatable aluminum alloys leads to a significant loss of strength in the heat affected zone (HAZ) due to overaging. This work was aimed to improve the mechanical properties of Al-6061 welds. Plates of 6 mm in thickness were solutionised at 530 degrees C for I h followed by water quenching and aging at 160 degrees C for times between 13 to 19 hours. Welding was performed with the gas metal arc welding process (GMAW). Transverse microhardness indentations and mechanical testing were performed to characterize the overaged zone and mechanical strength of the as-welded joints. It was found that samples partially aged for 16 h exhibited an increase of 30% in hardness values in the overaged zone and accordingly its mechanical strength also increased with respect to the Al-6061-T6 (21 h aging time) as welded plates. Although failure of the welds with the partially aged plates occurred in the HAZ, the larger strength of the 16 hours aged samples suggests that the heat input of the welding process reactivated the precipitation sequence in the base material and the degree of overaging was reduced. C1 [Curiel, F. F.; Garcia, R.; Lopez, V. H.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Curiel, FF, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Apartado Postal 888, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM franciscocl7@yahoo.com.mx CR *AM SOC MET, 1991, HEAT TREAT HDB, P2173 *AM SOC MET, 1991, MET MICR HDB, P2733 *ASTM INT, 2002, B557M ASTM INT, P15 BRIEN RL, 1996, MANUAL SOLDADURA, P327 CICALA GDE, 2005, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, P9 DAVIES GJ, 1975, INT MET REV, V20, P83 EDWARDS GA, 1998, ACTA MATER, V46, P3893 HATCH JE, 1993, ALUMINUM PROPERTIES, P424 KOU S, 2003, WELDING METALLURGY, P170 MALIN V, 1995, WELD J, V74, S305 MYHR OR, 2004, ACTA MATER, V52, P4997, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.002 NR 11 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 39 EP 43 PG 5 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400010 ER PT C AU Alfonso, I Gonzalez, G Maldonado, C Medina, A Bejar, L AF Alfonso, I. Gonzalez, G. Maldonado, C. Medina, A. Bejar, L. TI Nanostructure and grain size characterization in Al84Si6Cu3Mg7 ribbons and ingots SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Melt-spun; aluminum alloys; magnesium; nanostructure; superstructure ID FCC-AL PARTICLES; AGING BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS; MG; MN; FE AB An Al84Si6Cu3Mg7 alloy was produced by melt-spun and conventional casting and characterized using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and microhardness techniques. Meltspun minimizes second phase formation and increases the alloying content in solid solution. Q phase (Al5Cu2Mg8Si6;) nanocrystallites (5 nm) were observed for melt-spun alloys. The high alloying content in solid solution and the small alpha-Al grain size (300 nm) for ribbons lead to a hardness improvement of about 2.4 times greater than that of conventionally cast alloys. C1 [Alfonso, I.; Gonzalez, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Maldonado, C.; Medina, A.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Bejar, L.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Alfonso, I, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Circuito Exterior,Cd Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM ialfonso@iim.unam.mx CR ALFONSO I, 2006, ADV TECHNOLOGY MAT M, V8, P196 ALFONSO I, 2007, MATER CHARACT, V58, P509 BENTZON MD, 1989, PHILOS MAG B, V60, P169 CAYRON C, 2000, ACTA MATER, V48, P2639 CHAKRABARTI DJ, 1998, P 1998 TMS ANN M SAN, P27 DOM FJ, 1994, ALUMINIUM, V70, P577 INOUE A, 1992, MATER T JIM, V33, P669 KIM YH, 1991, MATER T JIM, V32, P599 KRAMER MJ, 2002, SCRIPTA MATER, V47, P557 LUTFI M, 2003, MATER LETT, V57, P296 NAKANO T, 1999, ACTA MATER, V47, P1091 OHTERA K, 1992, MATER T JIM, V33, P775 OUELLET P, 1999, J MATER SCI, V34, P4671 SAMUEL FH, 1995, J MATER SCI, V30, P2531 WANG Y, 2004, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V366, P17, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.055 WU XJ, 1995, PHYSICA C, V247, P102 NR 16 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 81 EP 84 PG 4 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400020 ER PT C AU Bejar-Gomez, L Medina-Flores, A Carreon, H Alfonso, I Bernal-Ponce, J Ascencio, JA AF Bejar-Gomez, L. Medina-Flores, A. Carreon, H. Alfonso, I. Bernal-Ponce, J. Ascencio, J. A. TI Production and characterization of niobium and titanium microalloyed steels SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Microalloyed steels; hot rolled; microstructure characteristic; mechanical testing ID ULTRAFINE FERRITE; GRAIN-REFINEMENT AB The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of two different low carbon microalloyed steels (Nb and Ti) produced by cast melting in an electric induction oven and submitted at then-no-mechanical controlled processing was investigated by optical and mechanical testing. Carbon content in both micro-alloyed steels was less than 0.08%, the fist one steel the content of Nb was 0.03% and the second one was 0.05% of Titanium. Steels were thermomechanically processed and reheated to 1250 degrees C and hot rolled on a laboratory mill at a starting temperature of 1180 degrees C and reduced by rolling from 65 mm to a 13 mm thick plate with a finish temperature of 950 degrees C. The low carbon micro-alloyed steel with 0.03% Nb presented 324 MPa of yield strength and 410 MPa of tensile strength whereas the micro-alloyed steel with 0.05% Ti showed 458 of yield strength and 512 MPa of tensile strength. Both steels presented fine grain of ferrite and perlite. C1 [Bejar-Gomez, L.; Medina-Flores, A.; Carreon, H.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Fac Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alfonso, I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Bernal-Ponce, J.] Univ Politecn Valle Mexico, Tultitlan 54910, Mexico. [Ascencio, J. A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62191, Morelos, Mexico. RP Bejar-Gomez, L, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Fac Ingn Mecan, Edificio U,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. CR ABE T, 1985, P HSLA, V85, P103 EDMONDS DV, 1990, METALL TRANS A, V21, P1527 EGHBALI B, 2006, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V180, P44, DOI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.04.018 GAO HY, 1995, STAT SCI RES REP, P39 HURLEY PJ, 1999, SCRIPTA MATER, V40, P443 HURLEY PJ, 2001, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V302, P206 KOSAZU I, 1975, MICROALLOYING, V75, P120 LEE S, 1995, METALL MATER TRANS A, V26, P1093 MEYER L, 1975, MICROALLOYING, V75, P153 MEYER L, 1985, P HSLA, V85, P29 NIIKURA M, 2001, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V117, P341 PICKERING FB, 1975, MICROALLOYING, V75, P9 PRIESTNER R, 2002, MATER SCI TECH-LOND, V18, P973, DOI 10.1179/026708302225004900 TANAKA T, 1981, INT MET REV, V264, P185 XUE XH, 2006, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V438, P285 ZHAO MC, 2002, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V335, P15 ZHAO MC, 2003, MATER LETT, V57, P1496, DOI 10.1016/S0167-577X(02)01013-3 NR 17 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 110 EP 113 PG 4 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400027 ER PT C AU Rosas, G Vargas, N Patino-Carachure, C Reyes-Gasga, J Perez, R AF Rosas, G. Vargas, N. Patino-Carachure, C. Reyes-Gasga, J. Perez, R. TI Structural Properties of TiC obtained by Mechano-synthesis SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Titanium carbide; mechanical alloying; microstructure; structure refinement; X-Ray diffraction ID COMPOSITES; POWDERS AB Mechanical alloying (MA) of the titanium carbide (TiC) compound from high purity elemental powders has been studied. The powders were mechanically milled in a vibratory ball mill at room temperature for different milling times from 8 to 20 h. The mechanical alloying experiments were conducted using two milling tools; tungsten carbide container and balls, and tungsten carbide (WC) container with hardened steel balls. The as-milled powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The use of WC container and balls contaminate the Ti+C mixture powders. However, the combined use of WC vials and hardened steel balls minimizing the powders contamination. Rietveld refinement revealed that the cubic carbide phase presents C vacancies. Therefore, the TiC phase obtained by MA process is not a stoichiometric phase. XRD and HREM observations indicate a heavy deformation in the TiC structure as a consequence of high-energy ball-milling. C1 [Rosas, G.; Vargas, N.; Patino-Carachure, C.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Reyes-Gasga, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico. [Perez, R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico. RP Rosas, G, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Edificio U,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM grtrejo@jupiter.umich.mx CR AYERS JD, 1979, LASER APPL MAT PROCE, P57 BAISMAN AF, 1988, 8873 BUDK I NUCL PHY BENJAMIN JS, 1970, DISPERSION STRENGTHE, V10, P2943 BENJAMIN JS, 1974, METALL T, V8 CHERNIKOVA ES, 1998, POWDER METALL MET C+, V37, P5 DAS K, 2002, J MATER SCI, V37, P3881 ELESKANDARANY MS, 2000, J ALLOY COMPD, V305, P225 FASASI AY, 1994, J MATER SCI, V29, P5121 KOCH CC, 1989, ANNU REV MATER SCI, V19, P121 LASALVIA JC, 1995, METALL MATER TRANS A, V26, P3001 MCCOLM IJ, 1986, HIGH PERFORMANCE CER, P60 MENDOZA D, 2006, REV MEX FIS, V52, P1 ROISNEL T, 2008, SOFTWARE FULLPRO APR SHERIF M, 2001, MECH ALLOYING FABRIC, P6 SURYANARAYANA C, 2001, PROG MATER SCI, V46, P1 TANY KE, 1997, MODEL SIMUL MATER SC, V5, P187 TERRY BS, 1991, J MATER SCI LETT, V10, P628 YAMADA O, 1987, J AM CERAM SOC, V70, P206 ZHANG S, 1993, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, P141 NR 19 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 114 EP 117 PG 4 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400028 ER PT C AU Contreras, ME Orozco, H Medina-Flores, A Espitia, I AF Contreras, M. E. Orozco, H. Medina-Flores, A. Espitia, I. TI Structural analysis of ytria partially stabilized zirconia SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE HRTEM; YSZ; nanoparticles; clusters AB In this work, electrophoretic deposition of ZrO2-8Y(2)O(3) (YSZ) film was carried out on AISI 304 Stainless steel substrates. The obtained films were isothermally-treated at 700 degrees C for 2h and cooled. The samples were analyzed in a FEG-TEM PHILIPS TECNAI F20, which has an information limit of 0.2 nm working at 200 Kv. The results obtained showed small precipitates of YSZ of 5 and 8 nm of size. On the deposited film the formation of the tetragonal and cubic phases of YSZ only were obtained and the monoclinic phase was not observed. C1 [Contreras, M. E.; Orozco, H.; Medina-Flores, A.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Espitia, I.] UMSNH, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Contreras, ME, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Edificio U,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. CR DE D, 1999, J AM CERAM SOC, V82, P3031 DELGADOARELLANO VG, 2004, MATER CHARACT, V52, P179, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.01.007 LEE SH, 1997, J KOREAN I MET MAT, V35, P1744 MOON J, 2002, SURF COAT TECH, V155, P1 NR 4 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 127 EP 129 PG 3 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400031 ER PT C AU Maldonado, C Medina-Flores, A Bejar-Gomez, L Ruiz, A Alfonso, I Ascencio, JA AF Maldonado, C. Medina-Flores, A. Bejar-Gomez, L. Ruiz, A. Alfonso, I. Ascencio, J. A. TI Intermetallic formation in dissimilar friction welds with a silver interlayer SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper DE Intermetallics; friction welding; 304 stainless steel; silver nanoparticles; transmission electron microscopy ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; MG-SI ALLOYS; PROCESS MODEL; JOINTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALUMINUM; FLOW AB The present work investigates the formation of an intermetallic during friction welding of two dissimilar joints one made of aluminum alloy 6061(T6) metal matrix composite (MMC) and AISI 304 stainless steel and the other one made of MMC, AISI 304 stainless steel and a silver interlayer. The microstructures of the friction welded samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show the formation of brittle FeAl and Fe2Al5 intermetallics on dissimilar MMC/AISI 304 stainless steel friction welds. In the case of dissimilar MMC/Ag/AISI 304 stainless steel friction welds, circular silver nanoparticles with dimensions ranging from 10 to 20 nm and Ag3Al intermetallic were obtained. C1 [Maldonado, C.; Medina-Flores, A.; Bejar-Gomez, L.; Ruiz, A.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alfonso, I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ascencio, J. A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. RP Maldonado, C, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Edificio U,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ariosto@jupiter.umich.mx CR BENDZSAK GJ, 1997, ACTA MATER, V45, P1735 CALDERON PD, 1985, WELD J, V64, P104 DUFFIN FD, 1976, METAL CONSTRUCTION, V1, P267 ELLIOT S, 1981, METAL CONSTR, V13, P221 ELLIOT S, 1981, METAL CONSTRUCTION, V13, P67 FUJI A, 1995, MATER SCI RES INT, V1, P188 FUKUMOTO S, 1997, MATER SCI TECH SER, V13, P679 MALDONADO C, 1998, SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI, V3, P213 MIDLING OT, 1994, ACTA METALL MATER, V42, P1595 MIDLING OT, 1994, ACTA METALL MATER, V42, P1611 NORTH TH, 1997, METALL MATER TRANS A, V28, P2371 PAN C, 1996, J MATER SCI, V31, P3667 RIGNEY DA, 1984, WEAR, V100, P195 NR 13 TC 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 SU Suppl. S BP 130 EP 134 PG 5 SC Physics, Multidisciplinary GA 449JI UT ISI:000266326400032 ER PT J AU Ponce-Saavedra, J Francke, OF Cano-Camacho, H Hernandez-Calderon, E AF Ponce-Saavedra, Javier Francke, Oscar F. Cano-Camacho, Horacio Hernandez-Calderon, Erasto TI Morphological and molecular evidence supporting specific status for Centruroides tecomanus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA Spanish DT Article DE scorpions; taxonomy; specific rank; Centruroides limpidus; subspecies ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT AB Morphological and molecular evidence are provided to recognize Centruroides limpidus tecomanus Hoffmann (Scorpiones: Buthidae), as a valid species rather than a subspecies of Centruroicles limpidus (Karsch). A diagnosis is provided. C1 [Francke, Oscar F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ponce-Saavedra, Javier; Hernandez-Calderon, Erasto] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Entomol Biol Socrates Cisneros Paz, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. [Cano-Camacho, Horacio] Univ Michoacana, CMEB, Adm Chapultepec, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Francke, OF, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Apartado Postal 70-153, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM offb@ibiologia.unam.mx CR *SAS I, 2005, JMP STAT DISC VERS 6 BEUTELSPACHER BCR, 2000, CATALOGO ALACRANES M BROWN CA, 2001, SCORPIONS 2001, P307 BROWN CA, 2002, SOUTHWEST NAT, V47, P409 CONTRERASGARDUNO J, 2006, ETHOLOGY, V112, P152 CORDOVAATHANASI.M, 2005, THESIS U AUTONOMA ES DEARMAS LF, 1998, ANALES ESCUELA NACL, V43, P45 DEARMAS LF, 2003, REV IBERICA ARACNOLO, V8, P93 FET V, 2000, CATALOG SCORPIONS WO FRANCKE OF, LISTAS ES A IN PRESS GANTENBEIN B, 1999, BIOGEOGRAPHICA PARIS, V75, P49 GANTENBEIN B, 2000, REV SUISSE ZOOL, V107, P843 GANTENBEIN B, 2001, SCORPIONS 2001 MEMOR, P235 GAUCH HG, 1982, MULTIVARIATE ANAL CO GONZALEZSANTILL.E, 2001, THESIS U NACL AUTONO GONZALEZSANTILL.E, 2007, ESCORPIONES MEXICO GOTELLI NJ, 2004, PRIMER ECOLOGICAL ST HERNANDEZ CE, 2002, THESIS U MICHOACANA HOFFMANN CC, 1932, ANN I BIOL, V3, P243 JAIMES A, 2007, THESIS U AUTONOMA ES JEANMOUGIN F, 1998, TRENDS BIOCHEM SCI, V23, P403 KOVARSKY AP, 1998, MRS INTERNET J N S R, V3, P1 KUMAR S, 2004, BRIEF BIOINFORM, V5, P150 LLORENTEBOUSQUE.J, 1996, BIODIVERSIDAD TAXONO, V1, P3 LOURENCO WR, 2000, BIODIVERSIDAD TAXONO, V2, P115 MAGURRAN AE, 1988, ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY MANLY BFJ, 1998, MULTIVARIATE STAT ME MIRANDA LEP, 2001, MEM 36 C NAC ENT SOC, E32 MIRANDA LEP, 2001, THESIS U MICHOACANA MORENO BRJ, 1998, MEM 33 C NAC ENT SOC, P440 NEI M, 2000, MOL EVOLUTION PHYLOG POLIS GA, 1990, BIOL SCORPIONS, P161 POLIS GA, 1990, BIOL SCORPIONS, P247 PONCE SJ, 2001, ALACRANES MICHOACAN PONCE SJ, 2003, BIOL REV FACULTAD BI, V5, P64 PONCE SJ, 2003, ENTOMOLOGIA MEXICANA, V2, P30 PONCE SJ, 2003, THESIS U AUTONOMA QU PONCE SJ, 2004, ACTA ZOOLOGICA MEXIC, V20, P221 PONCE SJ, 2005, REV FACULTAD BIOL U, V7, P42 REIN JO, 2006, SCORPION FILES SIMPSON J, 1997, B SOCIEDAD BOT MEXIC, V60, P73 TOWLER WI, 2001, BIOGEOGRAPHICA, V77, P157 VIDALACOSTA V, REV MEXICAN IN PRESS YAMASHITA T, 2004, EUSCORPIUS, V17, P25 NR 44 TC 0 PU INST BIOLOGIA, UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO PI MEXICO PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-233, MEXICO, D F 00000, MEXICO SN 1870-3453 J9 REV MEX BIODIVERS JI Rev. Mex. Biodivers. PD APR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 71 EP 84 PG 14 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 449WN UT ISI:000266361300010 ER PT J AU Chavez-Leon, G Rivera, SZ AF Chavez-Leon, Gilberto Zaragoza Rivera, Sergio TI Mammal richness from Barranca del Cupatitzio National Park, Michoacan, Mexico SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA Spanish DT Article DE distribution; endemism; conservation status; priority species AB In this paper we present field information on mammal richness from Barranca del Cupatitzio National Park, Michoacan, Mexico, recorded from April 2003 to October 2004, by means of specimen collection, visual detection, photo trapping and search of remains, signs and tracks. The area is covered mainly by closed canopy conifer forests. The mammal richness of this park was 43 species belonging to 8 orders, 16 families and 31 genera. The non-parametric ACE estimator indicated that 77% of all possible species were recorded and at least 13 more species can be potentially found. From all species recorded, 25.6% were flying mammals and 74.4% were non-flying. The distribution of species shows that 7 mammals (16.3%) arc endemic to Mexico, 5 (11.6%) are endemic to Meso America, 10 (23.3%) are shared with North America, 7 (16.3%) with South America, 13 (30.2%) with North and South America, and I is exotic (2.3%). Considering their biogeographic affinities, 22 species (52.4%) are Neartic, 16 (38.1%) are Neotropical and 4 (9.5%) are transitional. Two species (4.7%) are considered at risk by Mexican regulations: I in danger of extinction (Leopardus wiedii) and I as threatened (Crateogomys fumosus). Applying risk, endemism and distribution criteria, we identified 8 mammals as priority species for conservation in the park. This national park protects more than a quarter of the mammal species from Michoacan and is a critical area for their conservation, nevertheless its small surface and urban encroachment. C1 [Chavez-Leon, Gilberto] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Uruapan 60150, Michoacan, Mexico. [Zaragoza Rivera, Sergio] Fracc Cosmos, Galaxias 303, Morelia 58011, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Chavez-Leon, G, Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Av Latinoamer 1101, Uruapan 60150, Michoacan, Mexico. EM chavez.josegilberto@inifab.gob.mx CR *CONABIO, 2003, SIST INF BIOT VERS 4 *INEGI, 2006, 2 CONT NAC POBL VIV *SEMARNAT, 2002, NORM OF MEX NOM059SE, P95 *UICN, 2001, CATEGORIAS CRITERIOS *UNEP, 2005, CITES HDB MAN GUID APATIGA C, 2003, CLAVES IDENTIFICACIO ARANDA M, 2000, HUELLAS OTROS RASTRO BELLO G, 1996, ESTUDIO FLORISTICO C, V2 BIBBY CJ, 1992, PUTTING BIODIVERSITY BURT HW, 1961, OCCASIONAL PAPERS MU, V620, P1 CAFARO P, 2001, ENCY LIFE SCI, P1 CEBALLOS G, 1998, ECOL APPL, V8, P8 CEBALLOS G, 2002, OCCASIONAL PAPERS MU, V218, P1 CEBALLOS G, 2005, REV MEXICANA MASTOZO, V9, P27 CERVANTES FA, 1993, MAMMALIAN SPECIES, V443, P1 CHAO A, 2004, ENCY STAT SCI, P1 CHAVEZLEON G, 2005, REV MEXICANA MASTOZO, V9, P122 CHAZDON RL, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P285 COLWELL RK, 2006, ESTIMATES STAT ESTIM ESCALANTE E, 2004, REV ELEMENTOS, V50, P53 ESCALANTE T, 2005, REV MEX BIODIV, V76, P199 FA JE, 1993, BIOL DIVERSITY MEXIC, P281 GARCIA E, 1981, MODIFICACIONES SISTE GENTRY A, 2003, B ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCL, V60, P81 GOMEZTAGLE R, 1985, THESIS UNAM MEXICO HALL ER, 1962, MISCELLANEOUS PUBLIC, V30, P1 HALL ER, 1981, MAMMALS N AM, V1 HALL ER, 1981, MAMMALS N AM, V2 JANZEN DH, 1997, BIODIVERSITY, V2, P411 MCGARIGAL K, 1995, PNWGTR351 USDA FOR S MORRONE JJ, 2005, REV MEX BIODIVERS, V76, P207 NUNEZ G, 2002, MAMIFEROS ORDEN CARN NUNEZ G, 2003, BIOLOGICAS, V5, P30 NUNEZ G, 2005, BIODIVERSIDAD MICHOA, P104 NUNEZ GA, 1990, ROEDORES MICHOACANOS ORDUNA T, 1993, 7 CTR INV PAC CTR I ORDUNA T, 1993, B DIVULGATIVO, V78 RAMIREZPULIDO J, 2005, ACTA ZOOLOGICA MEXIC, V21, P21 ROMEROALMARAZ ML, 2000, MAMIFEROS PEQUENOS M RZEDOWSKI J, 1978, VEGETACION MEXICO TORRES A, 2003, ENSENANZAS SAN JUAN, P277 VARGAS M, 1997, PARQUES NACL MEXICO VILLA RB, 2003, MAMIFEROS MEXICO WILSON DE, 2005, MAMMAL SPECIES WORLD ZARAGOZA RSE, 2006, THESIS U MICHOACANA NR 45 TC 0 PU INST BIOLOGIA, UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO PI MEXICO PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-233, MEXICO, D F 00000, MEXICO SN 1870-3453 J9 REV MEX BIODIVERS JI Rev. Mex. Biodivers. PD APR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 95 EP 104 PG 10 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 449WN UT ISI:000266361300012 ER PT J AU Martinez-Cruz, J Valdes, OT Ibarra-Manriquez, G AF Martinez-Cruz, Juan Tellez Valdes, Oswaldo Ibarra-Manriquez, Guillermo TI Oak forest structure in the Sierra de Santa Rosa range, Guanajuato, Mexico SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA Spanish DT Article DE alfa diversity; beta-diversity; point centered quarter method; Quercus forest; rarefaction ID DIVERSITY AB The structure of 4 oak associations in the western part of the Sierra de Santa Rosa range in Guanajuato state is described. Oak associations were sampled using the point centered quarter method (21 sites). We censused 2 320 individuals of trees and shrubs belonging to 36 species, in 22 genera and 15 families. Observed species richness (29) was highest in the Quercus potosina-Q. castanea association (QPC) but tree density was the lowest (650 individuals/ha). Meanwhile, the Q. laurina-Q. rugosa association (QLR) had the least number of observed species (12), but the maximum shrub density (5 593 individual/ha). The Fisher index for alpha diversity and the rarefaction analysis confirmed the QPC as the most diverse association. On the other hand, the Q. potosina-Q. eduardii association (QPE) had the highest value of equitability among the oak-forest associations analyzed. Based on the Simpson (presence-absent) and Sorensen abundance index values, we find that beta diversity is high across the Q. coccolobifolia and QLR associations and also the QLR-QPE ones. Due to the high degree of disturbance within these forests, mostly of anthropogenic origin, the heterogeneity in oak associations as well as their structure and diversity ought to be considered in future conservation and restoration management plans. C1 [Martinez-Cruz, Juan; Ibarra-Manriquez, Guillermo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Tellez Valdes, Oswaldo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Unidad Biol Tecnol & Prototipos, Fac Estudios Super Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado Mexico, Mexico. RP Martinez-Cruz, J, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701 Col Ex Hacienda, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Mex. Biodivers. PD APR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 145 EP 156 PG 12 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 449WN UT ISI:000266361300017 ER PT J AU Solorzano, S Garcia-Juarez, M Oyama, K AF Solorzano, Sofia Garcia-Juarez, Mara Oyama, Ken TI Genetic diversity and conservation of the Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno in Mesoamerica SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA English DT Article DE conservation priority units; Pharomachrus mocinno; quetzal; RAPD markers; threatened species ID AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; RAPDS; TARGETS; FOREST; UNITS; BIODIVERSITY; VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; MARKERS AB In this study, we analyzed the genetic variation of quetzals (Pharomachrus mocinno) throughout their geographic distribution to determine conservation targets. This species is found in patchy isolated Cloud forests from Mexico to Panama. A multidimensional scaling and UPGMA analysis of a 286 RAPD fragment set resolved 3 genetic groups: Cluster I (Mexican localities), cluster 2 (Guatemala, Nicaragua and El Salvador) and Cluster 3 (Panama). The mean genetic diversity estimated by the Shannon index was 0.38, 0.22 and 0.32, for clusters 1, 2, and 3. respectively. The genetic differentiation among clusters was statistically significant. The highest percentage of genetic variation (70.86%) was found within populations using an AMOVA analysis. Our results suggest that Within the quetzal species, there are 3 genetic groups that should be considered as independent conservation targets and included in a global Mesoamerican conservation program. C1 [Solorzano, Sofia] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, FES Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado Mexico, Mexico. [Garcia-Juarez, Mara; Oyama, Ken] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Solorzano, S, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, FES Iztacala, Avenida Barrios 1, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado Mexico, Mexico. 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Mex. Biodivers. PD APR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 241 EP 248 PG 8 SC Biodiversity Conservation GA 449WN UT ISI:000266361300026 ER PT J AU Egorochkin, AN Kuznetsova, OV Khamaletdinova, NM Domratcheva-Lvova, LG Domrachev, GA AF Egorochkin, A. N. Kuznetsova, O. V. Khamaletdinova, N. M. Domratcheva-Lvova, L. G. Domrachev, G. A. TI X-ray photoelectron spectra of organoelement compounds and polarizability effect SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE Radical ions; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Linear free energy relationships; Substituent effects ID ELECTRON-BINDING-ENERGIES; ESCA INVESTIGATIONS; RADICAL CATIONS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; COMPLEXES; SPECTROSCOPY; DERIVATIVES; SILATRANES; POTENTIALS; PARAMETERS AB The literature data on substituent influence on the core-electron binding energies E for K, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, P, Mo, Mn, Co, and Pt central atoms obtained mainly from X-ray photoelectron spectra have been analyzed for 22 series of the organoelement compounds. It was established for the first time that the E values depend not only on the inductive and resonance effects but also on the polarizability of substituents. The polarizability effect is caused by an electrostatic attraction between the positive charge on the central atom and the dipole moments induced by this charge in the substituents. The prolarizability contribution ranges from 2 to 56%. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Egorochkin, A. N.; Kuznetsova, O. V.; Khamaletdinova, N. M.; Domrachev, G. A.] Russian Acad Sci, GA Razuvaev Inst Organometall Chem, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. [Domratcheva-Lvova, L. G.] Univ Michoacano San Nicolas Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Egorochkin, AN, Russian Acad Sci, GA Razuvaev Inst Organometall Chem, 49 Tropinin str, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. 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Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD APR PY 2009 VL 171 IS 1-3 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2009.01.005 PG 6 SC Spectroscopy GA 452BQ UT ISI:000266515000006 ER PT J AU Bajaras, DT AF Trejo Bajaras, Deni TI Regional historiography in Mexico: Experiences and reflections on its practice SO HISTORIA UNISINOS LA Spanish DT Article DE historiography; region; Mexico AB In this article I systematize a few ideas about regional historiography in Mexico on the basis of the critique that has been made of it and of the reevaluation of some its concepts undertaken by practitioners. I do this with the intent not of coming to a finished methodological corpus (which does not exist for any field of historiography), but of presenting a contribution that might strengthen this field of study. This effort begins with the clarification of methodological concepts and theories, and involves the reflection on my own experience in this field. This is not an attempt to solve all problems, but is made in the hope of contributing to a continuing dialogue about the process of historical study. In the last three decades of the 20(th) century there were important developments in this way of doing historiography, but recently its methodological assumptions have been challenged. C1 [Trejo Bajaras, Deni] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Hist, Morelia 58300, Michoacan, Mexico. [Trejo Bajaras, Deni] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Bajaras, DT, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Hist, Francisco J Mug S-N,Villa Univ, Morelia 58300, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Unisinos PD JAN-APR PY 2009 VL 13 IS 1 BP 5 EP 18 DI 10.4013/htu.2009.131.01 PG 14 SC History GA 451QR UT ISI:000266485300001 ER PT J AU Avendano, A Casas, A Davila, P Lira, R AF Avendano, Aide Casas, Alejandro Davila, Patricia Lira, Rafael TI In situ Management and Patterns of Morphological Variation of Ceiba aesculifolia subsp parvifolia (Bombacaceae) in the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Valley SO ECONOMIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Ceiba aesculifolia; domestication; Ethnobotany; in situ management; pochote; Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Valley ID CENTRAL MEXICO; POPULATION-GENETICS; ESCONTRIA-CHIOTILLA; ROSE GIBBS,P.E.; PLANT RESOURCES; K. BRITTEN; DOMESTICATION; CACTACEAE; HB AB In situ Management and Patterns of Morphological Variation of Ceiba aesculifolia subsp. parvifolia (Bombacaceae) in the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Valley. Archaeological studies in Mexico's Tehuacan Valley that were conducted during the 1960s revealed that the prehistoric use of "pochote" Ceiba aesculifolia was mainly for its edible roots and seeds. Recent ethnobotanical studies in the villages of Coxcatlan, San Rafael, and San Jos, Tilapa, municipality of Coxcatlan, Puebla, documented that currently seeds are the most important plant parts of this tree used in the region. Local people recognize three morphological types of pochote trees: the purple-reddish, the pale green, and the dark-green reddish fruit variants, the first two being preferred because of their larger and more abundant seeds. This study documents the patterns of morphological variation of C. aesculifolia in human-managed and unmanaged populations in the communities just mentioned in order to analyze whether management has been directed to favor abundance of morphological types preferred by people. The main morphological types named by people were characterized by morphometric studies, and their frequencies in populations under different management intensity were evaluated through vegetation sampling. The morphometric studies corroborated that the morphological types recognized by people are identifiable groups, whereas vegetation sampling revealed that pochote variants preferred by people (the purple-reddish fruit type) were relatively more abundant in human-managed areas than in natural vegetation. This information suggests the occurrence of artificial selection associated with in situ management of this plant species. C1 [Avendano, Aide; Davila, Patricia; Lira, Rafael] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, FES Iztacala, UBIPRO, Lab Recursos Nat, Mexico City 04510, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Casas, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Lira, R, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, FES Iztacala, UBIPRO, Lab Recursos Nat, Mexico City 04510, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. EM rlira@servidor.unam.mx FU "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia" through the project CONACyT [400389G35-450]; "Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnolog a" COMECYT FX This investigation was funded by the "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia" through the project CONACyT 400389G35-450 under the responsibility of the last author during the period 2002-2006. We also thank the "Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnolog a" COMECYT for the funds provided to the first author. We would like to express our deep gratitude towards the people of Coxcatlan, San Rafael, and San Jose Tilapa, as well as to Dr. Raul Cueva Del Castillo, Dr. Hector Godinez Alvarez ( UBIPRO, FES Iztacala, UNAM) for support on statistical analyses, and Edgar Perez-Negron for producing the map. 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Bot. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 63 IS 2 BP 138 EP 151 DI 10.1007/s12231-009-9083-6 PG 14 SC Plant Sciences GA 451UK UT ISI:000266496200003 ER PT J AU Avendano-Castro, C Galvan-Martinez, R Contreras, A Salazar, M Orozco-Cruz, R Martinez, E Torres-Sanchez, R AF Avendano-Castro, C. Galvan-Martinez, R. Contreras, A. Salazar, M. Orozco-Cruz, R. Martinez, E. Torres-Sanchez, R. TI Corrosion kinetics of pipeline carbon steel weld immersed in aqueous solution containing H2S SO CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Polarisation curves; Linear polarisation resistance; X52 pipeline steel; H2S; Weld ID HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; TURBULENT-FLOW; CATHODIC KINETICS; CRACKING; IRON; BACTERIA; BEHAVIOR; DIOXIDE; MEDIA; X-52 AB One important challenge in the petroleum industry is reduce the problem produced by the corrosion of structures or pipeline steel caused by contact with the aggressive fluids, such as aqueous solution containing H2S or CO2. In this work, the corrosion of weldment of API X52 pipeline steel immersed in NACE solution saturated with H2S was studied. In the corrosion tests, the electrochemical techniques, polarisation curves and linear polarisation resistance were carried out in samples of API X52 pipeline steel focus in the three different zones of the weldment: heat affected zone, weld bead and base metal. In addition, a superficial analysis was made in order to identify the film of corrosion products. The temperature increment and the H2S dissolved in the NACE solution increase the corrosion rate of the three different zones. The heat affected zone was the more affected by the corrosion test and the phases mackinawite, troilite and pirrothite were identified in the film of corrosion products. C1 [Galvan-Martinez, R.; Orozco-Cruz, R.; Martinez, E.] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Ingn, Unidad Anticorros, Boca Del Rio 94294, Ver, Mexico. [Contreras, A.; Salazar, M.] Inst Mexicano Petr, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico. [Avendano-Castro, C.; Torres-Sanchez, R.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Cu Morelia, Mich, Mexico. RP Galvan-Martinez, R, Univ Veracruzana, Inst Ingn, Unidad Anticorros, SS Juan Pablo 2 S-N,Zona Univ, Boca Del Rio 94294, Ver, Mexico. EM rigalvan@uv.mx FU National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) FX The authors would like to thank the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) for the grant awarded to Mr Avendano Castro, required to develop this work. 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Eng. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 44 IS 2 BP 149 EP 156 DI 10.1179/174327808X286455 PG 8 SC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 449PL UT ISI:000266342400010 ER PT J AU Hughes, AM Andrews, SM Espaillat, C Wilner, DJ Calvet, N D'Alessio, P Qi, CH Williams, JP Hogerheijde, MR AF Hughes, A. Meredith Andrews, Sean M. Espaillat, Catherine Wilner, David J. Calvet, Nuria D'Alessio, Paola Qi, Chunhua Williams, Jonathan P. Hogerheijde, Michiel R. TI A SPATIALLY RESOLVED INNER HOLE IN THE DISK AROUND GM AURIGAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; planetary systems: protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (GM Aurigae) ID T-TAURI STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; YOUNG CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; ACCRETION DISKS; DUST EMISSION; EVOLUTION; PLANET AB We present 0 ''.3 resolution observations of the disk around GM Aurigae with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at a wavelength of 860 mu m and with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. These observations probe the distribution of disk material on spatial scales commensurate with the size of the inner hole predicted by models of the spectral energy distribution (SED). The data clearly indicate a sharp decrease in millimeter optical depth at the disk center, consistent with a deficit of material at distances less than similar to 20 AU from the star. We refine the accretion disk model of Calvet et al. based on the unresolved SED and demonstrate that it reproduces well the spatially resolved millimeter continuum data at both available wavelengths. We also present complementary SMA observations of CO J = 3-2 and J = 2-1 emission from the disk at 2 '' resolution. The observed CO morphology is consistent with the continuum model prediction, with two significant deviations: (1) the emission displays a larger CO J = 3-2/J = 2-1 line ratio than predicted, which may indicate additional heating of gas in the upper disk layers; and (2) the position angle of the kinematic rotation pattern differs by 11 degrees +/- 2 degrees from that measured at smaller scales from the dust continuum, which may indicate the presence of a warp. We note that photoevaporation, grain growth, and binarity are unlikely mechanisms for inducing the observed sharp decrease in opacity or surface density at the disk center. The inner hole plausibly results from the dynamical influence of a planet on the disk material. Warping induced by a planet could also potentially explain the difference in position angle between the continuum and CO data sets. C1 [Hughes, A. Meredith; Andrews, Sean M.; Wilner, David J.; Qi, Chunhua] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Espaillat, Catherine; Calvet, Nuria] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [D'Alessio, Paola] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Williams, Jonathan P.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hogerheijde, Michiel R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Hughes, AM, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mhughes@cfa.harvard.edu sandrews@cfa.harvard.edu ccespa@umich.edu dwilner@cfa.harvard.edu ncalvet@umich.edu p.dalessio@astrosmo.unam.mx cqi@cfa.harvard.edu jpw@ifa.hawaii.edu michiel@strw.leidenuniv.nl FU NASA [NAG5-11777, HF-01203-A, NAS 5-26555, NNG05GI26G]; JPL [AR50406]; CONACyT, Mexico ; NSF [AST-0808144] FX The authors thank the IRAM staff, particularly Roberto Neri, for their help with the observations and data reduction. They thank Lee Hartmann for helpful discussions in the early stages of this project, and Adam Kraus and Michael Ireland for sharing the results of their Keck observations of GM Aurigae. Partial support for this work was provided by NASA Origins of Solar Systems Program Grant NAG5-11777. A. M. H. acknowledges support from a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Support for S. M. A. was provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant #HF-01203-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. N.C. acknowledges support from NASA Origins Grant NNG05GI26G and JPL grant AR50406. P. D. acknowledges grants from CONACyT, Mexico. J.P.W. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-0808144. 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J. PD JUN 10 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 1 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/131 PG 12 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 450AP UT ISI:000266373700010 ER PT J AU Torres, RM Loinard, L Mioduszewski, AJ Rodriguez, LF AF Torres, Rosa M. Loinard, Laurent Mioduszewski, Amy J. Rodriguez, Luis F. TI VLBA DETERMINATION OF THE DISTANCE TO NEARBY STAR-FORMING REGIONS. III. HP TAU/G2 AND THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF TAURUS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; magnetic fields; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: stars; stars: formation; stars: individual (HP Tau/G2) ID MAIN-SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; AURIGA MOLECULAR CLOUD; T-TAURI; ORION NEBULA; MASS STARS; DARK CLOUD; MILKY-WAY; OPHIUCHUS; KINEMATICS; HIPPARCOS AB Using multiepoch Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations, we have measured the trigonometric parallax of the weak-line T Tauri star HP Tau/G2 in Taurus. The best fit yields a distance of 161.2 +/- 0.9 pc, suggesting that the eastern portion of Taurus (where HP Tau/G2 is located) corresponds to the far side of the complex. Previous VLBA observations have shown that T Tau, to the south of the complex, is at an intermediate distance of about 147 pc, whereas the region around L1495 corresponds to the near side at roughly 130 pc. Our observations of only four sources are still too coarse to enable a reliable determination of the three-dimensional structure of the entire Taurus star-forming complex. They do demonstrate, however, that VLBA observations of multiple sources in a given star-forming region have the potential not only to provide a very accurate estimate of its mean distance, but also to reveal its internal structure. The proper motion measurements obtained simultaneously with the parallax allowed us to study the kinematics of the young stars in Taurus. Combining the four observations available so far, we estimate the peculiar velocity of Taurus to be about 10.6 km s(-1) almost completely in a direction parallel to the Galactic plane. Using our improved distance measurement, we have refined the determination of the position on the H-R diagram of HP Tau/G2, and of two other members of the HP Tau group (HP Tau itself and HP Tau/G3). Most pre-main-sequence evolutionary models predict significantly discrepant ages (by 5 Myr) for those three stars-expected to be coeval. Only in the models of Palla & Stahler do they fall on a single isochrone (at 3 Myr). C1 [Torres, Rosa M.; Loinard, Laurent; Rodriguez, Luis F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radiostron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Mioduszewski, Amy J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Array Operat Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Torres, RM, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radiostron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 72-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM r.torres@astrosmo.unam.mx FU DGAPA ; UNAM ; CONACyT, Mexico FX R. M. T., L. L., and L. F. R. acknowledge the financial support of DGAPA, UNAM, and CONACyT, Mexico. We are indebted to Tom Dame for sending us a digital version of the integrated CO(1-0) map of Taurus, to Andy Boden for his help with the PMS models, and to Cesar Briceno for his detailed comments of the errors affecting the determination of the luminosity and effective temperature of the young stars in the HP Tau group. We are also grateful to the anonymous referee, in particular for his/her comments which prompted us to expand significantly our discussion of the comparison with PMS models. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. 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J. PD JUN 10 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 1 BP 242 EP 249 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/242 PG 8 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 450AP UT ISI:000266373700018 ER PT J AU Cojocaru, AC Luca, F Shparunski, IE AF Cojocaru, Alina Carmen Luca, Florian Shparunski, Igor E. TI Pseudoprime reductions of elliptic curves SO MATHEMATICAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE CAMBRIDGE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Let b >= 2 be an integer and let E/Q be a fixed elliptic curve. In this paper, we estimate the number of primes p <= x such that the number of points n(E)(p) on the reduction of E modulo p is a base b prime or pseudoprime. In particular, we improve previously known bounds which applied only to prime values of n(E)(p). C1 [Cojocaru, Alina Carmen] Univ Illinois, Dept Math Stat & Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cojocaru, Alina Carmen] Acad Romana, Inst Math, Bucharest, Romania. [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Math, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Shparunski, Igor E.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Comp, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Cojocaru, AC, Univ Illinois, Dept Math Stat & Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM cojocaru@math.uic.edu fluca@matmor.unam.mx igor@ics.mq.edu.au FU NSF [DMS-0636750]; SEP-CONACyT [46755]; ARC [DP0556431] FX This paper was initiated during a very enjoyable stay of A. C. C. and I.S. at the Fields Institute, whose support and stimulating research atmosphere are gratefully appreciated. Research of A. C. C. was supported by NSF grant DMS-0636750, of F. L. by grant SEP-CONACyT 46755 and of I. S. by ARC grant DP0556431. 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TI Mixture design to optimize the amount of deflocculants in aqueous porcelain precursor suspensions SO JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Porcelain; Rheology; Thixotropy; Mixture design AB The performance of dispersants poly(acrylic acid), a poly(methacrylic acid), sodium silicate, as well as binary and ternary deflocculant mixtures was compared for highly concentrated aqueous porcelain suspensions. These were formulated in ten stoneware recipes which were processed in the laboratory under fixed conditions, similar to those used in the ceramics industry, and viscosity measurements were made. The use of this methodology enabled the calculation of valid regression models (equations) relating viscosity with the contents of different deflocculant mixtures. C1 [Aguilar-Garcia, O.; Bribiesca-Vazquez, S.; Zarate-Medina, J.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. 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TI Zirconia stabilization assisted by high energy ball-milling SO JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE High energy ball-milling; Zirconia; Oxides; Stabilization; Shrinkage; Structure ID POWDERS; ZRO2 AB Different zirconia (ZrO2) - x (x = CaO, ZnO mol%) solid solutions have been produced by high energy ball-milling (HEBM). The ZrO2 + oxide powder mixtures were milled for 15 and 25 hours, and thermal experiments were subsequently carried out. Experimental findings demonstrate a relationship of the powders' morphology and crystal structure with zirconia stabilization. After the different milling times, X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies did not show any sign of zirconia stabilization; however, after thermal experiments total cubic ZrO2-CaO stabilization was obtained. According to the lattice parameter measurements, solid solutions were formed with the oxides and zirconia powders during the HEBM. These results did not show zirconia stabilization in the ZnO2 addition case. Both scanning electron microscope (SEM) and XRD structural observations indicate greater crystalline structural deformation of the ZrO2-ZnO high energy ball-milled powders in comparison to that of the ZrO2-CaO powders. Furthermore, the behaviors in the lattice parameter values of the ZrO2-CaO system showed a tendency toward increasing the monoctinic symmetry of the cell, which could be beneficial in obtaining total zirconia stabilization (TZS). In the dilatometer and XRD experiments monoclinic (m) -> cubic (c) (CaO) or m -> tetragonal (t) (ZnO) temperature changes for each oxide addition to zirconia were observed. C1 [Hernandez, J.; Zarate, J.; Rosas, C.] UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Rosas, C, UMSNH, Inst Invest Met, Edif U,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. 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PD APR PY 2009 VL 10 IS 2 BP 144 EP 147 PG 4 SC Materials Science, Ceramics GA 445VU UT ISI:000266080400004 ER PT J AU Arroyo-Rodriguez, V Mandujano, S AF Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor Mandujano, Salvador TI Conceptualization and Measurement of Habitat Fragmentation from the Primates' Perspective SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conservation; fragment; habitat loss; landscape ecology; metapopulations ID ALOUATTA-PALLIATA-MEXICANA; RAIN-FOREST FRAGMENTS; PATCH ISOLATION METRICS; LOS-TUXTLAS; HOWLER MONKEYS; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS; LANDSCAPES; ABUNDANCE; CONNECTIVITY AB Habitat fragmentation is one of the principal threats to primates. Studies of primates in fragments usually conclude that fragmentation negatively affects some aspect of their biology or ecology. Nevertheless, the definition and quantification of fragmentation vary considerably among studies, resulting in contradictions and results that are difficult to interpret. We here 1) discuss the problems associated with the definition of habitat fragmentation and the ways of measuring it, 2) emphasize the importance of the concepts and methods from landscape ecology and metapopulation theory for the study of primates in fragmented landscapes, and 3) offer recommendations for more precise use of concepts associated with habitat fragmentation from the primates' perspective. When specific knowledge of the study species/population is available, we suggest that the definition of the variables to be measured should be functional from the primates' perspective, based, e.g., on their habitat requirements and dispersal capacity. The distance to the nearest fragment may not be the best way to measure the isolation between populations. Fragmentation per se is a landscape scale process and, hence, landscape scale studies are required to understand how species are distributed across heterogeneous landscapes. Finally, it is important to consider that what happens at the fragment scale could be the consequence of processes that interact at various spatial and temporal scales. C1 [Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor; Mandujano, Salvador] Inst Ecol AC, Dept Biodiversidad & Ecol Anim, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Arroyo-Rodriguez, V, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. 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J. Primatol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 30 IS 3 BP 497 EP 514 DI 10.1007/s10764-009-9355-0 PG 18 SC Zoology GA 448CS UT ISI:000266241000007 ER PT J AU Arroyo-Rodriguez, V Pineda, E Escobar, F Benitez-Malvido, J AF Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor Pineda, Eduardo Escobar, Federico Benitez-Malvido, Julieta TI Value of Small Patches in the Conservation of Plant-Species Diversity in Highly Fragmented Rainforest SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; deforestation; fragmentation; habitat loss; Los Tuxtlas; Mexico; plant diversity; tropical rainforest; biodiversidad; bosque lluvioso tropical; deforestacion; diversidad de plantas; fragmentacion; Los Tuxtlas; MExico; pErdida de habitat ID TUXTLAS BIOLOGICAL STATION; MONKEYS ALOUATTA-PALLIATA; RED HOWLER MONKEYS; LOS-TUXTLAS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SEED DISPERSAL; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; TROPICAL FORESTS; POPULATION-SIZE; DUNG BEETLES AB We evaluated the importance of small (< 5 ha) forest patches for the conservation of regional plant diversity in the tropical rainforest of Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. We analyzed the density of plant species (number of species per 0.1 ha) in 45 forest patches of different sizes (1-700 ha) in 3 landscapes with different deforestation levels (4, 11, and 24% forest cover). Most of the 364 species sampled (360 species, 99%) were native to the region, and only 4 (1%) were human-introduced species. Species density in the smallest patches was high and variable; the highest (84 species) and lowest (23 species) number of species were recorded in patches of up to 1.8 ha. Despite the small size of these patches, they contained diverse communities of native plants, including endangered and economically important species. The relationship between species density and area was significantly different among the landscapes, with a significant positive slope only in the landscape with the highest deforestation level. This indicates that species density in a patch of a given size may vary among landscapes that have different deforestation levels. Therefore, the conservation value of a patch depends on the total forest cover remaining in the landscape. Our findings revealed, however, that a great portion of regional plant diversity was located in very small forest patches (< 5 ha), most of the species were restricted to only a few patches (41% of the species sampled were distributed in only 1-2 patches, and almost 70% were distributed in 5 patches) and each landscape conserved a unique plant assemblage. The conservation and restoration of small patches is therefore necessary to effectively preserve the plant diversity of this strongly deforested and unique Neotropical region.Evaluamos la importancia de parches de bosque pequenos (< 5 ha) para la conservacion de la diversidad regional de plantas en el bosque lluvioso tropical de Los Tuxtlas, MExico. Analizamos la densidad de especies de plantas (numero de especies por 0.1 ha) en 45 parches de bosque de diferentes tamanos (1-700 ha) en tres paisajes con diferentes niveles de deforestacion (4, 11 y 24% de cobertura forestal). La mayoria de las 364 especies muestreadas (360 especies, 99%) fueron nativas de la region, y solo 4 (1%) fueron especies introducidas por el hombre. La densidad de especies en los parches mas pequenos fue alta y muy variable; el mayor (84 especies) y el menor (23) numero de especies se registro en parches de hasta 1.8 ha. No obstante el tamano pequeno de estos parches, contenian comunidades diversas de plantas nativas, incluyendo especies en peligro de extincion y economicamente importantes. La relacion entre la densidad de especies y el area fue significativamente diferente entre los paisajes, con una pendiente significativamente positiva solo en el paisaje con el mayor nivel de deforestacion. Esto indica que la densidad de especies en un parche de tamano determinado puede variar entre paisajes que tienen diferentes niveles de deforestacion. Por lo tanto, el valor de conservacion de un parche depende de la proporcion total de cobertura forestal en el paisaje. Sin embargo, nuestros resultados revelaron que una gran porcion de la diversidad regional de plantas se localizo en parches de bosque muy pequenos (< 5 ha), la mayoria de las especies se restringieron a unos cuantos parches (41% de las especies muestreadas se distribuyeron en solo 1-2 parches, y casi 70% se distribuyeron en cinco parches) y cada paisaje conservo un ensamble de plantas unico. La conservacion y restauracion de prches pequenos es por lo tanto necesaria para la preservacion efectiva de la diversidad de esta region Neotropical unica y sumamente deforestada. C1 [Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor; Benitez-Malvido, Julieta] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor; Pineda, Eduardo; Escobar, Federico] Inst Ecol AC, Dept Biodiversidad & Ecol Anim, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Arroyo-Rodriguez, V, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM victorarroyo_rodriguez@hotmail.com FU Departamento de Biodiversidad y Ecologia Animal (Instituto de Ecologia A.C.) ; SEMARNAT-CONACYT [2004-56-A1]; CONANP FX We thank B. Gomez-Chagala and R. Mateo-Gutierrez and family for their invaluable help. M. Peredo-Nava (XAL herbarium) and G. Castillo-Campos helped with taxonomy and the identification of specimens. This study was funded by the Departamento de Biodiversidad y Ecologia Animal (Instituto de Ecologia A.C.), SEMARNAT-CONACYT (project 2004-56-A1), and the CONANP. J. L. Hill, J. Fern, and E. Andresen made valuable suggestions on the manuscript. 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Biol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3 BP 729 EP 739 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01120.x PG 11 SC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences GA 445SG UT ISI:000266071200028 ER PT J AU Garcia, NM Zannias, T AF Montelongo Garcia, N. Zannias, T. TI Constructing spherical traversable wormholes: an initial value approach SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY LA English DT Article ID THIN-SHELL WORMHOLES; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; LINEARIZED STABILITY; MINIMAL-SURFACES; ENERGY AB The construction of R-2 x S-2 spherical wormholes is formulated as an initial value problem with the throat serving as an initial value surface. We model exotic matter with a stress tensor that relative to the orthonormal frame of Killing observers reduces to a diagonal form. This assumption combined with staticity, spherical symmetry and a (2 + 1 + 1) decomposition of Einstein's equations yields a set of first-order, coupled ordinary differential equations and an algebraic constraint. The dynamical equations involve the gradient Lambda of the red-shift factor, the tension tau, the area A and the extrinsic curvature K of the SO(3) orbits as embedded on the hypersurfaces orthogonal to the timelike Killing field. The throat dictates a set of initial conditions which in combination with the dynamical equations yield a well-defined initial value problem. We study this initial value problem for the special case where the energy density rho c(2) and Lambda are a priori specified. Provided that rho c(2) does not become large and positive over extended domains, we demonstrate the global existence of asymptotically flat, R-2 x S-2 wormholes have a throat of prescribed area A(0). For any density profile decaying according to rho c(2) = O(r(-(2+epsilon))), where r is a radial coordinate tied to an asymptotic cartesian system, the resulting wormhole has finite Komar mass M-K, but diverging ADM mass M-ADM. Finiteness of M-ADM requires rho c(2) = O(r(-(3+epsilon))), epsilon > 1/2. Besides this discrepancy, the non-trivial topology of the spacelike hypersurfaces orthogonal to the Killing fields, inserts an element of ambiguity in the definition of the Komar mass originating in the inability to normalize simultaneously the timelike Killing vector at both asymptotically flat ends. C1 [Montelongo Garcia, N.; Zannias, T.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Mich, Mexico. RP Garcia, NM, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, AP 2-82, Morelia 58040, Mich, Mexico. 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Quantum Gravity PD MAY 21 PY 2009 VL 26 IS 10 AR 105011 DI 10.1088/0264-9381/26/10/105011 PG 16 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 447RB UT ISI:000266208400011 ER PT J AU Lopez, R Estalella, R Gomez, G Riera, A Carrasco-Gonzalez, C AF Lopez, R. Estalella, R. Gomez, G. Riera, A. Carrasco-Gonzalez, C. TI The nature of HH 223 from long-slit spectroscopy SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: Herbig-Haro objects; stars: formation ID QUADRUPOLAR MOLECULAR OUTFLOW; L723; IONIZATION; EMISSION; OBJECTS; REGIONS; JETS; CORE; MASS AB Context. HH 223 is a knotty, undulating nebular emission of similar to 30 '' length found in the L723 star-forming region. It lies projected onto the largest blueshifted lobe of the quadrupolar CO outflow powered by a low-mass YSO system embedded in the core of L723. Aims. We analysed the physical conditions and kinematics along HH 223 with the aim of disentangling whether the emission arises from shock-excited, supersonic gas characteristic of a stellar jet, or is only tracing the wall cavity excavated by the CO outflow. Methods. We performed long-slit optical spectroscopy along HH 223, crossing all the bright knots (A to E) and part of the low-brightness emission nebula (F filament). One spectrum of each knot, suitable to characterize the nature of its emission, was obtained. The physical conditions and the radial velocity of the HH 223 emission along the slits were also sampled at smaller scale (0 ''.6) than the knot sizes. Results. The spectra of all the HH 223 knots appear like those of intermediate/high excitation Herbig-Haro objects. The emission is supersonic, with blueshifted peak velocities ranging from -60 to -130 km s(-1). Reliable variations in the kinematics and physical conditions at smaller scales that the knot sizes are also found. Conclusions. The properties of the HH 223 emission derived from the spectroscopy confirm the HH nature of the object; the supersonic optical outflow most probably is also being powered by the YSOs embedded in the L723 core. C1 [Lopez, R.; Estalella, R.; Riera, A.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meteorol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Gomez, G.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain. [Gomez, G.] GRANTECAN S CALP, GTC, Brena Baja 38712, La Palma, Spain. [Riera, A.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Dept Fis & Engn Nucl, EUETI Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain. [Carrasco-Gonzalez, C.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Carrasco-Gonzalez, C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radiastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Lopez, R, Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meteorol, Marti & Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM rosario@am.ub.es robert.estalella@am.ub.es gabriel.gomez@gtc.iac.es angels.riera@upc.edu charly@iaa.es FU Spanish MEC [AYA2005-08523-C03]; MICINN [AYA2008-06189-C03]; Junta de Andaluc a (Spain) ; OPTICON Access Programme FX We acknowledge the support astronomer Amanda D. Anlaug her help with the data acquisition and Chin-Fei Lee for providing us the FITS file of the CO emission in L723. The work of C. C.-G., R. E., R. L. and A. R. was supported by the Spanish MEC grant AYA2005-08523-C03 and the MICINN grant AYA2008-06189-C03 (co-funded with FEDER funds). C. C.- G. acknowledges support from a MEC (Spain) FPU fellowship and from Junta de Andaluc a (Spain). R. L. acknowledges support from the OPTICON Access Programme. ALFOSC is owned by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andaluc a (IAA) and operated at the NOT under agreement between IAA and the NBIfAFG of the Astronomical Observatory of Copenhagen. We thank the referee, John Bally, for his useful comments. 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Astrophys. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 498 IS 3 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200811421 PG 9 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 446KZ UT ISI:000266121800011 ER PT J AU Pinte, C Harries, TJ Min, M Watson, AM Dullemond, CP Woitke, P Menard, F Duran-Rojas, MC AF Pinte, C. Harries, T. J. Min, M. Watson, A. M. Dullemond, C. P. Woitke, P. Menard, F. Duran-Rojas, M. C. TI Benchmark problems for continuum radiative transfer High optical depths, anisotropic scattering, and polarisation SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiative transfer; circumstellar matter; accretion, accretion disks; planetary systems: protoplanetary disks; methods: numerical ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; DUST GRAIN EVOLUTION; T-TAURI DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; TRANSFER MODELS; MULTIWAVELENGTH; STARS; INTERFEROMETRY; DISTRIBUTIONS; ALGORITHM AB Aims. Solving the continuum radiative transfer equation in high opacity media requires sophisticated numerical tools. In order to test the reliability of such tools, we present a benchmark of radiative transfer codes in a 2D disc configuration. Methods. We test the accuracy of seven independently developed radiative transfer codes by comparing the temperature structures, spectral energy distributions, scattered light images, and linear polarisation maps that each model predicts for a variety of disc opacities and viewing angles. The test cases have been chosen to be numerically challenging, with midplane optical depths up 106, a sharp density transition at the inner edge and complex scattering matrices. We also review recent progress in the implementation of the Monte Carlo method that allow an efficient solution to these kinds of problems and discuss the advantages and limitations of Monte Carlo codes compared to those of discrete ordinate codes. Results. For each of the test cases, the predicted results from the radiative transfer codes are within good agreement. The results indicate that these codes can be confidently used to interpret present and future observations of protoplanetary discs. C1 [Pinte, C.; Harries, T. J.] Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Min, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Watson, A. M.; Duran-Rojas, M. C.] Univ Nacl Automa Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofs, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Dullemond, C. P.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Woitke, P.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Woitke, P.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Menard, F.] UJF, CNRS, UMR 5571, Astrophys Lab, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. RP Pinte, C, Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. EM pinte@astro.ex.ac.uk FU European Commission's Seventh Framework Program as a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellow [PIEF-GA-2008-220891] FX C. Pinte and F. Menard would like to thank G. Duchene for fruitful discussions on MCFOST. Some of the computations presented in this paper were performed at the Service Commun de Calcul Intensif de l'Observatoire de Grenoble ( SCCI) and on the University of Exeter's SGI Altix ICE 8200 super-computer. C. Pinte acknowledges the funding from the European Commission's Seventh Framework Program as a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellow (PIEF-GA-2008-220891). 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Astrophys. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 498 IS 3 BP 967 EP 980 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200811555 PG 14 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 446KZ UT ISI:000266121800032 ER PT J AU De Koninck, JM Friedlander, JB Luca, F AF De Koninck, Jean-Marie Friedlander, John B. Luca, Florian TI ON STRINGS OF CONSECUTIVE INTEGERS WITH A DISTINCT NUMBER OF PRIME FACTORS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Let omega(n) be the number of distinct prime factors of n. For any positive integer k let n = n(k) be the smallest positive integer such that omega(n + 1),...,omega(n + k) are mutually distinct. In this paper, we give upper and lower bounds for n(k). We study the same quantity when omega(n) is replaced by Omega(n), the total number of prime factors of n counted with repetitions. C1 [De Koninck, Jean-Marie] Univ Laval, Dept Math, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Friedlander, John B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Math, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada. [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP De Koninck, JM, Univ Laval, Dept Math, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. EM jmdk@mat.ulaval.ca frdlndr@math.toronto.edu fluca@matmor.unam.mx CR DEKONINCK JM, 2008, CES NOMBRES QUI NOUS ERDOS P, 1960, MAT LAPOK, V11, P26 ERDOS P, 1975, ILLINOIS J MATH, V19, P292 NR 3 TC 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 USA SN 0002-9939 J9 PROC AMER MATH SOC JI Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. PY 2009 VL 137 IS 5 BP 1585 EP 1592 PG 8 SC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics GA 409VA UT ISI:000263532700008 ER PT J AU Avelino, A Nucamendi, U AF Avelino, Arturo Nucamendi, Ulises TI Can a matter-dominated model with constant bulk viscosity drive the accelerated expansion of the universe? SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmological constant experiments; classical tests of cosmology ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; TRANSIENT RELATIVISTIC THERMODYNAMICS; ANISOTROPY-PROBE OBSERVATIONS; DARK ENERGY; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; VISCOUS COSMOLOGY; EXPANDING UNIVERSE; PAST DECELERATION; KINETIC-THEORY AB We test a cosmological model which the only component is a pressureless fluid with a constant bulk viscosity as an explanation for the present accelerated expansion of the universe. We classify all the possible scenarios for the universe predicted by the model according to their past, present and future evolution and we test its viability performing a Bayesian statistical analysis using the SCP "Union" data set (307 SNe Ia), imposing the second law of thermodynamics on the dimensionless constant bulk viscous coefficient xi and comparing the predicted age of the universe by the model with the constraints coming from the oldest globular clusters. The best estimated values found for xi and the Hubble constant H-0 are: xi = 1.922 +/- 0.089 and H-0 = 69.62 +/- 0.59 (km/s) Mpc(-1) with a chi(2)(min) = 314 (chi(2)(d.o.f) = 1.031). The age of the universe is found to be 14.95 +/- 0.42 Gyr. We see that the estimated value of H-0 as well as of chi(2)(d.o.f) are very similar to those obtained from Lambda CDM model using the same SNe Ia data set. The estimated age of the universe is in agreement with the constraints coming from the oldest globular clusters. Moreover, the estimated value of xi is positive in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics (SLT). On the other hand, we perform different forms of marginalization over the parameter H-0 in order to study the sensibility of the results to the way how H-0 is marginalized. We found that it is almost negligible the dependence between the best estimated values of the free parameters of this model and the way how H-0 is marginalized in the present work. Therefore, this simple model might be a viable candidate to explain the present acceleration in the expansion of the universe. C1 [Avelino, Arturo; Nucamendi, Ulises] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Avelino, A, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Edificio C-3,Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2009 IS 4 AR 006 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/04/006 PG 33 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields GA 444HY UT ISI:000265972600027 ER PT J AU del Castillo, RF Argueta, ST Saenz-Romero, C AF del Castillo, Rafael F. Trujillo Argueta, Sonia Saenz-Romero, Cuauhtemoc TI Pinus chiapensis, a keystone species: Genetics, ecology, and conservation SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Assisted migration; Breeding programs; Conservation; Climate change; Disturbance; Economic value; Extinction; Facilitation; Genetic diversity; Inbreeding depression; Keystone species; Phylogeny; Pinus chiapensis; Tropical montane cloud forest; Secondary succession; Soil ID SECONDARY SUCCESSION; DIVERSITY; PINACEAE; FOREST; MARKERS; CLIMATE; REGION; MEXICO; PINES; RAPD AB We present an overview of recent studies carried out on Pinus chiapensis (Mart.) Andresen (Pinus strobus var. chiapensis Mart.) and provide management and conservation recommendations. Because of its wood quality, and being commonly used by 12 ethnic groups, this pine is an outstanding forest resource at mid-altitude humid mountains of southern Mexico and Guatemala. P. chiapensis appears to be a distinctive species, closely related with North American white pines, and a potential valuable resource for establishing breeding programs with Such species. P. chiapensis is the most abundant tree species in early successional stands of the tropical montane cloud forest playing a key role in ecosystem regeneration particularly in areas managed under slash-and-burn practices. However, many natural stands of this pine are severely reduced. Molecular studies based on isozymes and DNA markets reveal low genetic diversity, the lowest compared with its closest relatives (P. ayacahuite, P. monticola and P. strobus). Heterozygosity and seed viability increase significantly with population size, and inbreeding depression appears to significantly decrease seed viability, suggesting the involvement of genetic factors on population decline. Low population size is associated with both lack of perturbation in well-preserved habitats and high deforestation rates in severely disturbed habitats. Conservation and management practices require preserving and restoring connections between Suitable habitats to enhance gene flow between populations, and on careful programs that monitor and control slash-and-burn practices. Restoration practices should use seeds from as many tree sources as possible to reduce inbreeding risks. Spline climate models predict significant increases in temperature, decreases in precipitation and consequently an increase of aridity along the range of P. chiapensis. Thus, assisted migration would be needed to match present genotypes to forecasted climate changes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [del Castillo, Rafael F.; Trujillo Argueta, Sonia] CIIDIR, Inst Politecn Nacl, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico. [Saenz-Romero, Cuauhtemoc] UMSNH, IIAF, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. RP del Castillo, RF, CIIDIR, Inst Politecn Nacl, Hornos 1003 Santa Cruz Xoxocotlan, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico. EM fsanchez@ipn.mx FU Instituto Politecnico Nacional (CEGEPI) ; SIBEJ-CONACyT ; Darwin Initiative for the Survival of Species ; European Commission ; INCO V [FP6-2004-INCO-DEV-3 032132] FX We thank Raul Rivera Garcia and Nahum S inchez-Vargas for field work, Emma Cisneros for bird identification, and the careful revisions and constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers. This manuscript is an expanded version of a talk given atthe2.02.15 IUFRO Conference of Breeding and Genetic Resources of Five-Needle Pines held in September 2008 in Yangyang, South Korea. The authors greatly thank, J.N. King, R. Sniesko and E.R. Noh for their kind invitation. Funding was provided by grants of Instituto Politecnico Nacional (CEGEPI), SIBEJ-CONACyT, The Darwin Initiative for the Survival of Species, and the European Commission INCO IV program (BICCORES project contract no. ICA4-CT 2001-10095) and INCO V program (REFORLAN FP6-2004-INCO-DEV-3 032132). 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Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 10 PY 2009 VL 257 IS 11 BP 2201 EP 2208 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.03.004 PG 8 SC Forestry GA 444HG UT ISI:000265970700001 ER PT J AU Jara, JM AF Jara, Jose M. TI Seismic response of buildings with energy dissipating systems built in soft soils SO ENGINEERING STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Passive control; Buildings with metallic devices; Stiffness ratios; Narrow band signals; Seismic response ID DESIGN; BEHAVIOR; BRACES AB A parametric study of buildings retrofitted with metallic yielding energy dissipation devices built on soft soil sites is presented. Buildings with 6, 15 and 30 stories are analyzed as representative of low-, mid- and high-rise buildings. Emphasis is placed on parameters controlling the strength and stiffness of the structure and energy dissipation devices. Response history analyses are performed using narrow band ground motions representative of typical motions in very soft soil sites. It is shown that the seismic response is strongly influenced by the ratio of the inter-story stiffness in the frame to the inter-story stiffness of the energy dissipation device support framing system and by the ratio of fundamental period of the structure to predominant period of the ground motion. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jara, Jose M.] Univ Michoacana, Sch Civil Engn, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Jara, JM, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Civil, Edificio Posgrado,Ciudad Univ, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jmjara@zeus.umich.mx CR *AM SOC CIV ENG, 2000, 356 FEMA ASCE *APPL TECHN COUNC, 1986, P SEM WORKSH BAS IS, P478 *APPL TECHN COUNC, 1993, ATC171TC, P841 AIKEN ID, 1992, B NZ NAT SOC EARTHQU, V25, P175 ANTONUCCI R, 1997, P EERC CUREE S HON V BARTERA F, 2004, J CONSTR STEEL RES, V60, P751, DOI 10.1016/S0143-974X(03)00141-X CONSTANTINOU MC, 1998, MONOGRAPH MULTIDISCI, V1 FUENTES F, 2002, P WORKSH SMART STRUC, P383 JARA JM, 2006, ENG STRUCT, V29, P1398 KIM JK, 2004, ENG STRUCT, V26, P693, DOI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.09.010 LIN YY, 2001, P US JAP SEM ADV STA LIN YY, 2003, ENG STRUCT, V25, P25 LIU W, 2004, EARTHQ SPECTRA, V20, P67, DOI 10.1193/1.1648334 NAKASHIMA M, 1996, EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC, V25, P483 PONG WS, 2002, STRUCT ENG MECH, V14, P85 PRAKASH V, 1992, DRAIN 2DX BASE PROGR SKINNER RI, 1980, B NZ NATIONAL SOC EA, V13, P22 SOONG TT, 1997, PASSIVE ENERGY DISSI SOONG TT, 2002, ENG STRUCT, V24, P243 TSAI KC, 1996, P 2 INT WORKSH STRUC, P552 XIA C, 1992, J STRUCT ENG-ASCE, V118, P1903 NR 21 TC 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-0296 J9 ENG STRUCT JI Eng. Struct. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1204 EP 1216 DI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.01.015 PG 13 SC Engineering, Civil GA 444RQ UT ISI:000265998500019 ER PT J AU Arita, HT Rodriguez-Tapia, G AF Arita, Hector T. Rodriguez-Tapia, Gerardo TI Contribution of restricted and widespread species to diversity: the effect of range cohesion SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; GEOMETRIC CONSTRAINTS; RICHNESS PATTERNS; SIZE; CONSERVATION; COMMONNESS; MAMMALS; RARITY; MODELS; MAPS C1 [Arita, Hector T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Arita, Hector T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Tapia, Gerardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Arita, HT, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Apartado Postal 27-3, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. EM arita@oikos.unam.mx FU Inst. of Ecology, National Autonomous Univ. of Mexico (UNAM) FX We thank J. Navarro, P. Rodriguez, E. Vazquez-Dominguez, and F. Villalobos for comments on an early version of the manuscript. Valuable comments and suggestions by H. Kreft, J. J. Lennon, and one anonymous reviewer helped to improve this work. Support for this project was provided by the Inst. of Ecology, National Autonomous Univ. of Mexico (UNAM). CR ARITA HT, 2002, ECOGRAPHY, V25, P541 ARITA HT, 2005, J BIOGEOGR, V32, P961, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01276.x ARITA HT, 2005, J THEOR BIOL, V232, P119, DOI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.08.004 BROWN JH, 1996, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V27, P597 COLWELL RK, 2000, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V15, P70 EVANS KL, 2005, BIOL LETT-UK, V1, P87, DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2004.0251 GASTON KJ, 2003, STRUCTURE DYNAMICS G GASTON KJ, 2008, PROG PHYS GEOG, V32, P73, DOI 10.1177/0309133308089499 HURLBERT AH, 2007, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V104, P13384, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0704469104 JETZ W, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P5661 JETZ W, 2002, SCIENCE, V297, P1548 KREFT H, 2006, ECOGRAPHY, V29, P21 LASORTE FA, 2007, ECOGRAPHY, V30, P649, DOI 10.1111/j.2007.0906-7590.05084.x LENNON JJ, 2004, ECOL LETT, V7, P81, DOI 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2004.00548.x MORA C, 2005, ECOLOGY, V86, P1771 PEARMAN PB, 2007, BIOL CONSERV, V138, P109, DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.04.005 PIERCE JR, 1980, INTRO INFORM THEORY RAHBEK C, 2007, P R SOC B, V274, P165, DOI 10.1098/rspb.2006.3700 RANGEL TFLVB, 2005, ECOL LETT, V8, P783, DOI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00786.x SHANNON CE, 1949, MATH THEORY COMMUNIC VAZQUEZ LB, 2004, GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR, V13, P535 WILHERE GF, 2008, BIOL CONSERV, V141, P770, DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.12.022 NR 22 TC 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD APR PY 2009 VL 32 IS 2 BP 210 EP 214 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05715.x PG 5 SC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology GA 444YA UT ISI:000266015600003 ER PT J AU Teran-Gilmore, A Zuniga-Cuevas, O Ruiz-Garcia, J AF Teran-Gilmore, Amador Zuniga-Cuevas, Oscar Ruiz-Garcia, Jorge TI Displacement-Based Seismic Assessment of Low-Height Confined Masonry Buildings SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article DE dynamic testing; earthquake engineering; roofs; seismology; shear deformation; structural engineering computing; walls AB This paper presents a practical displacement-based evaluation procedure for the seismic assessment of low-height regular confined masonry buildings. First, the so-called Coefficient Method established in several FEMA documents is adapted to obtain rapid estimates of inelastic roof displacement demands for regular confined masonry buildings. For that purpose, a statistical study of constant relative strength inelastic displacement ratios of single-degree-of-freedom systems representing confined masonry buildings is carried out. Second, a nonlinear simplified model is introduced to perform pushover analysis of regular confined masonry buildings whose global and local behavior is dominated by shear deformations in the masonry walls. The model, which can be applied through the use of commercial software, can be used to establish the capacity curve of such buildings. Finally, the evaluation procedure is applied to a three-story building tested at a shaking table testing facility. C1 [Teran-Gilmore, Amador; Zuniga-Cuevas, Oscar] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Dept Mat, Mexico City 02200, DF, Mexico. [Ruiz-Garcia, Jorge] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Civil, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Teran-Gilmore, A, Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Dept Mat, Av San Pablo 180, Mexico City 02200, DF, Mexico. 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Spectra PD MAY PY 2009 VL 25 IS 2 BP 439 EP 464 DI 10.1193/1.3111149 PG 26 SC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological GA 441RS UT ISI:000265788800011 ER PT J AU Garaev, MZ Garcia, VC Konyagin, SV AF Garaev, M. Z. Garcia, V. C. Konyagin, S. V. TI The Waring Problem with the Ramanujan tau-Function, II SO CANADIAN MATHEMATICAL BULLETIN-BULLETIN CANADIEN DE MATHEMATIQUES LA English DT Article AB Let tau(n) be the Ramanujan tau-function. We prove that for any integer N with vertical bar N vertical bar >= 2 the diophantine equation Sigma(148000)(i=1) tau(n(i)) = N has a solution in positive integers n(1), n(2), ... , n(148000) satisfying the condition max(1 <= i <= 148000) n(i) << vertical bar N vertical bar(2/11)e(-clog vertical bar N vertical bar/log log vertical bar N vertical bar), for some absolute constant c > 0. C1 [Garaev, M. Z.; Garcia, V. C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Konyagin, S. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Mech & Math, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Garaev, MZ, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM garaev@matmor.unam.mx garci@matmor.unam.mx konyagin@ok.ru FU UNAM [PAPIIT IN 100307]; INTAS [03-51-5070]; RFBR [05-01-00066] FX Garaev and Garcia were supported by the Project PAPIIT IN 100307 from UNAM. Konyagin was supported by the INTAS grant 03-51-5070 and by the RFBR grant 05-01-00066 CR APOSTOL TM, 1990, GRADUATE TEXTS MATH, V41 BOURGAIN J, 2004, GEOM FUNCT ANAL, V14, P27, DOI 10.1007/s00039-004-0451-1 DELIGNE P, 1974, I HAUTES ETUDES SCI, V43, P273 GARAEV MZ, 2008, IZV MATH+, V72, P35, DOI 10.1070/IM2008v072n01ABEH002390 HUA LK, 1947, TRAV I MATH STEKLOFF, V22 IWANIEC H, 1997, GRADUATE STUDIES MAT, V17 KOBLITZ N, 1993, INTRO ELLIPTIC CURVE MURTY MR, 1983, MATH ANN, V262, P431 NIEBUR D, 1975, ILLINOIS J MATH, V19, P448 SERRE JP, 1973, LECT NOTES MATH, V317, P319 SHPARLINSKI IE, 2005, ARCH MATH, V85, P508, DOI 10.1007/s00013-005-1322-1 NR 11 TC 0 PU CANADIAN MATHEMATICAL SOC PI OTTAWA PA 577 KING EDWARD RD, STE 109, PO BOX 450, STATION A, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1N 6N5, CANADA SN 0008-4395 J9 CAN MATH BULL-BULL CAN MATH JI Can. Math. Bul.-Bul. Can. Math. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 2 BP 195 EP 199 PG 5 SC Mathematics GA 444AY UT ISI:000265953400004 ER PT J AU Banks, WD Garaev, MZ Luca, F Shparlinski, IE AF Banks, William D. Garaev, Moubariz Z. Luca, Florian Shparlinski, Igor E. TI Uniform Distribution of Fractional Parts Related to Pseudoprimes SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS-JOURNAL CANADIEN DE MATHEMATIQUES LA English DT Article ID HEILBRONNS EXPONENTIAL SUM; LARGE SIEVE INEQUALITY; CARMICHAEL NUMBERS; MODULO PRIMES; DIVISOR; BOUNDS AB We estimate exponential sums with the Fermat-like quotients f(g)(n) = g(n-1)-1/n and h(g)(n) = g(n-1)-1/P(n), where g and n are positive integers, it is composite, and P(n) is the largest prime factor of n. Clearly, both f(g)(n) and h(g)(n) are integers if n is a Fermat pseudoprime to base g, and if n is a Carmichael number, this is true for all g coprime to it. Nevertheless, our bounds imply that the fractional parts {f(g)(n) and {h(g)(n) are uniformly distributed, on average over g for f(g)(n), and individually for h(g)(n). We also obtain similar results with the functions (f) over tilde (g)(n) = gf(g)(n) and (h) over tilde (g)(n) = gh(g)(n). C1 [Banks, William D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Math, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Garaev, Moubariz Z.; Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Shparlinski, Igor E.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Commun, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Banks, WD, Univ Missouri, Dept Math, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM bbanks@math.missouri.edu garaev@matmor.unam.mx fluca@matmor.unam.mx igor@ics.mq.edu.au FU PAPIIT [IN104505]; SEP-CONACyT [46755]; Guggenheim Fellowship ; ARC [DP0556431] FX During the preparation of this paper, F. L. was also supported in part by grants PAPIIT IN104505, SEP-CONACyT 46755 and a Guggenheim Fellowship, and I. S. was supported in part by ARC grant DP0556431. 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J. Math.-J. Can. Math. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 61 IS 3 BP 481 EP 502 PG 22 SC Mathematics GA 444AZ UT ISI:000265953500001 ER PT J AU Luca, F Varona, JL AF Luca, Florian Luis Varona, Juan TI Multiperfect numbers on lines of the Pascal triangle SO JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article DE Multiperfect; Multiply perfect; Perfect; Sum of divisors; Pascal triangle; Binomial coefficients; Catalan numbers ID MULTIPLY PERFECT NUMBERS; RECURRENCE SEQUENCES AB A number n is said to be multiperfect (or multiply perfect) if n divides its sum of divisors sigma(n). In this paper, we study the multiperfect numbers on straight lines through the Pascal triangle. Except for the lines parallel to the edges, we show that all other lines through the Pascal triangle contain at most finitely many multiperfect numbers. We also study the distribution of the numbers sigma(n)/n whenever the positive integer n ranges through the binomial coefficients on a fixed line through the Pascal triangle. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Luis Varona, Juan] Univ Rioja, Dpto Matemat & Computac, Logrono 26004, Spain. [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Varona, JL, Univ Rioja, Dpto Matemat & Computac, Calle Luis de Ulloa S-N, Logrono 26004, Spain. EM fluca@matmor.unam.mx jvarona@unirioja.es FU DGI [MTM2006-13000-C03-03]; [SEP-CONACyT 79685] FX Supported in part by Grant SEP-CONACyT 79685. Supported by Grant MTM2006-13000-C03-03 of the DGI. 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Number Theory PD MAY PY 2009 VL 129 IS 5 BP 1136 EP 1148 DI 10.1016/j.jnt.2008.10.003 PG 13 SC Mathematics GA 441FC UT ISI:000265753700013 ER PT J AU Nunez-Gaytan, AM Vera-Avila, LE Covarrubias-Herrera, MD AF Maria Nunez-Gaytan, Ana Elena Vera-Avila, Luz del Rosario Covarrubias-Herrera, Maria TI On-line methodology for the trace level determination of the chlorinated phenol family in water samples SO JOURNAL OF THE MEXICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE chlorophenols; water analysis; on-line methodology; solid-phase extraction; liquid chromatography ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DRINKING-WATER; CHLOROPHENOLS; MICROEXTRACTION; DESORPTION; ENRICHMENT AB On-line solid-phase extraction - liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) methodology was developed for the trace level determination of phenol and 19 chlorophenols in water samples. A small precolumn packed with polymeric adsorbent was placed in a switching valve and used for sample extraction and preconcentration; the trapped compounds were further on-line eluted and analyzed by reversed phase HPLC with UV and coulometric detection. Because of wide differences in hydrophobic character, SPE of the least (phenol and monochlophenols), the medium (di- and trichlorophenols) and the most chlorinated phenols (tetra- and pentachlorophenol) was performed using different sample volume (15-25 mL) and sample composition (0-10% methanol addition). Under these conditions, solute recoveries were >= 82% (except phenol, 72%) for concentrations in the range similar to 3-75 ng/mL. Applying recovery factors, excellent accuracy (100%) and precision (RSD < 6.5%) were achieved for the 20 compounds of interest in replicate analysis (n = 7) of spiked reagent water samples. Method detection limits were 0.5-1 ng/mL with the UV detector and 0.1-0.3 ng/mL with the coulometric detector. C1 [Maria Nunez-Gaytan, Ana; Elena Vera-Avila, Luz; del Rosario Covarrubias-Herrera, Maria] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept Quim Analit, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Maria Nunez-Gaytan, Ana] Univ Michoacana, Dept Quim, Fac Ingn Quim, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Nunez-Gaytan, AM, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept Quim Analit, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM luzelena@servidor.unam.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a de Mexico, CONACYT [28355-U, 46558] FX Financial support for this work was provided by grants from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a de Mexico, CONACYT (projects 28355-U and 46558). CR *US EPA, 1980, 440580032 EPA BAGHERI H, 2001, J CHROMATOGR A, V910, P87 BARCELO D, 1993, J CHROMATOGR, V643, P117 BARCELO D, 1997, DETERMINATION PESTIC, P357 BURTTSCHELL RH, 1959, J AM WATER WORKS ASS, V51, P205 DEAN JA, 1985, LANGES HDB CHEM JAUREGUI O, 1997, ANAL CHIM ACTA, V340, P191 KISHINO T, 1994, WATER RES, V28, P1547 MONTERO L, 2005, J CHROMATOGR A, V1071, P163, DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.097 PETERS CJ, 1980, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V14, P1391 POCURULL E, 1996, J CHROMATOGR A, V738, P1 PUIG D, 1997, J CHROMATOGR A, V778, P313 RODRIGUEZ I, 1997, J CHROMATOGR A, V786, P285 RODRIGUEZ I, 1997, TRAC-TREND ANAL CHEM, V16, P463 SAITOH T, 2007, J CHROMATOGR A, V1164, P40, DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.07.021 SANTANA CM, 2007, J CHROMATOGR A, V1140, P13, DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.050 SARRION MN, 2002, J CHROMATOGR A, V947, P155 SIMOES NG, 2007, CHEMOSPHERE, V68, P501, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.057 TURNES MI, 1994, J CHROMATOGR A, V683, P21 VERAAVILA LE, 1996, INT J ENVIRON AN CH, V63, P301 VERAAVILA LE, 1998, INT J ENVIRON AN CH, V71, P147 NR 21 TC 0 PU SOC QUIMICA MEXICO PI MEXICO D F PA BARRANCA DEL MUERTO 26, COL CREDITO CONSTRUCTOR, DEL BENITO JUAREZ, MEXICO D F, C P 03940, MEXICO SN 1870-249X J9 J MEX CHEM SOC JI J. Mex. Chem. Soc. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 52 IS 3 BP 185 EP 192 PG 8 SC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary GA 441HX UT ISI:000265761000003 ER PT J AU Villa-Hernandez, D AF Villa-Hernandez, David TI Zeta Functions of Burnside Rings of Groups of Order p and p2 SO COMMUNICATIONS IN ALGEBRA LA English DT Article DE Burnside rings; Zeta functions and orders ID ARITHMETIC ORDERS AB The purpose of this article is to determine B(G)(s) the zeta function of B(G) the Burnside ring, for the cyclic groups G=Cp and Cp2, where p is a prime integer, in order to see its behavior and make conjectures for further research. We study thoroughly all ideals of finite index in the (p)-order B(p)(G), to find B(p)(G)(s). Furthermore, we compute the polynomial f(G)(p-s), that belongs to [p-s] and relates B(p)(G)(s) to [image omitted] the zeta function of the maximal order [image omitted]. C1 Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Villa-Hernandez, D, Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM davidvillah@gmail.com CR BOUC S, 2000, HDB ALGEBRA, V2, P739 BUSHNELL CJ, 1980, AM MATH SOC, V2, P306 BUSHNELL CJ, 1980, LECT NOTES MATH, V882, P159 BUSHNELL CJ, 1980, MATH Z, V173, P135 BUSHNELL CJ, 1984, J REINE ANGEW MATH, V349, P160 BUSHNELL CJ, 1986, J REINE ANGEW MATH, V364, P130 BUSHNELL CJ, 1987, MATH Z, V194, P415 CARLSSON G, 1984, ANN MATH, V120, P189 CARLSSON G, 1987, P INT C MATH BERK CA, V1, P574 CARLSSON G, 1987, P INT C MATH BERK CA, V2, P574 CURTIS CW, 1981, METHODS REPRESENTATI, V1, CH3 CURTIS CW, 1987, METHODS REPRESENTATI, V2, CH2 RAGGI CAG, 1986, MATH Z, V192, P353 SOLOMON L, 1977, ADV MATH, V26, P306 NR 14 TC 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0092-7872 J9 COMMUN ALGEBRA JI Commun. Algebr. PY 2009 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1758 EP 1786 DI 10.1080/00927870802216404 PG 29 SC Mathematics GA 442QQ UT ISI:000265856100023 ER PT J AU Garcia-Hernandez, S Solorio-Diaz, G Ramos-Banderas, JA Barreto, JD Morales, RD AF Garcia-Hernandez, S. Solorio-Diaz, G. Ramos-Banderas, J. A. Barreto, J. de J. Morales, R. D. TI Fluid Dynamics of Vortex Formation in Tundish Operations: Mathematical Modelling SO STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE tundish; vortex formation; mathematical simulations; turbulent flows; CFD ID CONTINUOUS-CASTING TUNDISH; RESIDENCE TIME DISTRIBUTION; MOLTEN STEEL FLOW; INCLUSION REMOVAL; MELT FLOW; CASTER TUNDISH; LIQUID STEEL; LADLE SHROUD; TEMPERATURE; TURBULENCE AB A mathematical model was developed to study the significance of the fluid dynamics of vortex formation in tundish operations. The aim is to contribute to the fundamental understanding of vortex formation and related phenomena. For this purpose a typical slab tundish was employed; the mathematical model was solved using FLUENT (R) commercial software capable to simulate highly turbulent flows. The well known k-epsilon turbulence model was applied to compute this effect in the process. The mathematical simulations confirmed the results from a water analogue model. The vortex formation is directly related to the highly turbulent flows present in the reactor. Great changes in velocity fields during short times and large distances between the upper edge of the dam and the free surface of the bath enhance the formation of vortex flows. C1 [Garcia-Hernandez, S.; Ramos-Banderas, J. A.; Barreto, J. de J.] Met Grad Ctr, Inst Tecnol Morelia, Morelia 58120, Mich, Mexico. [Solorio-Diaz, G.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia 58040, Mich, Mexico. [Garcia-Hernandez, S.; Morales, R. D.] ESIQIE IPN, Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Mexico City 07338, DF, Mexico. RP Garcia-Hernandez, S, Met Grad Ctr, Inst Tecnol Morelia, Av Tecnol 1500, Morelia 58120, Mich, Mexico. EM ketechnologies@prodigy.net.mx gil_6000@hotmail.com jramos@itmorelia.edu.mx jbarreto@itmorelia.edu.mx rmorales@ipn.mx CR FLUENT 6 2 USERS GUI, CH7 ALKISHRIWI N, 2006, STEEL RES INT, V77, P557 BARRETO JD, ISSTECH 2003 C P IND, P225 CHAKRABORTY S, 1991, ISIJ INT, V31, P960 CRAIG KJ, 2001, ISIJ INT, V41, P1194 DIAZ GS, 2007, STEEL RES INT, V78, P148 FAN CM, 2000, ISIJ INT, V40, P1105 FAN CM, 2003, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V30, P341, DOI 10.1179/030192303225004015 GARCIADEMEDICES L, 2001, STEEL RES, V72, P346 GRIP CE, 1998, ISIJ INT, V38, P704 ILEGBUSI OJ, 1989, ISIJ INT, V29, P1031 ILEGBUSI OJ, 1994, ISIJ INT, V34, P732 JHA PK, 2001, ISIJ INT, V41, P1437 KIMURA H, 1994, NIPPON STEEL TECHNIC, V61 KORIA SC, 1994, ISIJ INT, V34, P784 KORIA SC, 1999, STEEL RES, V70, P221 KUMAR A, 2005, METALL MATER TRANS B, V36, P777 LOPEZRAMIREZ S, 1998, STEEL RES, V69, P423 LOPEZRAMIREZ S, 2004, METALL MATER TRANS B, V35, P957 MAZUMDAR D, 1999, ISIJ INT, V39, P524 MIKI Y, 1999, METALL MATER TRANS B, V30, P639 MORALES RD, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P1505 NAKANISHI K, 1996, ISIJ INT S, V36, S14 ODENTHAL HJ, 2000, STEEL RES, V71, P210 ODENTHAL HJ, 2001, STEEL RES, V72, P466 PALAFOXRAMOS J, 2001, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V28, P1 PARDESHI R, 2004, ISIJ INT, V44, P1534 RAMOSBANDERAS A, 2003, ISIJ INT, V43, P653 RAMOSBANDERAS A, 2006, STEEL RES INT, V77, P317 SAHAI Y, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P1166 SAHAI Y, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P667 SHENG DY, 1998, ISIJ INT, V38, P843 SINGH RK, 2003, SCAND J METALL, V32, P137 SINGH S, 1993, ISIJ INT, V33, P1228 SINHA AK, 1993, ISIJ INT, V33, P556 SOLORIODIAZ G, 2004, ISIJ INT, V44, P1024 SOLORIODIAZ G, 2005, ISIJ INT, V45, P1129 TOZAWA H, 1999, ISIJ INT, V39, P426 WANG LT, 2005, ISIJ INT, V45, P1138 WEN GH, 2004, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V11, P310 ZAMORA AV, 2004, METALL MATER TRANS B, V35, P247 ZHANG L, 2004, P 3 INT C CONT CAST, P641 ZHANG LF, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P253 NR 43 TC 0 PU VERLAG STAHLEISEN MBH PI DUSSELDORF PA SOHNSTRABE 65, D-40237 DUSSELDORF, GERMANY SN 1611-3683 J9 STEEL RES INT JI Steel Res. Int. PD APR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 BP 256 EP 263 DI 10.2374/SRI08SP139 PG 8 SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 441CK UT ISI:000265746700002 ER PT J AU Balanzario, EP Sanchez-Ortiz, J AF Balanzario, Eugenio P. Sanchez-Ortiz, Jorge TI A generating function for a class of generalized Bernoulli polynomials SO RAMANUJAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Bernoulli polynomials; Dirichlet series; Fourier series AB First we derive a generating function and a Fourier expansion for a class of generalized Bernoulli polynomials. Then we derive formulas that allow certain Dirichlet series to be evaluated in terms of these generalized Bernoulli polynomials. C1 [Balanzario, Eugenio P.; Sanchez-Ortiz, Jorge] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Unidad Morelia, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Balanzario, EP, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Unidad Morelia, Apartado Postal 61-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ebg@matmor.unam.mx CR AGNEW RP, 1960, DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIO APOSTOL TM, 1976, INTRO ANAL NUMBER TH BALANZARIO EP, 2001, AM MATH MON, V108, P969 BALANZARIO EP, 2006, MATH SLOVACA, V56, P307 BERGGREN L, 2000, PI SOURCE BOOK BERNDT BC, 1975, J NUMBER THEORY, V7, P413 EULER L, 1988, INTRO ANAL INFINITE GRADSHTEYN IS, 1965, TABLE INTEGRALS SERI ITO T, 2006, J MATH SOC JPN, V58, P681 KATO K, 2000, NUMBER THEORY, V1 LEHMER DH, 1988, AM MATH MONTHLY, V95, P905 MACKINNON N, 1992, MATH GAZ, V76, P2 NR 12 TC 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-4090 J9 RAMANUJAN J JI Ramanujan J. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1007/s11139-009-9161-5 PG 10 SC Mathematics GA 438NX UT ISI:000265563400002 ER PT J AU Bastianelli, F Davila, JM Schubert, C AF Bastianelli, Fiorenzo Davila, Jose Manuel Schubert, Christian TI Gravitational corrections to the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Models of Quantum Gravity; Nonperturbative Effects; Electromagnetic Processes and Properties ID COVARIANT PERTURBATION-THEORY; HIGHER-DERIVATIVE EXPANSION; STRING-INSPIRED FORMALISM; PHOTON-PHOTON SCATTERING; NONLINEAR SIGMA-MODELS; YANG-MILLS THEORY; QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS; PATH-INTEGRALS; GAUGE-THEORIES; DIMENSIONAL REGULARIZATION AB We use the worldline formalism for calculating the one-loop effective action for the Einstein-Maxwell background induced by charged scalars or spinors, in the limit of low energy and weak gravitational field but treating the electromagnetic field nonperturbatively. The effective action is obtained in a form which generalizes the standard proper-time representation of the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian. We compare with previous work and discuss possible applications. C1 [Bastianelli, Fiorenzo; Schubert, Christian] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Bastianelli, Fiorenzo] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bastianelli, Fiorenzo] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Davila, Jose Manuel; Schubert, Christian] Univ Michoacana, Inst Fis & Matemat, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Bastianelli, F, Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Muhlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. FU Italian MIUR-PRIN [20075ATT78]; CONACYT FX F. B. and C. S. thank S. Theisen and the Albert- Einstein Institute, Potsdam, for hospitality during part of this work. We also thank G. V. Dunne, S. Kuzenko and U. Nucamendi for discussions, and A. Avelino Huerta for computer help. The work of F. B. was supported in part by the Italian MIUR-PRIN contract 20075ATT78. J. M. Davila thanks CONACYT for financial support. 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High Energy Phys. PD MAR PY 2009 IS 3 AR 086 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/03/086 PG 26 SC Physics, Particles & Fields GA 439BD UT ISI:000265600800086 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Garcia, J Negrete, M AF Ruiz-Garcia, Jorge Negrete, Miguel TI A Simplified Drift-Based Assessment Procedure for Regular Confined Masonry Buildings in Seismic Regions SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Confined Masonry; Displacement-Based Evaluation; Inelastic Displacement Ratio; Fragility Assessment; Stiffness Degradation ID FRAGILITY ASSESSMENT; APPROXIMATE METHODS; EXISTING STRUCTURES; DEMANDS; ZONES AB This article presents a simplified procedure for assessing the seismic performance of existing low-to-medium rise confined masonry (CM) buildings, which are a typical construction type in Latin-America. The procedure consists of the estimation of the peak roof and first-story inelastic drift demand of CM buildings. The expected peak inelastic displacement demand is related to drift-based fragility curves, which express the probability of being or exceeding two key damage states in the masonry panels, developed from a relatively large experimental database. The proposed procedure could be very useful for obtaining rapid estimates of expected performance during future earthquake events and for assessing the seismic vulnerability of regular confined masonry structures. C1 [Ruiz-Garcia, Jorge; Negrete, Miguel] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Civil, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ruiz-Garcia, J, Univ Michoacana, Fac Ingn Civil, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jruizgar@stanfordalumni.org FU Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo in Mexico FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo in Mexico for providing support to the research reported in this article. In addition, the authors would like to thank the comments and suggestions of two anonymous reviewers that helped to improve the final version of the article. 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Earthqu. Eng. PY 2009 VL 13 IS 4 BP 520 EP 539 DI 10.1080/13632460802598560 PG 20 SC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary GA 439UQ UT ISI:000265653200006 ER PT J AU Tena-Martinez, MJ Val-Arreola, D Hanks, JD Taylor, NM AF Tena-Martinez, M. J. Val-Arreola, D. Hanks, J. D. Taylor, N. M. TI The use of early lactation milk protein content to predict subsequent fertility performance and likelihood of culling, in commercial dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE fertility; probability of culling; milk protein; milk records ID BODY CONDITION SCORE; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; POSTPARTUM; CATTLE; HERDS; PARAMETERS; HOLSTEIN AB A dataset of 1,846,990 completed lactation record,; was created Using milk recording data from 8,967 commercial dairy farms in the United Kingdom over a five year period. Herd-specific lactation curves describing levels of milk, Cat and protein by lactation number and month of calving were generated for each farm. The actual yield of milk and protein proportion at the first milk recording of individual cow lactations were compared with the levels taken from the lactation curves. Logistic regression analysis showed that cows production milk with a lower percentage of protein than average had a significantly lower probability of being in-calf at 100 days post calving and it significantly higher probability of being culled at the end of lactation. The culling rates derived from the studied database demonstrate the current high wastage rate of commercial dairy cows. Well of this wastage is due to involuntary culling as a result of reproductive failure. C1 [Tena-Martinez, M. J.; Val-Arreola, D.] Michoacan Univ St Nicolas Hidalgo, Michoacan 58880, Mexico. [Hanks, J. D.; Taylor, N. M.] Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, VEERU, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England. RP Val-Arreola, D, Michoacan Univ St Nicolas Hidalgo, Morelia Zinapecuaro Rd,Km 9-5 Tarimbaro, Michoacan 58880, Mexico. EM dval_@hotmail.com FU The National Council for Science and Technology FX The authors are grateful to National M Ilk Records(NMR) for their co-operation in providing access to the data and in the derivation of the database. The funding of The National Council for Science and Technology is also readily acknowledged. The authors are also grateful for the major contributions of Dr Andrew James, of the Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics Research Unit (VEERU) and Dr Derek Pike, Head of the School of Applied Statistics both at the University of Reading. CR *DAIR COUNC, 2003, DAIR FACTS FIG 2002, P11 *DAIR RES INT, 2003, DAIR EC IND, P39 *NAT MAST COUNC US, 2000, PROC IMPR UDD HLTH *PAN LIV SERV, 2003, US GUID *SAS, 1999, GEMOD PROC, CH29 ARBEL R, 2001, J DAIRY SCI, V84, P600 BEAM SW, 1997, BIOL REPROD, V56, P133 BEAM SW, 1999, J REPROD FERTILITY S, V54, P411 COLLETT D, 1999, MODELLING BINARY DAT DUNNE LD, 1999, ANIM SCI 2, V69, P411 ESSLEMONT RJ, 2002, 5 DAIS, P5 GRIEVE DG, 1986, LIVEST PROD SCI, V14, P239 GROHN YT, 2003, PREV VET MED, V61, P27, DOI 10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00158-2 HEUER C, 1999, J DAIRY SCI, V82, P295 LUCY MC, 2000, J DAIRY SCI, V83, P1635 RAJALASCHULTZ PJ, 2003, ANIM REPROD SCI, V76, P127 REKSEN O, 2002, J DAIRY SCI, V85, P1406 ROYAL MD, 2000, ANIM SCI 3, V70, P487 WALL E, 2003, J DAIRY SCI, V86, P4093 WASHBURN SP, 2002, J DAIRY SCI, V85, P244 WESTWOOD CT, 2002, J DAIRY SCI, V85, P3225 WOOD PDP, 1969, ANIM PROD, V11, P307 NR 22 TC 0 PU KIELANOWSKI INST ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION PI JABLONNA PA UL INSTYTUCKA 3, 05-110 JABLONNA, POLAND SN 1230-1388 J9 J ANIM FEED SCI JI J. Anim. Feed Sci. PY 2009 VL 18 IS 2 BP 209 EP 220 PG 12 SC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science GA 438WJ UT ISI:000265586400002 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Da Mota, SE Escalante-Razo, FA AF Hernandez-Da Mota, Sergio E. Escalante-Razo, Felipe A. TI Bartonellosis causing bilateral Leber neuroretinitis: a case report SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonella henselae; Neuroretinitis; Macular star ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE AB PURPOSE. Bartonella henselae is the causal agent of cat scratch disease and one variation in its presentation is Leber neuroretinitis. The unilateral presence of exudation as a macular star and papilledema represent its most common presentation. METHODS. Observational case report. A 7-year-old girl presented a sudden decrease of visual acuity and bilateral macular exudation (macular star) as well as choroiditis. RESULTS. A complete recovery of visual acuity was seen after a 6-week follow-up. Erythromycin plus deflazacort treatment was given. CONCLUSIONS. The present case represents an unusual variety of cat scratch disease. This represents a challenge in the differential diagnosis of diseases such as Lyme disease and tuberculosis among others. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2009; 19: 307-9) C1 [Hernandez-Da Mota, Sergio E.] Clin David, Unidad Oftalomol, Morelia 58280, Michoacan, Mexico. [Hernandez-Da Mota, Sergio E.] SSA, Gen Hosp Dr Miguel Silva, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Escalante-Razo, Felipe A.] IMSS, Gen Hosp 4, Dept Ophthalmol, Zamora, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Hernandez-Da Mota, SE, Clin David, Unidad Oftalomol, Blvd Garcia de Leon 598, Morelia 58280, Michoacan, Mexico. EM tolodamota@yahoo.com.mx CR DEHIO C, 2004, ANNU REV MICROBIOL, V58, P365, DOI 10.1146/annurev.micro.58.030603.123700 LABALETTE P, 2001, AM J OPHTHALMOL, V132, P575 MICHAU TM, 2003, VET OPHTHALMOL, V6, P299 REED JB, 1998, OPHTHALMOLOGY, V105, P459 SOLLEY WA, 1999, OPHTHALMOLOGY, V106, P1546 SUHLER EB, 2000, OPHTHALMOLOGY, V107, P871 WADE NK, 1999, RETINA-J RET VIT DIS, V19, P355 NR 7 TC 0 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1120-6721 J9 EUR J OPHTHALMOL JI Eur. J. Ophthalmol. PD MAR-APR PY 2009 VL 19 IS 2 BP 307 EP 309 PG 3 SC Ophthalmology GA 439AO UT ISI:000265598800025 ER PT J AU Solis-Ortiz, S Campos, RG Felix, J Obregon, O AF Solis-Ortiz, Silvia Campos, Rafael G. Felix, Julian Obregon, Octavio TI Coincident frequencies and relative phases among brain activity and hormonal signals SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS LA English DT Article ID EARLY LUTEAL-PHASE; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; EEG; WOMEN; PROGESTERONE; OSCILLATIONS; PERFORMANCE; ATTENTION; STABILITY AB Background: Fourier transform is a basic tool for analyzing biological signals and is computed for a finite sequence of data sample. The electroencephalographic (EEG) signals analyzed with this method provide only information based on the frequency range, for short periods. In some cases, for long periods it can be useful to know whether EEG signals coincide or have a relative phase between them or with other biological signals. Some studies have evidenced that sex hormones and EEG signals show oscillations in their frequencies across a period of 28 days; so it seems of relevance to seek after possible patterns relating EEG signals and endogenous sex hormones, assumed as long time-periodic functions to determine their typical periods, frequencies and relative phases. Methods: In this work we propose a method that can be used to analyze brain signals and hormonal levels and obtain frequencies and relative phases among them. This method involves the application of a discrete Fourier Transform on previously reported datasets of absolute power of brain signals delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1 and beta2 and the endogenous estrogen and progesterone levels along 28 days. Results: Applying the proposed method to exemplary datasets and comparing each brain signal with both sex hormones signals, we found a characteristic profile of coincident periods and typical relative phases. For the corresponding coincident periods the progesterone seems to be essentially in phase with theta, alpha1, alpha2 and beta1, while delta and beta2 go oppositely. For the relevant coincident periods, the estrogen goes in phase with delta and theta and goes oppositely with alpha2. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the procedure applied here provides a method to analyze typical frequencies, or periods and phases between signals with the same period. It generates specific patterns for brain signals and hormones and relations among them. C1 [Felix, Julian; Obregon, Octavio] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Fis, Div Ciencias & Ingn, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. [Solis-Ortiz, Silvia] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ciencias Med, Div Ciencias Salud, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico. [Campos, Rafael G.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Obregon, O, Univ Guanajuato, Dept Fis, Div Ciencias & Ingn, Campus Leon, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. EM silviasolis17@prodigy.net.mx rcampos@umich.mx felix@fisica.ugto.mx octavio@fisica.ugto.mx FU CONCYTEG [06-16-K117-142, 06-16-K117-99]; CONACYT [51306-F, 39941, 60645, 52365]; Universidad de Guanajuato FX We thank M. Corsi-Cabrera for comments during the development of this work. Partially supported by CONCYTEG grants 06-16-K117-142, and 06-16-K117-99, CONACYT grants 51306-F, 39941, 60645, and 52365 and Universidad de Guanajuato. 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Brain Funct. PD MAR 14 PY 2009 VL 5 AR 18 DI 10.1186/1744-9081-5-18 PG 9 SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences GA 439BH UT ISI:000265601300001 ER PT J AU Monterrubio-Rico, TC Ortega-Rodriguez, JM Marin-Togo, MC Salinas-Melgoza, A Renton, K AF Monterrubio-Rico, Tiberio C. Manuel Ortega-Rodriguez, Juan Consuelo Marin-Togo, M. Salinas-Melgoza, Alejandro Renton, Katherine TI Nesting Habitat of the Lilac-crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE Amazona finschi; Chamela; habitat fragmentation; Michoacan; nest site characteristics; secondary cavity-nesting; semi-deciduous forest; tropical dry forest ID CONSERVATION STATUS; ATLANTIC FOREST; AVAILABILITY; BIRDS; PREDATION; ABUNDANCE; RESOURCE; CAVITIES; BRITAIN AB Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac-crowned parrot Amazona finschi in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac-crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche-breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac-crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, and Tabebuia spp., all characteristic of semi-deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi-deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi-deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi-deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi-deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac-crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest. C1 [Monterrubio-Rico, Tiberio C.; Manuel Ortega-Rodriguez, Juan; Consuelo Marin-Togo, M.] Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Conservac & Manejo Fauna Silvestre, Morelia 58194, Michoacan, Mexico. [Salinas-Melgoza, Alejandro] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Renton, Katherine] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Estac Biol Chamela, Melaque 48980, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Monterrubio-Rico, TC, Univ Michoacana, Fac Biol, Lab Conservac & Manejo Fauna Silvestre, Morelia 58194, Michoacan, Mexico. EM tiberio@zeus.umich.mx FU Coordinacion de Investigacion Cientifica of the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo (UMSNH) ; Fondo Sectorial de Investigacion Ambiental CONACYT-SEMARNAT FX We greatly appreciate the advice of L. Villasenor-Gomez and F. Villasenor-Gomez on suitable survey sites. Field assistance was provided by E.A. Lopez-Cordova, B. Fabian-Turja, B. Santiago-Valencia, and A. Ortega. The research was funded by the Coordinacion de Investigacion Cientifica of the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo (UMSNH), and the Fondo Sectorial de Investigacion Ambiental CONACYT-SEMARNAT. We are grateful to the Direccion General de Vida Silvestre at SEMARNAT for permits to conduct the research. The Estacion de Biologia Chamela and the Instituto de Biologia of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MExico, in addition to the Facultad de Biologia at UMSNH, provided facilities for the preparation of this manuscript. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript. 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In the face of a potential worldwide pollination crisis it is important to assess which countries may be more vulnerable in order to prioritize pollinator conservation efforts. The poverty level, the population density and the level of pollinator dependence for food provisioning are key aspects to identify vulnerable countries. We evaluate these aspects and determine the level of human food provisioning dependence on pollinators in Mexico, a developing and highly populated country. The diversity of crop species in Mexico is exceptionally high. Nearly 85% of fruit and/or seed consumed species depend to some degree on pollinators for productivity. Overall, pollinator-dependent crops generate larger income but cover a lower cultivated area and produce less volume compared to non-pollinator-dependent crops. Volume per unit area, however, as well as revenue per unit area, is much higher for pollinator-dependent crops. Native wild pollinators also play a key role in fruit or seed production of Mexican domesticated plant species and in the reproduction of many useful wild species. Thus, assuring free pollination services is particularly important in Mexico as the livelihood of a large proportion of the population exclusively and directly depends on ecosystem services for subsistence. Feasible conservation strategies involve the payment of environmental services to Ejidos (communal land tenure systems) making efforts to protect or restore plant resources and native pollinators, and the creation of new protected natural areas, which ensures food provision, mating and nesting sites for pollinators. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ashworth, Lorena; Aguilar, Ramiro] Univ Nacl Cordoba, CONICET, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Ashworth, Lorena; Quesada, Mauricio; Casas, Alejandro; Aguilar, Ramiro; Oyama, Ken] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ashworth, L, Univ Nacl Cordoba, CONICET, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal, CC 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. EM lash@imbiv.unc.edu.ar mquesada@oikos.unam.mx acasas@oikos.unam.mx ragui-lar@imbiv.unc.edu.ar akoyama@oikos.unam.mx FU ANPCyT, Argentina [PICT04-20341, PICT06-0132]; CONACYT, Mexico [2005-C01-51043, 2005-C01 50863]; DGAPA at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [IN221305, IN224108, IN219608] FX Our research was supported by Grants from the ANPCyT, Argentina (PICT04-20341 and PICT06-0132), CONACYT, Mexico (Grants 2005-C01 -51043 and 2005-C01 50863), and DGAPA at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (LINAM: Grants IN221305, IN224108, and IN219608). Three anonymous referees made very constructive critics and suggestions, all of which led to improvements in the final version of this manuscript. This research was conducted while L.A. and R.A. were Postdoctoral Associates at Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas (ClEco, UNAM). LA. and R.A. are now researchers from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). M.Q., A.C., and K.O. are researchers from ClEco, LINAM. 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Conserv. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1050 EP 1057 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.01.016 PG 8 SC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences GA 435IW UT ISI:000265338600014 ER PT J AU Zamudio, S AF Zamudio, Sergio TI Notes on the genus Berberis (Berberidaceae) in Mexico SO ACTA BOTANICA MEXICANA LA Spanish DT Article DE Berberidaceae; Berberis; Flora del Bajio; Mexico AB Some historical errors related with the application of the names Berberis trifolia Schltdl. et Cham., B. ilicina Schltdl. and B. schiedeana Schltdl., which were assigned subsequently to the same entity, are clarified. Berberis trifolia is recognized as the valid name because it was the first one applied to the species. The type locality of this species is located near the border between the states of Puebla and Veracruz, between Cuauhtotolapa (La Gloria), municipality of Perote, Veracruz and Tlachichuca, municipality of Tlachichuca, Puebla. Berberis alpina Zamudio is described as a new species; it has been extensively confused with B. schiedeana (synonymous of B. trifolia); with which is not related. The correct identities of B. pallida Hartw. ex Benth. and B. hartwegii Benth. are determined, and lectotypes for B. hartwegii Benth., Mahonia paxii Fedde and M. zimapana Fedde are designated. C1 Inst Ecol, AC Ctr Reg Bajio, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Zamudio, S, Inst Ecol, AC Ctr Reg Bajio, Apdo Postal 386, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. EM sergio.zamudio@inecol.edu.mx CR AHRENDT LWA, 1961, J LINN SOC BOT, V57, P1 BENTHAM G, 1839, PLANTAE HARTWEGIANAE FEDDE F, 1901, BOT JB, V31, P30 HEMSLEY WB, 1879, BIOL CENTRALI AM LON, V1, P22 MARROQUIN JS, 1972, THESIS NE U BOSTON M MARROQUIN JS, 1993, FLORA VERACRUZ, V75, P1 MCVAUGH R, 1970, J CRAMER LEHRE SCHIEDE CW, 1829, LINNEA, V4, P212 SCHLECHTENDAL D, 1830, LINNAEA, V5, P206 SCHLECHTENDAL DFL, 1835, LINNAEA, V10, P233 SCHLECHTENDAL DFL, 1854, BOT Z, V12, P651 SCHULTES JA, 1830, SYSTEMA VEGETABILIUM, V7, P1616 STAFLEU FA, 1985, REGNUN VEGETABILIE, V5 STANDLEY PC, 1922, CONTR US NAT HERB, V23, P268 TAYLOR NP, 2004, CURTISS BOT MAG, V21, P182 NR 15 TC 0 PU INST ECOLOGIA AC PI PATZCUARO PA CENTRO REGIONAL DEL BAJIO, APARTADO POSTAL 386, PATZCUARO, MICHOACAN 61600, MEXICO SN 0187-7151 J9 ACTA BOT MEX JI Acta. Bot. Mex. PD APR PY 2009 VL 87 BP 31 EP 70 PG 40 SC Plant Sciences GA 436SC UT ISI:000265434600003 ER PT J AU Perez-Calix, E Patino-Siciliano, A AF Perez-Calix, Emmanuel Patino-Siciliano, Alfredo TI Review of the genus Mimophytum Greenm. (Boraginaceae) SO ACTA BOTANICA MEXICANA LA Spanish DT Article DE Boraginaceae; Mexico; Mimophytum; taxonomy AB A morphological description of the genus Mimophytum Greenm. (Boraginaceae) is provided, as well as a dichotomous key to the species and ecological and distributional information. The genus is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico. Morphological descriptions for the two species are provided. One of them, M. benitomartinezii, is proposed as new to science. It differs from M. omphalodoides in that the stems are rhizomatous-stoloniferous, the upper leaf surfaces are glabrous, the leaf blades possess 3 basal nerves, the inflorescence is an ebracteate, scorpioid cyme, the pedicels are shorter, and the fruits have glochids forming a ring around the edges. C1 [Perez-Calix, Emmanuel] Inst Ecol, Ctr Reg Bajio, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. [Patino-Siciliano, Alfredo] Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Bot, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. RP Perez-Calix, E, Inst Ecol, Ctr Reg Bajio, Apdo Postal 386, Patzcuaro 61600, Michoacan, Mexico. EM emmanuel.perezcalix@inecol.edu.mx apsiciliano@yahoo.com.mx CR GREENMAN JM, 1905, P AM ACAD ARTS SCI, V41, P233 NR 1 TC 0 PU INST ECOLOGIA AC PI PATZCUARO PA CENTRO REGIONAL DEL BAJIO, APARTADO POSTAL 386, PATZCUARO, MICHOACAN 61600, MEXICO SN 0187-7151 J9 ACTA BOT MEX JI Acta. Bot. Mex. PD APR PY 2009 VL 87 BP 91 EP 99 PG 9 SC Plant Sciences GA 436SC UT ISI:000265434600006 ER PT J AU Solorio-Diaz, G Ramos-Banderas, A Barreto, JD Morales, RD AF Solorio-Diaz, G. Ramos-Banderas, A. Barreto, J. de J. Morales, R. D. TI Modeling Study of Turbulent Flow Effect on Inclusion Removal in a Tundish with Swirling Ladle Shroud SO STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Tundish Metallurgy; Mathematical Modeling; Fluid Flow Control; Inclusion Removal; Ladle Shroud ID 2ND-MOMENT CLOSURE; STEEL FLOW AB The present study is focused on the assessment of a new concept of ladle shroud capable to control the turbulence promoted by the steel entry jet in a continuous casting tundish; the new proposal is a Swirling Ladle Shroud (SLS). It presumed that the SLS decreases the impact velocities in the tundish bottom close to 1/3 of that provided by a conventional shroud. In this mathematical study an analysis of turbulence control and particle removal is made by comparing the SLS with two different conventional tundish arrangements. Particle sizes included 1, 5, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 microns. Simulations also included the effects of the mass flow rate on the removal efficiency of non-metallic inclusions, considering 3.8 and 7.6 ton/min mass flow rates. It was found that the SLS is capable to handle different mass flow rates, opposite to the conventional arrangements where at any increase of mass flow rate, these devices become inefficient to control turbulence, reducing considerably the inclusion removal efficiency. These results illustrate that using a SLS, the turbulent flow control and the particle removal may be better with this new proposal. C1 [Solorio-Diaz, G.] Univ Michoacana, Posgrado Ingn Mecan, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ramos-Banderas, A.; Barreto, J. de J.] Met Grad Ctr, Inst Tecnol Morelia, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. [Morales, R. D.] Inst Politecn Nacl ESIQIE, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Mexico City 07338, DF, Mexico. RP Solorio-Diaz, G, Univ Michoacana, Posgrado Ingn Mecan, Av FJ Mujica S-N, Morelia 58040, Michoacan, Mexico. EM gil_6000@hotmail.com jramos@itmorelia.edu.mx jbarreto@itmorelia.edu.mx rmorales@ipn.mx FU UMSNH ; DGEST ; ITM ; IPN ; CONACyT ; SNI FX We give thanks to the institutions UMSNH, DGEST, ITM, IPN, CONACyT and SNI for their permanent support tothe Academic Group of Mathematical Simulation of Materials Processing and Fluid Dynamics. 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PD MAR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 3 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.2374/SRI08SP045 PG 12 SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 433LJ UT ISI:000265205000007 ER PT J AU Morales-Gamez, M Keppie, JD Dostal, J AF Morales-Gamez, Miguel Duncan Keppie, J. Dostal, Jaroslav TI Carboniferous tholeiitic dikes in the Salada unit, Acatlan Complex, southern Mexico: a record of extension on the western margin of Pangea SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE CIENCIAS GEOLOGICAS LA English DT Article DE Acatlan Complex; geochemistry; Pangea; Carboniferous; Mexico ID EVOLUTION; SERIES; AREA AB A suite of mafic dikes intrudes polydeformed greenschist facies, metapsammites and metapelites of the Salada unit in the eastern part of the Acatlan Complex, southern Mexico. The age of the dikes is constrained by the youngest detrital zircon in the Salada host rocks (352 +/- 3 Ma) and the Early Permian age of the overlying Tecomate formation, which is devoid of such dikes. The mafic rocks are generally composed of amphibole, chlorite, feldspar epidote and accessory opaque minerals. Their chemistry resembles rift-related tholeiites with similar to 50 wt.% SiO2 and Mg# similar to 0.40-0.60. Their chondrite-normalized REE patterns resemble N-type MORB with (La/Sm)n mostly similar to 0.5-0.6, and their mantle-normalized patterns are relatively flat with no negative Nb anomaly and a low Th/La ratio indicating the absence of both subduction-related fluids and crustal contamination. Their chemistry resembles N-type MORB. Their intrusive relationships with the continentally-derived clastic rocks suggests that they were emplaced in thin continental crust. Shallow-water Mississippian fauna in the adjacent Oaxaquia terrane, with Mid-Continent (USA) affinities, indicate that Pangea had already amalgamated by this time. 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Murphy for detailed reviews that have allowed for improvement of the manuscript. 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EM j.ballesteros@crya.unam.mx g.gomez@crya.unam.mx l.loinard@crya.unam.mx r.torres@crya.unam.mx barbara@astroscu.unam.mx FU UNAM-PAPIIT [110606, IN111007, IN119708]; CONACYT [J50402-F, 47860, 50720, 60581]; CRyA-UNAM [36571-E] FX We thank Paola D'Alessio and Lee Hartmann for a careful reading and useful comments on this manuscript. This work was supported by UNAM-PAPIIT grant numbers 110606, IN111007 and IN119708 to JBP, LL and BP, respectively, and CONACYT grant numbers J50402-F, 47860, 50720 and 60581 to GCG, LL, BP and BP, respectively. We have made extensive use of the NASA-ADS data base. The calculations were performed on both the cluster at CRyA-UNAM acquired with grant 36571-E and the cluster Platform 4000 (KanBalam) at DGSCA, UNAM. 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 395 IS 1 BP L81 EP L84 DI 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00647.x PG 4 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 431QS UT ISI:000265078700018 ER PT J AU Toledo-Roy, JC Velazquez, PF De Colle, F Gonzalez, RF Reynoso, EM Kurtz, SE Reyes-Iturbide, J AF Toledo-Roy, J. C. Velazquez, P. F. De Colle, F. Gonzalez, R. F. Reynoso, E. M. Kurtz, S. E. Reyes-Iturbide, J. TI Numerical model for the SNR DEM L316: simulated X-ray emission SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE conduction; hydrodynamics; methods: numerical; supernova remnants; Magellanic Clouds; X-rays: individual: DEM L316 ID SINGLE-EXPLOSION MODEL; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; FORMED DENSE SHELL; REMNANT 3C 400.2; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; THERMAL CONDUCTION; ATOMIC DATABASE; HOT INTERIOR; W44; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AB We present a two-component supernova remnant model for the case of Magellanic remnant DEM L316 obtained from two-dimensional, axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations. We study different scenarios which consider a possible collision between the shells and also the effects of thermal conduction. Synthetic X-ray maps were obtained from numerical results in order to directly compare with the observed morphology of this object. We find a good agreement is achieved when thermal conduction is included, reproducing both the observed morphology and the total X-ray luminosity very well. Finally, our results suggest that the two components of DEM L316 are not in physical interaction. C1 [Toledo-Roy, J. C.; Velazquez, P. F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [De Colle, F.] DIAS, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Gonzalez, R. F.; Kurtz, S. E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Reynoso, E. M.] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Reynoso, E. M.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. 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Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 395 IS 1 BP 351 EP 357 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14517.x PG 7 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 431QS UT ISI:000265078700048 ER PT J AU Ortega-Alvarez, R MacGregor-Fors, I AF Ortega-Alvarez, Ruben MacGregor-Fors, Ian TI Living in the big city: Effects of urban land-use on bird community structure, diversity, and composition SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Urban ecology; Land-use; Urban planning; Biodiversity; Neotropical bird communities ID BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; URBANIZATION; GRADIENT; BIODIVERSITY; ASSOCIATIONS; ENVIRONMENTS; ORGANIZATION; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPES; PREDATION AB Cities represent an important threat to biodiversity at different scales. Nevertheless, little is known on the processes underlying such effects. In this paper we describe bird diversity, structure, and composition patterns in different urban land-use categories. For this, we surveyed resident bird communities in four representative land-use categories of southwestern Mexico City. Our results show that bird communities vary greatly along the different studied urban land-uses, which represent an urbanization development gradient. Bird communities were highly dominated by few generalist species in areas with commercial components, while showed to have higher evenness values in green areas. Bird species richness decreased and bird abundances increased with urbanization intensity. Also, our results indicate that bird species richness and abundance values are sensible to site-specific habitat characteristics. Although we did not find a clear pattern of taxonomic homogenization related to urbanization, our results show that urbanization development entails the functional homogenization of bird communities. Thus, based on our results, we suggest three urban planning and management activities: (1) regulate land-use change related to urbanization; (2) increase the number of green areas within the city; (3) establish bird monitoring programs to identify focal areas that need management and assist with ecological data for urban planning. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ortega-Alvarez, Ruben] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [MacGregor-Fors, Ian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Ecol Func, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. RP MacGregor-Fors, I, AP 27-3, Mexico City 58089, DF, Mexico. EM ian@oikos.unam.mx FU Manejo d Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Humano en la Cuenca del Rio Magdalena, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico FX This study was partially granted by the project Manejo d Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Humano en la Cuenca del Rio Magdalena, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. We thank Erick de la Barrera for reviewing our manuscript, Ana Lagunes-Gasca for help with field-work, and two anonymous reviewers that improved the quality of our manuscript. 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Urban Plan. PD APR 30 PY 2009 VL 90 IS 3-4 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.11.003 PG 7 SC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies GA 432SF UT ISI:000265153700010 ER PT C AU Jimenez-Vazquez, O Nagore, N AF Jimenez-Vazquez, O. Nagore, N. TI SEIZURE-ASSOCIATED INTRACRANIAL CYSTIC LESIONS SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jimenez-Vazquez, O.; Nagore, N.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. NR 0 TC 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 2009 VL 50 SU Suppl. 4 BP 254 EP 254 PG 1 SC Clinical Neurology GA 428WG UT ISI:000264881600898 ER PT J AU Garaev, MZ AF Garaev, M. Z. TI The Large Sieve Inequality for the Exponential Sequence lambda([O(n15/14+o(1))]) Modulo Primes SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS-JOURNAL CANADIEN DE MATHEMATIQUES LA English DT Article DE Large sieve; exponential sums ID KTH POWERS; SUMS; PRODUCTS; NUMBER; FIELDS; ORDER AB Let lambda be a fixed integer exceeding l and s(n) any strictly increasing sequence of positive integers satisfying s(n) <= n(15/14-o(1)). In this paper we give a version of the large sieve inequality for the sequence lambda(5n). In particular, we obtain nontrivial estimates of the associated trigonometric sums "on average" and establish equidistribution properties of the numbers lambda(5n), n <= p(log p)(2), modulo p for most primers p. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Garaev, MZ, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Ap Postal 61-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Math. PD APR PY 2009 VL 61 IS 2 BP 336 EP 350 PG 15 SC Mathematics GA 430FQ UT ISI:000264974600006 ER PT J AU Gomez, Y Tafoya, D Anglada, G Miranda, LF Torrelles, JM Patel, NA Hernandez, RF AF Gomez, Y. Tafoya, D. Anglada, G. Miranda, L. F. Torrelles, J. M. Patel, N. A. Hernandez, R. Franco TI THE MAGNETIC FIELD TOWARD THE YOUNG PLANETARY NEBULA K 3-35 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; masers; planetary nebulae: individual (K 3-35); polarization ID GIANT-BRANCH STARS; OH MASER EMISSION; H2O MASERS; K3-35; JET; COLLIMATION; OH17.7-2.0; NGC-6302; OUTFLOWS; BIPOLAR AB K 3-35 is a planetary nebula (PN) where H2O maser emission has been detected, suggesting that it departed from the proto-PNe phase only some decades ago. Interferometric VLA observations of the OH 18 cm transitions in K 3-35 are presented. OH maser emission is detected in all four ground state lines (1612, 1665, 1667, and 1720 MHz). All the masers appear blueshifted with respect to the systemic velocity of the nebula and have different spatial and kinematic distributions. The OH 1665 and 1720 MHz masers appear spatially coincident with the core of the nebula, while the OH 1612 and 1667 MHz ones exhibit a more extended distribution. We suggest that the 1665 and 1720 masers arise from a region close to the central star, possibly in a torus, while the 1612 and 1667 lines originate mainly from the extended northern lobe of the outflow. It is worth noting that the location and velocity of the OH 1720 MHz maser emission are very similar to those of the H2O masers (coinciding within 0.'' 1 and similar to 2 km s(-1), respectively). We suggest that the pumping mechanism in the H2O masers could be produced by the same shock that is exciting the OH 1720 MHz transition. A high degree of circular polarization (> 50%) was found to be present in some features of the 1612, 1665, and 1720 MHz emission. For the 1665 MHz transition at similar to +18 km s(-1) the emission with left and right circular polarizations (LCP and RCP) coincide spatially within a region of similar to 0.'' 03 in diameter. Assuming that these RCP and LCP 1665 features come from a Zeeman pair, we estimate a magnetic field of similar to 0.9 mG within 150 AU from the 1.3 cm continuum peak. This value is in agreement with a solar-type magnetic field associated with evolved stars. C1 [Tafoya, D.; Patel, N. A.; Hernandez, R. Franco] Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Torrelles, J. M.] Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Inst Ciencias Espacio CSIC IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Anglada, G.; Miranda, L. F.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Gomez, Y.; Tafoya, D.; Hernandez, R. Franco] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Gomez, Y, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 3-72, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM y.gomez@astrosmo.unam.mx d.tafoya@astrosmo.unam.mx guillem@iaa.es lfm@iaa.es torrelles@ieec.fcr.es npatel@cfa.harvard.edu r.franco@astrosmo.unam.mx FU DGAPA ; UNAM ; CONACYT, Mexico. G. A. ; MEC (Spain) [AYA 2005-08523-C03, AYA2005-01495]; MICINN (Spain) [AYA 2008-06189-C03, AYA2008-01934]; Junta de Andalucia (Spain) FX Y.G., D. T., and R. F. H. acknowledge support from DGAPA, UNAM, and CONACYT, Mexico. G. A. and J.M.T. acknowledge support from MEC (Spain) AYA 2005-08523-C03 and MICINN (Spain) AYA 2008-06189-C03 grants (co-funded by FEDER founds). L. F. M. is supported partially by grant AYA2005-01495 of the Spanish MEC and grant AYA2008-01934 of the Spanish MICINN (both co-funded by FEDER funds). G. A., L. F. M., and J. M. T. acknowledge partial support from Junta de Andalucia (Spain). 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TI SUBCRITICAL NONLINEAR DISSIPATIVE EQUATIONS ON A HALF-LINE SO ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE nonlinear equations; boundary value problem; asymptotics ID LARGE TIME BEHAVIOR; GINZBURG TYPE EQUATIONS AB In this paper we are interested in the global existence and large time behavior of solutions to the initial-boundary value problem for sub critical nonlinear dissipative equations {u(t) + N(u, u(x)) + Ku = 0, (x, t) is an element of R+ x R+, u(x, 0) = u(0)(x), x is an element of R+, partial derivative(j-1)(x)u(0, t) = 0 for j = 1, ... , m/2 where the nonlinear term N(u, u(x)) depends on the unknown function u and its derivative u(x) and satisfy the estimate vertical bar N(u, v)vertical bar <= C vertical bar u vertical bar(rho) vertical bar v vertical bar(sigma) with sigma >= 0, rho >= 1, such that (sigma + rho - 1)n+2/2n < 1 The linear operator K(u) is defined as follows: Ku =Sigma(m)(j=n)a(j)partial derivative(j)(x)u where the constants a(n), a(m) is an element of R, n, m are integers, m > n. The aim of this paper is to prove the global existence of solutions to the initial-boundary value Problem (1). We find the main term of the asymptotic representation of solutions in sub critical case, when the nonlinear term of equation has the time decay rate less then that of the linear terms. Also we give some general approach to obtain global existence of solution of initial-boundary value problem in sub critical case and elaborate general sufficient conditions to obtain asymptotic expansion of solution. C1 [Kaikina, Elena I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Benitez, Felipe; Ruiz-Paredes, Hector F.] Inst Tecnol Morelia, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Kaikina, EI, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Campus Morelia,AP 61-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM fbenitez@sirio.tsemor.mx ekaikina@matmor.unam.mx hruiz@sirio.tsemor.mx CR ESCOBEDO M, 1987, HOUSTON J MATH, V13, P39 ESCOBEDO M, 1995, COMMUN PART DIFF EQ, V20, P1427 GALAKTIONOV VA, 1986, MATH USSR SB, V54, P421 GALAKTIONOV VA, 1991, J FUNCT ANAL, V100, P435 GMIRA A, 1984, J DIFFER EQUATIONS, V53, P258 HAYASHI N, 2000, P ROY SOC EDINB A 5, V130, P1029 HAYASHI N, 2002, J MATH ANAL APPL, V265, P343 HAYASHI N, 2002, NONLINEAR DIFFERENTI, V8, P439 HAYASHI N, 2003, COMMUN CONTEMP MATH, V5, P127 HAYASHI N, 2003, J ANAL MATH, V90, P141 HAYASHI N, 2004, J DIFFER EQUATIONS, V207, P161 HAYASHI N, 2004, N HOLLAND MATH STUDI, V194 KAMIN S, 1986, ISRAEL J MATH, V55, P129 KAVIAN O, 1987, ANN I H POINCARE-AN, V4, P423 NAUMKIN PI, 1994, TRANSL MATH MONOGRAP, V133 ZUAZUA E, 1995, PITMAN RES NOTES MAT, V325, P251 NR 16 TC 0 PU KING FAHD UNIV PETROLEUM MINERALS PI DHAHRAN PA C/O UNIV, DHAHRAN 31261, SAUDI ARABIA SN 1319-8025 J9 ARAB J SCI ENG JI Arab. J. Sci. Eng. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1A BP 179 EP 207 PG 29 SC Multidisciplinary Sciences GA 434MA UT ISI:000265277600016 ER PT J AU Ambriz, RR Barrera, G Garcia, R Lopez, VH AF Ambriz, R. R. Barrera, G. Garcia, R. Lopez, V. H. TI Effect of the weld thermal cycles by the modified indirect electric arc (MIEA) on the mechanical properties of the AA6061-T6 alloy SO REVISTA DE METALURGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Aluminum alloy; Melted pool; Heat affected zone; Transformations; Overaging; Weld thermal cycle ID ALUMINUM; MICROSTRUCTURES AB Results of temperature measurements during welding of 12.7 mm thick AA6061-T6 alloy plates by modified indirect electric arc (MIEA) are presented. This study describes the thermal cycles of the heat affected zone (HAZ) and also in the fusion zone. Depending upon the position of the transducers, the maximum temperatures measured in the HAZ range from 308 to 693 degrees C, these measurements were related with the tensile test results, and the failure zone reported previously by the authors [1]. It was observed that, there is a decrease in the mechanical strength of the welded joints, due to the microstructural changes suffered by AA6061-T6 alloy in which formation of the beta' occurs according to the TTT transformation diagram. The inherent cooling conditions of the weld pool observed for the MIEA technique (only one pass of welding), have permitted to establish the characteristics of solidificaiton and microstructure for a specific cooling rate. C1 [Ambriz, R. R.; Barrera, G.; Garcia, R.; Lopez, V. H.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Ambriz, RR, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Apdo Post 888, Morelia 58000, Michoacan, Mexico. EM ricraf74@gmail.com gbarrera@zeus.umich.mx rgarcia@zeus.umich.mx CR *ASM, HEAT TREAT GUID NONF, P204 *ASTM, 1994, STAND TEST METH TENS, P419 AMBRIZ RR, 2006, S I, V11, P10 ANDERSON NA, INSTRUMENTATION PROC, P131 DAVID SA, 1989, INT MATER REV, V34, P213 DAVIES GJ, 1975, INT MET REV, V20, P83 DUTTA I, 1991, J MATER SCI LETT, V10, P323 GARCIA R, 2002, J MAT SCI LETT, V21 GARCIA R, 2003, J MAT SCI, V38 GARCIA R, 2006, J MATER SCI, V42, P7856 GARCIA R, 2007, J MATER SCI, V42, P7794, DOI 10.1007/s10853-007-1632-8 GRONG OO, 1997, METALLURGICAL MODELL, P221 GUITERREZ LA, 1996, WELD J, S116 HATCH JE, 1993, ALUMINIUM PROPERTIES, P134 HUANG C, 2004, WELD J, V83, S111 KLUKEN AO, 1997, WELD J, P39 KURZ W, 1989, FUNDAMENTALS SOLIDIF LI Y, 1999, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V271, P213 LOPEZ VH, 2002, METALL MATER TRANS B, P932 LU MJ, 1989, WELD J, S382 MALIN V, 1995, WELD J, V74, S305 MYHR OR, 2004, ACTA MAT, V52 ROSENTHAL D, 1946, T ASME, V68, P849 SHEPPARD T, 1988, MAT SCI TECHNOL, V4, P636 NR 24 TC 0 PU CENIM PI MADRID PA AVDA. GREGORIO DEL AMO, 8, 28040 MADRID, SPAIN SN 0034-8570 J9 REV METALURGIA JI Rev. Metal. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 42 EP 51 DI 10.3989/revmetalm.0801 PG 10 SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 429RJ UT ISI:000264937500005 ER PT J AU Chun, M Wilson, R Avila, R Butterley, T Aviles, JL Wier, D Benigni, S AF Chun, Mark Wilson, Richard Avila, Remy Butterley, Tim Aviles, Jose-Luis Wier, Don Benigni, Sam TI Mauna Kea ground-layer characterization campaign SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric effects; instrumentation: adaptive optics; site testing ID GENERALIZED SCIDAR; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; WIND PROFILES; SLODAR; ALTITUDE AB We present the results of an 18-month study to characterize the optical turbulence in the boundary layer and in the free atmosphere above the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii. This survey combined the Slope-Detection and Ranging (SLODAR) and Low-Layer SCIntillation Detection And Ranging (SCIDAR) (LOLAS) instruments into a single manually operated instrument capable of measuring the integrated seeing and the optical turbulence profile within the first kilometre with spatial and temporal resolutions of 40-80 m and 1 min (SLODAR) or 10-20 m and 5 min (LOLAS). The campaign began in the fall of 2006 and observed for roughly 50-60 h per month. The optical turbulence within the boundary layer is found to be confined within an extremely thin layer (<= 80 m), and the optical turbulence arising within the region from 80 to 650 m is normally very weak. Exponential fits to the SLODAR profiles give an upper limit on the exponential scaleheight of between 25 and 40 m. The thickness of this layer shows a dependence on the turbulence strength near the ground, and under median conditions the scaleheight is <28 m. The LOLAS profiles show a multiplicity of layers very close to the ground but all within the first 40 m. The free-atmosphere seeing measured by the SLODAR is 0.42 arcsec (median) at 0.5 mu m and is, importantly, significantly better than the typical delivered image quality at the larger telescopes on the mountain. This suggests that the current suite of telescopes on Mauna Kea is largely dominated by a very local seeing either from internal seeing, seeing induced by the flow in/around the enclosures, or from an atmospheric layer very close to the ground. The results from our campaign suggest that ground-layer adaptive optics can be very effective in correcting this turbulence and, in principle, can provide very large corrected fields of view on Mauna Kea. C1 [Chun, Mark; Wier, Don; Benigni, Sam] Inst Astron, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Avila, Remy; Aviles, Jose-Luis] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Wilson, Richard; Butterley, Tim] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, CfAI, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Chun, M, Inst Astron, 640 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM mchun@ifa.hawaii.edu FU Gemini Observatory ; CONACYT (Mexico) [58291]; DGAPA-UNAM [IN111403]; National Science Foundation (United States) ; Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom) ; National Research Council (Canada) ; CONICYT (Chile) ; Australian Research Council (Australia) ; Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (Brazil) ; SECYT (Argentina) FX This study was funded by the Gemini Observatory, CONACYT (Mexico) grant 58291 and DGAPA-UNAM IN111403. The GeminiObservatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (Brazil) and SECYT (Argentina). The authors also wish to thank the UH 2.2-m telescope day-crew for their support in this study. CR AVILA R, 1997, APPL OPTICS, V36, P7898 AVILA R, 2001, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V369, P364 AVILA R, 2008, MON NOT R ASTRON SOC, V387, P1511, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13386.x BUTTERLEY T, 2006, MON NOT R ASTRON SOC, V369, P835, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10337.x FRIED DL, 1990, J OPT SOC AM A, V7, P1224 FUCHS A, 1998, PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC, V110, P86 GOODWIN M, 2007, OPT EXPRESS, V15, P14844 KORNILOV V, 2003, P SOC PHOTO-OPT 1&2, V4839, P837 PRIEUR JL, 2001, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V371, P366 PRIEUR JL, 2004, PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC, V116, P778 RIGAUT F, 2002, ESO C P, V58, P11 THOMSON G, 2008, MSCI PROJECT REPORT TOKOVININ A, 2004, PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC, V116, P941 VOGIATZIS KIN, 2007, WORKSH ASTR SIT EV R, V31, P101 WILSON R, 2004, P SOC PHOTO-OPT 1-3, V5490, P758, DOI 10.1117/12.551258 WILSON RW, 2002, MON NOT R ASTRON SOC, V337, P103 NR 16 TC 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOTIC ROY ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2009 VL 394 IS 3 BP 1121 EP 1130 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14346.x PG 10 SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 428AP UT ISI:000264820500001 ER PT J AU Ceja, MR Goguitchaichvili, A Morales, J Ostrooumov, M Manzanilla, LR Reyes, BA Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J AF Rodriguez Ceja, Maria Goguitchaichvili, Avto Morales, Juan Ostrooumov, Mikhail Manzanilla, Linda R. Reyes, Bertha Aguilar Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime TI Integrated archeomagnetic and micro-Raman spectroscopy study of pre-Columbian ceramics from the Mesoamerican formative village of Cuanalan, Teotihuacan Valley, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID FIELD INTENSITY VARIATIONS; GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD; LAVA FLOWS; PALEOINTENSITY; POTTERY AB We report a detailed archeomagnetic and micro-Raman spectroscopy investigation on pre-Columbian pottery fragments from Cuanalan ( a formative village in the valley of Teotihuacan, central Mexico). Available radiocarbon ages range from 2320 +/- 80 to 2060 +/- 90 B. P. Continuous low-field susceptibility versus temperature curves performed in air indicate Ti-poor titanomagnetites as magnetization carriers. Few samples, however, show two ferrimagnetic phases with Curie temperatures compatible with both Ti-poor and Ti-rich titanomagnetites. Hysteresis parameter ratios fall essentially in the pseudosingle-domain region, which may indicate a mixture of multidomain and a significant amount of single-domain grains. Mineralogical composition of the Teotihuacan ceramics has been investigated using micro-Raman spectroscopy. Samples are characterized by highly heterogeneous body matrix mineralogy due to the presence of a large variety of minerals with several mineralogical phases. Observed titanomagnetite and magnetite bands shift toward higher wave numbers, confirming a reducing atmosphere and a relatively high temperature (about 800-900 degrees C) during the ceramic production. This definitively indicates the thermoremanent origin of magnetic magnetization. Archeointensity values have been determined from 7 pottery fragments (47 samples) out of 10 (70 samples) analyzed. Anisotropy of thermoremanent magnetization and the cooling rate effect upon thermoremanent magnetization intensity acquisition have been investigated in all the samples. The mean archeointensity values obtained in this study range from 24.2 +/- 3.2 to 40.0 +/- 1.7 mu T, and corresponding virtual axial dipole moments range from 4.8 +/- 0.6 to 8.0 +/- 0.4 (10(22) A m(2)). This corresponds to a mean virtual dipole moment value of 5.9 +/- 1.1 x 10(22) A m(2), which is lower than the present-day field strength and the predicted values by global models and the latest data compilation. However, our data agree well with currently available absolute intensity values from Mesoamerica. The archeointensity values uncorrected for cooling rate and anisotropy are systematically higher than the corrected values. These uncorrected values agree with the CALS7K model, which may be biased by the fact that such corrections were not applied to most of the previous data. C1 [Rodriguez Ceja, Maria; Goguitchaichvili, Avto; Morales, Juan; Reyes, Bertha Aguilar] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Lab Interinst Magnetismo Nat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Manzanilla, Linda R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Antropol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ostrooumov, Mikhail] UMSNH, IIM, Dept Geol & Mineral, Morelia 58087, Michoacan, Mexico. [Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Lab Paleomagnetismo & Paleoambientes, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Ceja, MR, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Lab Interinst Magnetismo Nat, Campus Morelia, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. 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Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD APR 8 PY 2009 VL 114 AR B04103 DI 10.1029/2008JB006106 PG 12 SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 431ZS UT ISI:000265103900001 ER PT J AU Cortes-Rojo, C Calderon-Cortes, E Clemente-Guerrero, M Estrada-Villagomez, M Manzo-Avalos, S Mejia-Zepeda, R Boldogh, I Saavedra-Molina, A AF Cortes-Rojo, Christian Calderon-Cortes, Elizabeth Clemente-Guerrero, Monica Estrada-Villagomez, Mirella Manzo-Avalos, Salvador Mejia-Zepeda, Ricardo Boldogh, Istvan Saavedra-Molina, Alfredo TI Elucidation of the effects of lipoperoxidation on the mitochondrial electron transport chain using yeast mitochondria with manipulated fatty acid content SO JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS AND BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE Lipoperoxidation; Cytochromes; Yeast mitochondria; Iron; Electron transport chain ID CYTOCHROME BC(1) COMPLEX; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RAT-HEART; SUBMITOCHONDRIAL PARTICLES; RESPIRATORY-CHAIN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; C OXIDOREDUCTASE; I ACTIVITY AB Lipoperoxidative damage to the respiratory chain proteins may account for disruption in mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) function and could lead to an augment in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of lipoperoxidation on ETC function and cytochromes spectra of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria. We compared the effects of Fe2+ treatment on mitochondria isolated from yeast with native (lipoperoxidation-resistant) and modified (lipoperoxidation-sensitive) fatty acid composition. Augmented sensitivity to oxidative stress was observed in the complex III-complex IV segment of the ETC. Lipoperoxidation did not alter the cytochromes content. Under lipoperoxidative conditions, cytochrome c reduction by succinate was almost totally eliminated by superoxide dismutase and stigmatellin. Our results suggest that lipoperoxidation impairs electron transfer mainly at cytochrome b in complex III, which leads to increased resistance to antimycin A and ROS generation due to an electron leak at the level of the Q(O) site of complex III. C1 [Cortes-Rojo, Christian; Calderon-Cortes, Elizabeth; Clemente-Guerrero, Monica; Estrada-Villagomez, Mirella; Manzo-Avalos, Salvador; Saavedra-Molina, Alfredo] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quim Biol, Morelia 58030, Mich, Mexico. [Mejia-Zepeda, Ricardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Unidad Biomed, Fac Estudios Super Iztacala, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Boldogh, Istvan] Univ Texas Med Branch Galveston, Sch Med, Galveston, TX USA. RP Saavedra-Molina, A, Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Quim Biol, Edificio B-3 CU, Morelia 58030, Mich, Mexico. EM saavedra@umich.mx FU CIC-UMSNH [2.16]; COECYT [2008]; Fondos Mixtos CONACYT-Estado de Michoacan ; NIAID [AI062885]; NIH/NIA [AG 021830]; NIEHS Center [EOS 006677] FX This work was supported by CIC-UMSNH (2.16 to S. M. A and A. S. M.), COECYT 2008 (to S. M. A and A. S. M.), Fondos Mixtos CONACYT-Estado de Michoacan (to S. M. A and A. S. M.), NIAID (AI062885 to I. B), NIH/NIA (AG 021830 to I. B) and NIEHS Center Grant, EOS 006677. The authors appreciated the technical assistance from Dr. Emma Bertha Gutierrez-Cirlos, UBIMED Iztacala. UNAM. 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Bioenerg. Biomembr. PD FEB PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 15 EP 28 DI 10.1007/s10863-009-9200-3 PG 14 SC Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 428NT UT ISI:000264855900002 ER PT J AU Herrera-Guzman, I Gudayol-Ferre, E Jarne-Esparcia, A Herrera-Abarca, JE Herrera-Guzman, D Pero-Cebollero, M Guardia-Olmos, J AF Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve Jarne-Esparcia, Adolfof Herrera-Abarca, Jorge E. Herrera-Guzman, Daniel Pero-Cebollero, Maribel Guardia-Olmos, Joan TI Comorbidity of anxiety disorders in major depressive disorder. A clinical trial to evaluate neuropsychological deficit SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Depression; Anxiety disorder; Depression and anxiety comorbidity; Neuropsychological assessment; Cognitive ID UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; MEMORY DEFICITS; IMPAIRMENT; SYMPTOMS; PERFORMANCE; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION AB Background and objectives: Various clinical aspects of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are related to the neuropsychological impairments characteristic of this illness, The aim of this study was to determine he relation between certain clinical variables of MDD - in particular the presence of comorbid anxiety disorders - and the neuropsychological performance of patients with MDD selected for a clinical trial. Methods: Using cluster analyses, we generated two groups of patients: one group with Major Depressive Disorder and a Comorbid Anxiety Disorder (MDDAD), and the other with Pure Major Depressive Disorder (PMDD). Both groups were assessed clinically and neuropsychologically before and after 24 weeks of pharmacological treatment. Neuropsychological performance prior to treatment was comparable in the two groups. Results: After treatment, both groups showed cognitive improvement in attention tasks, memory, and executive functions Conclusions: The PMDD group obtained greater neurocognitive benefits from the antidepressive treatment than the MDDAD group. C1 [Pero-Cebollero, Maribel; Guardia-Olmos, Joan] Univ Barcelona, Fac Psicol, Dept Metodol, Barcelona 08035, Spain. [Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel; Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve; Herrera-Abarca, Jorge E.] CECYPE, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel; Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve; Herrera-Abarca, Jorge E.] IPN, Div Estudios Postgrad & Invest, Escuela Super Med, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Herrera-Guzman, Ixchel; Gudayol-Ferre, Esteve] Univ Michoacana, Escuela Psicol, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Herrera-Guzman, Daniel] Secretaria Salud, Ctr Michoacano Salud Mental, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Jarne-Esparcia, Adolfof] Univ Barcelona, Dept Personalitat Avaluacio & Tractaments Psicol, Barcelona 08035, Spain. RP Guardia-Olmos, J, Univ Barcelona, Fac Psicol, Dept Metodol, Passeig Vall Hebron 171, Barcelona 08035, Spain. 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J. Psychiat. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 23 IS 1 BP 5 EP 18 PG 14 SC Psychiatry GA 428QF UT ISI:000264863200001 ER PT J AU Johnson, M Edwards, R Ghilardi, A Berrueta, V Gillen, D Frenk, CA Masera, O AF Johnson, Michael Edwards, Rufus Ghilardi, Adrian Berrueta, Victor Gillen, Dan Frenk, Claudio Alatorre Masera, Omar TI Quantification of Carbon Savings from Improved Biomass Cookstove Projects SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPPLY-AND-DEMAND; KAMPONG-THOM PROVINCE; HOUSEHOLD STOVES; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; EMISSION FACTORS; CAMBODIA; WISDOM; MEXICO; CHINA; FUEL AB In spite of growing interest, a principal obstacle to wider inclusion of improved cookstove projects in carbon trading schemes has been the lack of accountability in estimating CO2-equivalent (CO2-e) savings. To demonstrate that robust estimates of CO2-e savings can be obtained at reasonable cost, an integrated approach of community-based subsampling of traditional and improved stoves in homes to estimate fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, combined with spatially explicit community-based estimates of the fraction of nonrenewable biomass harvesting (fNRB), was used to estimate CO2-e savings for 603 homes with improved Patsari stoves in Purepecha communities of Michoacan, Mexico. Mean annual household CO2-e savings for CO2, CH4, CO, and nonmethane hydrocarbons were 3.9 tCO(2)-e home(-1) yr(-1) (95% CI +/- 22%), and for Kyoto gases (CO2 and CH4) were 3.1 tCO(2)-e home(-1) yr(-1) (95% CI +/- 26%), respectively, using a weighted mean fNRB harvesting of 39%. CO2-e savings ranged from 1.6 (95% CI +/- 49%) to 7.5 (95% CI +/- 17%) tCO(2)-e home(-1) yr(-1) for renewable and nonrenewable harvesting in individual communities, respectively. Since emission factors,fuel consumption, and fNRB each contribute significantly to the overall uncertainty in estimates of CO2-e savings, community-based assessment of all of these parameters is critical for robust estimates. Reporting overall uncertainty in the CO2-e savings estimates provides a mechanism for valuation of carbon offsets, which would promote better accounting that CO2-e savings had actually been achieved. Cost Of CO2-e savings as a result of adoption of Patsari stoves was US$8 per tCO(2)-e based on initial stove costs, monitoring costs, and conservative stove adoption rates, which is similar to 4 times less expensive than use of carbon capture and storage from coal plants, and similar to 18 times less than solar power. The low relative cost Of CO2-e abatement of improved stoves combined with substantial health cobenefits through reduction in indoor air pollution provides a strong rationale for targeting these less expensive carbon mitigation options,while providing substantial economic assistance for stove dissemination efforts. C1 [Johnson, Michael; Edwards, Rufus] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ghilardi, Adrian; Masera, Omar] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ecosyst Res Ctr, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Berrueta, Victor] GIRA, Patzcuaro 61609, Mexico. [Gillen, Dan] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Stat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Frenk, Claudio Alatorre] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Engn Inst, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Edwards, R, Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Room 258,101 TheorySuite 250, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM edwardsr@uci.edu FU UCMEXUS-CONACYT [23640]; UNAM-PAPIIT [IN109807] FX Our gratitude to the participating families from the Meseta Purepecha. Funding was provided by UCMEXUS-CONACYT Collaborative grant program, CONACYT Project 23640, and UNAM-PAPIIT Project IN109807. 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Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 7 BP 2456 EP 2462 DI 10.1021/es801564u PG 7 SC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences GA 427DI UT ISI:000264759600052 ER PT J AU Tapia, M Rodriguez, LF Persi, P Roth, M Gomez, M AF Tapia, Mauricio Rodriguez, Luis F. Persi, Paolo Roth, Miguel Gomez, Mercedes TI THE INTERMEDIATE-MASS EMBEDDED CLUSTER GM 24 REVISITED: NEW INFRARED AND RADIO OBSERVATIONS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; ISM: individual (GM 24); open clusters and associations: general; stars: formation ID T-TAURI STARS; SOUTHERN MILKY; REGIONS; PHOTOMETRY; NGC-3603; SYSTEMS; OBJECTS; MODELS; CAMERA; GM-24 AB New and archived high-resolution infrared (IR; 1-20 mu m) and radio-continuum images of the isolated embedded cluster and associated compact H II region, GM 24, are presented and measured photometrically. The nucleus of the complex is Irs 3, or IRAS 17136-3617, located at the densest part of the molecular cloud. This object is composed of at least three compact near-IR sources (A, B, and C) that are the most luminous and massive young stellar components and provide most of the ionizing energy to the cometary-shaped radio H II region. The 3.6 cm radio map shows a complex structure with an extended emission peak and two very compact components very close to Irs 3A. Large inhomogeneities in the dust density within the nebula cause considerably different morphologies in the observed emission of hydrogen recombination lines, namely Pa beta, Br gamma, and Br alpha. No H-2 line emission at 2.12 mu m was detected. The embedded IR cluster is found to contain more than 100 members within a radius of around 40 '', which corresponds to 0.39 pc. The total stellar mass is estimated to be >= 250 M-circle dot. The extinction to the nearby edge of the cluster is determined to be A(V) = 13, though a number of sources, including Irs 3, are reddened by A(V) > 50. A fraction of near-IR sources, mainly in the periphery of the cluster, are main-sequence A-B-type stars, while a large fraction (similar to 50%) of the detected members show significant IR excesses, including several Class I young stellar objects with luminosities ranging from a few solar luminosities near our sensitivity limit, to 1.5 x 10(5) L-circle dot, the derived luminosity of Irs 3. C1 [Tapia, Mauricio] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada 22830, Baja California, Mexico. [Rodriguez, Luis F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Persi, Paolo] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Roma, INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Roth, Miguel] Carnegie Inst Washington, Campanas Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Gomez, Mercedes] Observ Astron, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. RP Tapia, M, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apartado Postal 877, Ensenada 22830, Baja California, Mexico. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; National Science Foundatio ; PAAPIIT/UNAM [IN102607]; CONACyT, Mexico ; DGAPA ; UNAM FX We made use of GLIMPSE data obtained with IRAC on the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under NASA contract 1407. This research has made use of the NASA/IRAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. M. T. acknowledges financial support from PAAPIIT/UNAM grant IN102607. Additionally, L. F. R. acknowledges the support of CONACyT, Mexico and DGAPA, UNAM. 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